Modeling of Regional Atmospheric Pollution

• Autore: Menut Laurent
• Pubblicazione: Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2024; ©2024
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (254 pages)
• Disciplina: 628.53
• Soggetto topico: Atmospheric chemistry; Environmental monitoring
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1. What is Atmospheric Pollution? -- 1.1. Introducing atmospheric pollution -- 1.1.1. The concept of polluted atmosphere -- 1.1.2. Where are the large polluted areas? -- 1.1.3. Atmospheric composition -- 1.2. Typical concentrations by season -- 1.3. Gas-phase chemistry -- 1.3.1. Abundance and lifetime of species -- 1.3.2. Ozone and the radical cycle -- 1.3.3. Chemical regimes -- 1.3.4. Typology of urban pollution -- 1.4. Aerosol chemistry -- 1.4.1. Abundance of aerosols -- 1.4.2. Size distribution -- 1.5. The atmospheric boundary layer -- 1.5.1. General structure -- 1.5.2. Diurnal cycle and turbulence -- 1.5.3. The urban boundary layer -- Chapter 2. Observations and Legislation -- 2.1. Meteorological measurements -- 2.1.1. In situ measurements -- 2.1.2. Measurements through remote detection -- 2.2. Atmospheric concentration measurements -- 2.2.1. In situ measurements -- 2.2.2. Measurements through remote detection -- 2.2.3. Micro-sensors -- 2.3. Measurement campaigns -- 2.4. Databases -- 2.5. Norms and legislations -- Chapter 3. General Principle Behind Modeling and Its Application to Meteorology -- 3.1. What is a model? -- 3.1.1. Definition of a numerical model -- 3.1.2. Journals on modeling -- 3.1.3. Different types of Eulerian models -- 3.1.4. A few current meteorological models -- 3.2. Constraints on a regional model -- 3.2.1. Definition of the domain of calculation -- 3.2.2. Initial conditions and boundary conditions -- 3.2.3. Surface data -- 3.2.4. Nudging and nesting -- 3.3. Dynamical, physical and parameterizations -- 3.3.1. Choosing the timestep -- 3.3.2. Diagnostic and prognostic variables -- 3.3.3. The boundary layer and turbulent fluxes -- Chapter 4. Emissions -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Anthropogenic emissions -- 4.2.1. Emission inventories. ; 4.2.2. Emission cadastres -- 4.3. Biogenic emissions -- 4.3.1. Flux parameterization -- 4.3.2. Databases -- 4.3.3. Intercomparison and sensitivity -- 4.4. Emissions from biomass burning -- 4.4.1. Surface emission processes -- 4.4.2. Pyroconvection -- 4.5. Mineral dust emissions -- 4.5.1. Characterization of the surface, the soil and roughness -- 4.5.2. Taking meteorology into account -- 4.5.3. Calculating emission fluxes -- 4.5.4. Examples of emission fluxes -- 4.6. Emissions from volcanoes -- 4.6.1. General information -- 4.6.2. A recent eruption: the Icelandic volcano in 2010 -- 4.6.3. An older eruption: Laki in 1783 -- 4.7. Emissions from lightning -- 4.7.1. Frequency of lightning flashes -- 4.7.2. Estimation of NO production -- 4.7.3. The relative part produced by CG and IC -- 4.7.4. The vertical emission profile -- 4.7.5. Intercomparisons and observations -- 4.8. Natural marine emissions -- 4.8.1. Sea-salts -- 4.8.2. Dimethylsulfide -- 4.9. Pollen -- 4.10. Summarizing information on emissions -- Chapter 5. Deposition -- 5.1. Dry deposition -- 5.1.1. Aerodynamic resistance ra -- 5.1.2. Surface resistance rb -- 5.1.3. In-canopy resistance rc -- 5.2. Wet deposition -- 5.2.1. In convective columns -- 5.2.2. In the cloud -- 5.2.3. Below the cloud -- Chapter 6. Chemistry-Transport Modeling -- 6.1. Principles underlying chemistry-transport models -- 6.2. Initial conditions and boundary conditions -- 6.3. Taking into account transport -- 6.3.1. Conservation of mass -- 6.3.2. The horizontal advection flux (u,v) -- 6.3.3. The vertical advection flux (w) -- 6.3.4. Turbulent diffusivity -- 6.4. Gas-phase chemistry -- 6.4.1. Chemical reactions -- 6.4.2. Solvers -- 6.4.3. Chemical mechanisms -- 6.5. Aerosols -- 6.5.1. Size distribution -- 6.5.2. Internal/external mixing -- 6.5.3. Aerosol models -- 6.6. Coupling meteorology and chemistry. ; 6.6.1. Coupled models -- 6.6.2. Direct effects -- 6.6.3. Indirect effects -- 6.6.4. Uncertainties and future prospects -- Chapter 7. Qualification and Optimization -- 7.1. Qualification of modeling results -- 7.1.1. Is it possible to qualify or validate a model? -- 7.1.2. Are the results accurate? -- 7.1.3. Evaluation statistics -- 7.2. Comparisons with measurements or inter-model comparisons -- 7.2.1. Comparisons with routine measurements -- 7.2.2. Comparison with satellite measurements -- 7.2.3. Comparisons with measurement campaigns -- 7.2.4. Inter-model comparisons -- 7.3. Statistical adaptation or tuning -- 7.3.1. Modifications to input parameters -- 7.3.2. Modification of results -- 7.4. Scenarios -- 7.4.1. Meteorological scenarios -- 7.4.2. Emission scenarios -- 7.4.3. Scenarios related to a process in the model -- 7.5. Sensitivity studies -- 7.5.1. Sensitivity through direct modeling -- 7.5.2. Sensitivity through adjoint modeling -- 7.6. Ensemble calculations -- 7.7. Machine learning -- Chapter 8. Data Assimilation, Inverse Modeling and Forecasting -- 8.1. Data assimilation -- 8.1.1. Sequential assimilation -- 8.1.2. Variational assimilation -- 8.1.3. Applications of data assimilation -- 8.1.4. Gain from data assimilation for pollution -- 8.2. Inverse modeling -- 8.3. Forecasting -- Chapter 9. The Impacts of Atmospheric Pollution -- 9.1. The impact of pollution on climate -- 9.2. The impact of climate on pollution -- 9.3. The impact of pollution on health -- References -- Index -- EULA.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book, 'Modeling of Regional Atmospheric Pollution' by Laurent Menut, provides an in-depth analysis of atmospheric pollution, focusing on regional modeling approaches. It covers the fundamental concepts of atmospheric pollution, the chemical composition of the atmosphere, and the dynamics of pollutants. The book discusses various measurement techniques, including in situ and remote detection methods, and the importance of legislative norms in managing pollution. It further explores the principles behind numerical modeling, particularly Eulerian models, and their application in meteorology to simulate and predict pollution scenarios. The work is intended for researchers, students, and professionals in atmospheric sciences, aiming to enhance understanding of the complexities involved in pollution modeling and control.
• Titolo autorizzato: Modeling of Regional Atmospheric Pollution
• ISBN: 9781394284160; 1394284160; 9781394284191; 1394284195
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9911019561203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II