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Body composition and physical performance [[electronic resource] ] : applications for the military services / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, Judith Grumstrup-Scott, editors
Body composition and physical performance [[electronic resource] ] : applications for the military services / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, Judith Grumstrup-Scott, editors
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1992
Descrizione fisica xiv, 356 p. : ill
Disciplina 612/.042
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
Grumstrup-ScottJudith
Soggetto topico Physical fitness
Body composition
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-280-21187-3
9786610211876
0-309-55733-X
0-585-14431-1
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910456029903321
Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1992
Materiale a stampa
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Body composition and physical performance [[electronic resource] ] : applications for the military services / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, Judith Grumstrup-Scott, editors
Body composition and physical performance [[electronic resource] ] : applications for the military services / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, Judith Grumstrup-Scott, editors
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1992
Descrizione fisica xiv, 356 p. : ill
Disciplina 612/.042
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
Grumstrup-ScottJudith
Soggetto topico Physical fitness
Body composition
ISBN 1-280-21187-3
9786610211876
0-309-55733-X
0-585-14431-1
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910778614303321
Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1992
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
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Body composition and physical performance : applications for the military services / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, Judith Grumstrup-Scott, editors
Body composition and physical performance : applications for the military services / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, Judith Grumstrup-Scott, editors
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1992
Descrizione fisica xiv, 356 p. : ill
Disciplina 612/.042
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
Grumstrup-ScottJudith
Soggetto topico Physical fitness
Body composition
ISBN 1-280-21187-3
9786610211876
0-309-55733-X
0-585-14431-1
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Body Composition and Physical Performance -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- FOCUS OF THE REPORT -- HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE -- COMMITTEE TASK AND PROCEDURES -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- PART I OVERVIEW -- 1 Introduction and Background -- THE COMMITTEE'S TASK -- CURRENT PHYSICAL STANDARDS FOR ACCESSION AND RETENTION IN THE MILITARY -- Accession Standards -- Retention Standards -- PROCEDURES USED BY THE MILITARY SERVICES FOR FAILURE TO MEET PHYSICAL OR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS -- METHODS FOR ASSESSING BODY COMPOSITION -- Definition of Terms -- Anthropometric Measurements -- Densitometry -- Bioelectric Impedance Analysis -- Options Requiring Major Equipment Or Time -- FACTORS THAT MAY INFLUENCE BODY COMPOSITION -- Age -- Gender -- Race and Ethnic Group -- BODY WEIGHT, COMPOSITION, AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE -- Does Being Overweight Impair Military Performance? -- Running ability, sit-ups, and push-ups -- Load Carrying Ability and Lifting -- RELATIONSHIP OF LEAN BODY MASS VERSUS BODY FATNESS TO PERFORMANCE OF PHYSICAL TASKS -- RELATIONSHIP OF BODY COMPOSITION AND INJURY -- RELATIONSHIP OF BODY COMPOSITION TO HEALTH -- BODY COMPOSITION AND MILITARY APPEARANCE -- ASSESSING BODY COMPOSITION FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO FAIL TO MEET MILITARY STANDARDS -- COMMENTS ON BODY COMPOSITION STANDARDS -- References -- 2 Conclusions and Recommendations -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH -- PART II INVITED PAPERS -- 3 Body Composition And Military Performance: Origins Of The Army Standards -- INTRODUCTION -- THE CURRENT ARMY WEIGHT CONTROL PROGRAM: POLICY AND GOALS -- THE DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY ACCESSION STANDARDS -- Physical Standards In Relation To The Demand For Soldiers -- Early Scientific Investigations Of Soldier Physique -- Standards Of Physique In The Civil War: Eye Of The Physician -- Published Standards For Physician Guidance.
WORLD WAR II HEIGHT-WEIGHT STANDARDS -- Development Of Current Accession Standards -- RETENTION STANDARDS IN THE MILITARY -- Potbellies And The Army Weight Control Program -- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE 1308.1 AND THE U.S. ARMY BODY FAT STANDARDS -- Development Of Army Body Fat Equations -- References -- 4 Body Composition In The Military Services: Standards And Methods -- BACKGROUND -- BODY COMPOSITION STANDARDS -- Body Composition And Physical Performance -- Body Composition And Appearance -- Body Composition And Health -- BODY COMPOSITION MEASUREMENT -- Reliability And Trainability -- Equation Validity -- U.S. Army -- U.S. Navy -- U.S. Marine Corps -- U.S. Air Force -- Cross-Validation -- SUMMARY -- References -- 5 Effects of Experimental Alterations in Excess Weight On Physiological Responses To Exercise and Physical Per ... -- INTRODUCTION -- EXCESS WEIGHT, AEROBIC CAPACITY AND RUNNING PERFORMANCE -- RUNNING PERFORMANCE, METABOLIC RESPONSES AND GENDER DIFFERENCES -- PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE, BODY FAT AND WOMEN ATHLETES -- References -- 6 Army Data: Body Composition and Physical Capacity -- INTRODUCTION -- DESIGN AND METHODS -- RESULTS -- Body Composition and Performance Capacity Related To Age -- Performance Capacity in Relation To Body Composition -- Relationship To Fitness Standards -- DISCUSSION -- References -- 7 The Relationship Of Body Size And Composition To The Performance Of Physically Demanding Military Tasks -- INTRODUCTION -- Associations Among Body Fat, Load Carriage Ability, And Running Performance -- Association Of Lean Body Mass With Military Performance -- Discussion And Conclusions -- References -- 8 New Approaches To Body Composition Evaluation And Some Relationships To Dynamic Muscular Strength -- NEW APPROACHES TO BODY COMPOSITION EVALUATION -- Estimating Excess Body Fat From Changes In Abdominal Girth.
Calculation Of Excess Abdominal Girth -- The Ag Method During Body Mass Loss By Exercise Plus Diet -- The Ag Method During Body Mass Loss By Diet Only -- THE BODY PROFILE: AN ENHANCEMENT OF THE SOMATOGRAM -- Original Somatogram Calculations -- Ponderal Sornatogram Calculation -- SOME RELATIONSHIPS TO DYNAMIC MUSCULAR STRENGTH -- Experimental Procedures -- Anthropometric Assessment -- Calculations -- Results -- Anthropometry -- Correlations -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- References -- 9 Associations Among Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Injury in Men and Women Army Trainees -- INTRODUCTION -- TWO ARMY STUDIES OF BODY COMPOSITION, FITNESS, AND INJURY -- Methods -- Subjects -- Prescreening Measures -- Medical Follow-Up -- Physical Training -- Analysis -- Results -- Correlation of Percent Bf and Body Mass Index -- Past Activity Level and Body Composition -- Body Composition and Physical Performance -- Prediction of Endurance Performance -- Injuries -- Body Composition And Injury -- Physical Fitness And Injury -- Physical Activity And Injury -- Gender, Physical Fitness And Risk Of Injury -- Discussion -- Correlation Between Body Composition And Physical Fitness -- Predicting Endurance -- Risks Of Injury -- Association Between Body Composition And Risk Of Injury -- Association Of Physical Fitness With Risk Of Injury -- Association Of Physical Activity And Risk Of Injury -- Gender, Physical Fitness, And Risk Of Injury -- Conclusion -- References -- 10 Body Composition, Morbidity, And Mortality -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODS OF MEASURING BODY COMPOSITION -- ACCURACY OF MEASUREMENTS -- USING A FOUR-COMPARTMENT MODEL FOR STUDIES OF BODY COMPOSITION -- ASSOCIATIONS AMONG BODY COMPOSITION, DISEASE AND DEATH -- Bone -- Fat-Free Mass -- Excess Adipose Tissue -- Measuring Body Fat -- Distribution Of Body Fat In Adults -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- References.
11 Critique of the Military's Approach To Body Composition Assessment and Evaluation -- APPROACHES -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- 12 Body Composition and Performance in Relation To Environment -- DEFINITION OF OBESITY -- PERFORMANCE IN COMFORTABLE CLIMATES -- Physical Performance -- Resting Metabolism -- Endurance Activities -- Lifting and Carrying -- Underwater Activity -- Size Problems -- Poor Health -- OTHER IMPLICATIONS OF OBESITY -- HOT AND COLD ENVIRONMENTS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- 13 Sex Differences and Ethnic/Racial Differences in Body Size and Body Composition -- SEX DIFFERENCES IN BODY SIZE AND BODY COMPOSITION -- ETHNIC AND RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN BODY MASS AND BODY COMPOSITION -- RELEVANT EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF FATNESS AND FITNESS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- APPENDIX -- PART III COMMITTEE DISCUSSION PAPER -- 14 Body Composition Measurement: Accuracy, Validity, and Comparability -- BACKGROUND -- METHODS AND ASSUMPTIONS -- Measurement and Definitions in Body Composition -- Obesity Prevalence, Age Effects and Weight Fluctuations -- Population Based Data -- Individual-Based Data -- RESEARCH APPLICATIONS -- SUMMARY -- References -- APPENDIXES -- A Accession Standards for the Military Services -- U.S. Army -- Chapter 2 Physical Standards for Enlistment, Appointment, and Induction -- 2-1. General -- 2-2. Application and Responsibilities -- a. Application. -- 2-21. Height -- 2-22. Weight -- 2-23. Body Build -- U.S. Navy -- (4) Navy Health and Physical Readiness Program -- B Retention Standards for the Military Services -- U.S. Army -- Section I Introduction -- 1. Purpose -- 2. References -- 3. Explanation of Abbreviations and Terms -- 4. Objectives -- Section II Responsibilities -- 5. General -- Section III Weight Control -- 20. Policy -- 21. Procedures -- 22. Reenlistment Criteria.
Ar 600-9 Update: Appendix B Standard Methods For Determining Body Fat Using Body Circumferences, Height And We ... -- B-1. Introduction -- B-2. Height and Weight Measurements -- B-3. Description of Circumference Sites, and Their Anatomical Landmarks and Technique -- B-4. Circumference Sites and Landmarks for Males -- B-5. Circumference Sites and Landmarks for Females -- B-6. Preparation of the Body Fat Content Worksheets -- B-7. Steps For Preparing the Male Body Fat Content Worksheet, DA Form 5000-R, Dec 85 -- Step 1. Abdominal Measurement -- Step 2. Neck Measurement -- Step 3. Average Abdominal Measurement -- Step 4. Average Neck Measurement -- Step 5. Abdomen-Neck Difference -- Step 6. Abdomen-Neck Factor -- Step 7. Height Factor -- Step 8. Percent Body Fat -- B-8. -- Step 1. -- Step 2. Height Factor -- Step 3. Hip Measurement -- Step 4. Forearm Measurement -- Step 5. Neck Measurement -- Step 6. Wrist Measurement -- Step 7. Hip Factor -- Step 8. Forearm Factor -- Step 9. Neck Factor -- Step 10. Wrist Factor -- Calculations -- Line C. Addition Of Weight And Hip Factors -- Line H. Addition Of Height, Forearm, Neck, And Wrist Factors -- Line I. Percent Body Fat -- U.S. Navy -- Body Composition Determination Procedure -- U.S. Air Force -- Chapter 1 -- Chapter 2 Air Force Weight Program -- Section A-The Weight Program -- 2-1. Introduction. -- 2-2. The Weight Program: -- 2-13. Individual Responsibilities. -- Section C- Weight Standards and Maximum Allowable Weight (Maw) Standard Adjustments -- 2-15. Weight Standards. -- 2-16. Maximum Allowable Weight (MAW) Standard Adjustments. -- 2-17. Appeal Procedures for MAW Adjustments. -- Section D- Weight Program Requirements -- 2-18. Weight Program Requirements. -- 2-19. Weight Checks, Height Measurements, and Scale Calibration:.
2-20. Permanent Change of Station (PCS) or Permanent Change of Assignment (PCA) Procedures.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910825652903321
Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1992
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Committee on Military Nutrition Research : activity report, April 1, 1992 through November 30, 1994 : Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine / / prepared by Bernadette M. Marriott and Paul Thomas
Committee on Military Nutrition Research : activity report, April 1, 1992 through November 30, 1994 : Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine / / prepared by Bernadette M. Marriott and Paul Thomas
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (175 p.)
Disciplina 613.2088355
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
ThomasPaul
Soggetto topico Nutrition - Requirements - United States
Soldiers - Nutrition
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto ""Committee on Military Nutrition Research""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Summary""; ""Background and Introduction""; ""HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE""; ""COMMITTEE PROCEDURES""; ""Meetings""; ""Document Format""; ""Document Review""; ""ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT""; ""The Relationship of Soldier Body Composition to Physical Performance""; ""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH""; ""Nutritional Requirements for Work in Hot Environments""; ""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESEARCH""
""Military Nutrition Research at the Pennington Biomedical Research Center""""REVIEW OF RESEARCH PROGRESS AT THE PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER""; ""Findings""; ""Conclusions and Recommendations""; ""REVIEW OF THREE RESEARCH PROPOSALS FROM THE PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER""; ""Findings""; ""Conclusions and Recommendations""; ""Military Recommended Dietary Allowances""; ""BACKGROUND""; ""REVISED RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Project Review of the Nutritional Intervention Study of the Ranger Training Class, 11/92 (Ranger II)""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH""
""Military Nutrition Research in Historical Perspective""""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Can Food Components Be Used to Enhance Soldier Performance?""; ""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Underconsumption Field Rations: What Can Be Employed to this Problem of Military Strategies Overcome?""; ""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Use of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Solutions for Fluid Replacement""; ""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH""; ""Nutritional Requirements for Work in Cold and High Altitude Environments""; ""References""; ""Appendixes""
""Appendix A Meetings of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research April 1, 1992�November 30, 1994""""Appendix B Biographical Sketches of Members of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research April 1, 1992-November""; ""Biographical Sketches of Members of the Committee on Military Nutrition Research""; ""Appendix C Letter Report: Research Progress Review of the Pennington Biomedical Research Center Submitted May 1992""; ""General Comments""; ""Specific Project Reviews""; ""Overall Conclusions and Recommendations""
""Appendix D Letter Military Review Proposals Nutrition of Three from the Biomedical Report: Committee on Research Research�""""OVERALL COMMENTS""; ""SPECIFIC PROJECT REVIEWS""; ""OVERALL CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Appendix E Conclusions and Recommendations from the Workshop Report: Body Composition and Physical Performance Submitted�""; ""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH""; ""Appendix F Conclusions and Recommendations from the Workshop Report: Nutritional Needs in Hot Environments Submitted March�""
""CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS""
Altri titoli varianti Activity report, 1994-1999
CMNR activity report 1994-1999
Record Nr. UNINA-9910806277403321
Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
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Fluid replacement and heat stress [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Fluid replacement and heat stress [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (254 p.)
Disciplina 616.989
Altri autori (Persone) NesheimRobert O
MarriottBernadette M
Soggetto topico Dehydration (Physiology)
Water-electrolyte imbalances
Exercise - Physiological aspects
Fluid therapy
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto ""FLUID REPLACEMENT AND HEAT STRESS""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Part I Executive Summary""; ""1 Committee Summary and Recommendations""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""FINDINGS FROM THE WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Part II Invited Papers""; ""2 Use of Electrolytes in Fluid Replacement Solutions: What Have We Learned From Intestinal Absorption Studies?""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""METHODS""; ""WATER AND ELECTROLYTE ABSORPTION""; ""Glucose-Stimulated Na+ Absorption""; ""Fructose Versus Glucose""; ""ANION TRANSPORT""; ""EFFECTS OF EXERCISE""
""SUMMARY AND NEEDED RESEARCH""""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""; ""3 Formulation of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Beverages""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""EFFECTS OF WITHHOLDING WATER BEFORE OR DURING PROLONGED EXERTION""; ""Early Experiments""; ""Reduced Plasma Volume and Increased Body Fluid Osmolality""; ""Increased Circulatory Strain""; ""Decreased Sweating Response""; ""Altered Electrolyte Distributions""; ""EFFECTS OF WATER AND SALINE FEEDINGS DURING PROLONGED EXERCISE""; ""Efficacy of Electrolyte Replacement During Prolonged Exertion""
""Summary of Effects of Water and Saline Replacement on Homeostasis During Prolonged Exertion""""HOW IMPORTANT IS THE GASTRIC EMPTYING RATE OF A BEVERAGE CONSUMED DURING PROLONGED EXERTION""; ""EVIDENCE THAT MODERATELY CONCENTRATED CARBOHYDRATE-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS ARE EFFECTIVE IN MAINTAINING�""; ""REFERENCES""; ""4 Considerations for Replacement Beverages: Fluid-Electrolyte Balance and Heat Illness""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""SALT DEFICITS""; ""POTENTIAL OVERCONSUMPTION OF SALT""; ""CASE REPORT A: TEN HEATSTROKE PATIENTS""; ""CASE REPORT B: HEAT EXHAUSTION IN PANAMA""
""CASE REPORT C: HEAT EXHAUSTION AMONG RESERVISTS IN TEXAS""""SCENARIO-SPECIFIC NEEDS""; ""SUMMARY""; ""REFERENCES""; ""Appendix 1 A CASE REPORT FROM FORT BRAGG""; ""Appendix 2 CASE STUDY FROM GRENADA""; ""5 Carbohydrate Supplements During and Immediately Post Exercise""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTS DURING EXERCISE""; ""Continuous Exercise""; ""Intermittent Exercise""; ""Summary""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTS IMMEDIATELY AFTER EXERCISE""; ""Glycogen Storage Immediately After Exercise""; ""Time of Postexercise Carbohydrate Consumption""
""The Effect of Multiple Supplements and Different Amounts of Glucose Polymer""""Effect of Glucose Infusion""; ""Differences in the Simple Carbohydrates""; ""Summary""; ""REFERENCES""; ""6 Gastric Emptying During Exercise: Influence of Carbohydrate Concentration, Carbohydrate Source, an ...""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SOURCE""; ""EXERCISE INTENSITY""; ""INDIVIDUALITY OF GASTRIC EMPTYING RATES""; ""EFFECTS OF GASTRIC EMPTYING METHODOLOGY""; ""MILITARY APPLICATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""
""7 Interaction of Water Bioavailability, Thermoregulation, and Exercise Performance""
Record Nr. UNINA-9910449858203321
Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1994
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Fluid replacement and heat stress [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Fluid replacement and heat stress [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (254 p.)
Disciplina 616.989
Altri autori (Persone) NesheimRobert O
MarriottBernadette M
Soggetto topico Dehydration (Physiology)
Water-electrolyte imbalances
Exercise - Physiological aspects
Fluid therapy
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto ""FLUID REPLACEMENT AND HEAT STRESS""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Part I Executive Summary""; ""1 Committee Summary and Recommendations""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""FINDINGS FROM THE WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Part II Invited Papers""; ""2 Use of Electrolytes in Fluid Replacement Solutions: What Have We Learned From Intestinal Absorption Studies?""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""METHODS""; ""WATER AND ELECTROLYTE ABSORPTION""; ""Glucose-Stimulated Na+ Absorption""; ""Fructose Versus Glucose""; ""ANION TRANSPORT""; ""EFFECTS OF EXERCISE""
""SUMMARY AND NEEDED RESEARCH""""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""; ""3 Formulation of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Beverages""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""EFFECTS OF WITHHOLDING WATER BEFORE OR DURING PROLONGED EXERTION""; ""Early Experiments""; ""Reduced Plasma Volume and Increased Body Fluid Osmolality""; ""Increased Circulatory Strain""; ""Decreased Sweating Response""; ""Altered Electrolyte Distributions""; ""EFFECTS OF WATER AND SALINE FEEDINGS DURING PROLONGED EXERCISE""; ""Efficacy of Electrolyte Replacement During Prolonged Exertion""
""Summary of Effects of Water and Saline Replacement on Homeostasis During Prolonged Exertion""""HOW IMPORTANT IS THE GASTRIC EMPTYING RATE OF A BEVERAGE CONSUMED DURING PROLONGED EXERTION""; ""EVIDENCE THAT MODERATELY CONCENTRATED CARBOHYDRATE-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS ARE EFFECTIVE IN MAINTAINING�""; ""REFERENCES""; ""4 Considerations for Replacement Beverages: Fluid-Electrolyte Balance and Heat Illness""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""SALT DEFICITS""; ""POTENTIAL OVERCONSUMPTION OF SALT""; ""CASE REPORT A: TEN HEATSTROKE PATIENTS""; ""CASE REPORT B: HEAT EXHAUSTION IN PANAMA""
""CASE REPORT C: HEAT EXHAUSTION AMONG RESERVISTS IN TEXAS""""SCENARIO-SPECIFIC NEEDS""; ""SUMMARY""; ""REFERENCES""; ""Appendix 1 A CASE REPORT FROM FORT BRAGG""; ""Appendix 2 CASE STUDY FROM GRENADA""; ""5 Carbohydrate Supplements During and Immediately Post Exercise""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTS DURING EXERCISE""; ""Continuous Exercise""; ""Intermittent Exercise""; ""Summary""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTS IMMEDIATELY AFTER EXERCISE""; ""Glycogen Storage Immediately After Exercise""; ""Time of Postexercise Carbohydrate Consumption""
""The Effect of Multiple Supplements and Different Amounts of Glucose Polymer""""Effect of Glucose Infusion""; ""Differences in the Simple Carbohydrates""; ""Summary""; ""REFERENCES""; ""6 Gastric Emptying During Exercise: Influence of Carbohydrate Concentration, Carbohydrate Source, an ...""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SOURCE""; ""EXERCISE INTENSITY""; ""INDIVIDUALITY OF GASTRIC EMPTYING RATES""; ""EFFECTS OF GASTRIC EMPTYING METHODOLOGY""; ""MILITARY APPLICATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""
""7 Interaction of Water Bioavailability, Thermoregulation, and Exercise Performance""
Record Nr. UNINA-9910783451103321
Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1994
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Fluid replacement and heat stress [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Fluid replacement and heat stress [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (254 p.)
Disciplina 616.989
Altri autori (Persone) NesheimRobert O
MarriottBernadette M
Soggetto topico Dehydration (Physiology)
Water-electrolyte imbalances
Exercise - Physiological aspects
Fluid therapy
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto ""FLUID REPLACEMENT AND HEAT STRESS""; ""Copyright""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Part I Executive Summary""; ""1 Committee Summary and Recommendations""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""FINDINGS FROM THE WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS""; ""AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""Part II Invited Papers""; ""2 Use of Electrolytes in Fluid Replacement Solutions: What Have We Learned From Intestinal Absorption Studies?""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""METHODS""; ""WATER AND ELECTROLYTE ABSORPTION""; ""Glucose-Stimulated Na+ Absorption""; ""Fructose Versus Glucose""; ""ANION TRANSPORT""; ""EFFECTS OF EXERCISE""
""SUMMARY AND NEEDED RESEARCH""""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""; ""3 Formulation of Carbohydrate-Electrolyte Beverages""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""EFFECTS OF WITHHOLDING WATER BEFORE OR DURING PROLONGED EXERTION""; ""Early Experiments""; ""Reduced Plasma Volume and Increased Body Fluid Osmolality""; ""Increased Circulatory Strain""; ""Decreased Sweating Response""; ""Altered Electrolyte Distributions""; ""EFFECTS OF WATER AND SALINE FEEDINGS DURING PROLONGED EXERCISE""; ""Efficacy of Electrolyte Replacement During Prolonged Exertion""
""Summary of Effects of Water and Saline Replacement on Homeostasis During Prolonged Exertion""""HOW IMPORTANT IS THE GASTRIC EMPTYING RATE OF A BEVERAGE CONSUMED DURING PROLONGED EXERTION""; ""EVIDENCE THAT MODERATELY CONCENTRATED CARBOHYDRATE-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS ARE EFFECTIVE IN MAINTAINING�""; ""REFERENCES""; ""4 Considerations for Replacement Beverages: Fluid-Electrolyte Balance and Heat Illness""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""SALT DEFICITS""; ""POTENTIAL OVERCONSUMPTION OF SALT""; ""CASE REPORT A: TEN HEATSTROKE PATIENTS""; ""CASE REPORT B: HEAT EXHAUSTION IN PANAMA""
""CASE REPORT C: HEAT EXHAUSTION AMONG RESERVISTS IN TEXAS""""SCENARIO-SPECIFIC NEEDS""; ""SUMMARY""; ""REFERENCES""; ""Appendix 1 A CASE REPORT FROM FORT BRAGG""; ""Appendix 2 CASE STUDY FROM GRENADA""; ""5 Carbohydrate Supplements During and Immediately Post Exercise""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTS DURING EXERCISE""; ""Continuous Exercise""; ""Intermittent Exercise""; ""Summary""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTS IMMEDIATELY AFTER EXERCISE""; ""Glycogen Storage Immediately After Exercise""; ""Time of Postexercise Carbohydrate Consumption""
""The Effect of Multiple Supplements and Different Amounts of Glucose Polymer""""Effect of Glucose Infusion""; ""Differences in the Simple Carbohydrates""; ""Summary""; ""REFERENCES""; ""6 Gastric Emptying During Exercise: Influence of Carbohydrate Concentration, Carbohydrate Source, an ...""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATION""; ""CARBOHYDRATE SOURCE""; ""EXERCISE INTENSITY""; ""INDIVIDUALITY OF GASTRIC EMPTYING RATES""; ""EFFECTS OF GASTRIC EMPTYING METHODOLOGY""; ""MILITARY APPLICATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""
""7 Interaction of Water Bioavailability, Thermoregulation, and Exercise Performance""
Record Nr. UNINA-9910812063203321
Washington, DC, : National Academy Press, 1994
Materiale a stampa
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Food components to enhance performance [[electronic resource] ] : an evaluation of potential performance-enhancing food components for operational rations / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Food components to enhance performance [[electronic resource] ] : an evaluation of potential performance-enhancing food components for operational rations / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica xv, 543 p. : ill
Disciplina 355.3/45
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
Soggetto topico Soldiers - United States - Nutrition
Operational rations (Military supplies)
Stress (Physiology) - Nutritional aspects
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-280-21090-7
9786610210909
0-309-56869-2
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910456458903321
Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
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Food components to enhance performance : an evaluation of potential performance-enhancing food components for operational rations / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Food components to enhance performance : an evaluation of potential performance-enhancing food components for operational rations / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica xv, 543 p. : ill
Disciplina 355.3/45
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
Soggetto topico Soldiers - United States - Nutrition
Operational rations (Military supplies)
Stress (Physiology) - Nutritional aspects
ISBN 1-280-21090-7
9786610210909
0-309-56869-2
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910780012503321
Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Food components to enhance performance : an evaluation of potential performance-enhancing food components for operational rations / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Food components to enhance performance : an evaluation of potential performance-enhancing food components for operational rations / / Committee on Military Nutrition Research, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Bernadette M. Marriott, editor
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
Descrizione fisica xv, 543 p. : ill
Disciplina 355.3/45
Altri autori (Persone) MarriottBernadette M
Soggetto topico Soldiers - United States - Nutrition
Operational rations (Military supplies)
Stress (Physiology) - Nutritional aspects
ISBN 1-280-21090-7
9786610210909
0-309-56869-2
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto FOOD COMPONENTS TO ENHANCE PERFORMANCE -- Copyright -- Preface -- FOCUS OF THE REPORT -- HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE -- COMMITTEE TASK AND PROCEDURES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Contents -- PART I Committee Summary and Recommendations -- 1 Introduction and Background -- THE COMMITTEE'S TASK -- Terms Used in This Report -- Report Organization -- MILITARY RESEARCH ON NUTRITIONAL ENHANCEMENT OF SOLDIER PERFORMANCE -- History and Current Research -- Design Issues for Rations -- Biochemical Strategies and Issues -- PERFORMANCE ISSUES AND MEASUREMENT APPROPRIATE TO THE MILITARY -- Physical Performance -- Mental Performance -- PROVIDING FOOD IN THE CONTEXT OF MILITARY COMBAT SETTINGS -- STRESS AND NUTRIENT INTERACTIONS -- The Central Nervous System -- Endocrine System Responses to Stress -- Immune System Responses to Stress -- Metabolic Responses to Stress and Activity -- POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING FOOD COMPONENTS -- Physical Performance Enhancement -- Food Components that May Enhance Mental Performance -- Nutrients on Neurotransmitter release -- SPECIFIC FOOD COMPONENTS -- Tyrosine -- Carbohydrates -- Glucose -- Structured Lipids -- Choline -- Functions of Choline -- Dietary Choline and Choline Deficiency -- Potential Areas of Clinical and Military Interest -- Caffeine -- Carnitine -- SAFETY AND REGULATORY ASPECTS OF POTENTIAL PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING FOOD COMPONENTS -- Safety of Amino Acids -- Regulation of Food Components by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration1 -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 2 Conclusions and Recommendations -- CONCLUSIONS -- GENERAL CONCLUSIONS -- General Concepts of Performance Enhancement -- Food Components or Nutrients that Offer Potential to Enhance Performance -- Other Food Components of Theoretical Importance but Low Probability of Improving Performance -- ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS POSED TO THE COMMITTEE.
RECOMMENDATIONS -- General -- Recommendations Regarding Food Components Proposed by the Army -- Specific Recommendations -- Other Areas that Offer Research Potential -- AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH -- REFERENCES -- PART II Background and Introduction to the Topic -- 3 Nutritional Enhancement of Soldier Performance at the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environment... -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODOLOGY -- MACRONUTRIENT AND PERFORMANCE RESEARCH AT USARIEM -- Carbohydrate and Work at High Altitude -- Carbohydrate and Thermoregulation During Cold Exposure -- Carbohydrate and Work in the Heat -- Carbohydrate and Load-Bearing Work and Marksmanship -- NUTRITIONAL PHARMACOLOGY (CAFFEINE RESEARCH) -- NUTRITIONAL NEUROTRANSMITTER RESEARCH (TYROSINE) -- CURRENT USARIEM NUTRITION AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT RESEARCH -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 4 Optimizing the Design of Combat Rations -- INTRODUCTION -- OPTIMIZATION CONSIDERATIONS -- SELF-HEATING INDIVIDUAL MEAL MODULE -- Component Preservation -- Self-Heating -- Consumer Acceptance -- NUTRITIONAL ENGINEERING FOR PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT -- Basic Performance-Nutrient Concept -- Goal Programming -- Experimental Diets -- Tailored-Ration System -- SUMMARY: THE CHALLENGE -- REFERENCES -- 5 Biochemical Strategies for Ration Design: Concerns of Bioavailability -- INTRODUCTION -- PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR RATION DESIGN -- BIOCHEMICAL STRATEGIES FOR CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF NUTRIENTS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- PART III Military Issues -- 6 Evaluation of Physical Performance -- INTRODUCTION -- PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE FACTORS AND THEIR EVALUATION -- Physiological Factors -- Metabolic Capacity -- Neuromotor Control -- Substrates and Tissue Homeostasis -- Assessment of Submaximal Endurance Capacity -- Laboratory Tests of Aerobic Endurance -- Field Task Tests of Aerobic Endurance.
RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Performance During Continuous Combat Operations -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 8 The Role of Context in Behavioral Effects of Foods -- INTRODUCTION -- DETERMINING A BASELINE -- EXPECTANCY -- CONTROLLING THE FOOD, STIMULUS, AND TREATMENT -- PEOPLE -- Individual Differences -- Clinical Disorders -- Social Influence -- CHEMICALS, FOODS, AND MEALS -- PERFORMANCE AND MOOD OUTCOMES -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- PART IV Stress and Nutrient Interactions: Metabolic Consequences -- 9 Stress and Monoamine Neurons in the Brain -- INTRODUCTION -- SYNTHESIS OF MONOAMINES IN THE BRAIN -- Dopamine and Norepinephrine -- Serotonin -- STRESS AND BRAIN NOREPINEPHRINE -- Acute Stress -- Chronic Stress -- STRESS AND BRAIN DOPAMINE -- Acute Stress -- Chronic Stress -- STRESS AND BRAIN SEROTONIN -- Acute Stress -- Chronic Stress -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- 10 Endocrine and Immune System Responses to Stress -- INTRODUCTION -- HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES -- Contributions of Hans Selye -- Studies of Endogenous Pyrogen -- Studies of Infectious Stress -- Studies in Ranger Trainees -- Immunological Progress -- ENDOCRINE RESPONSES TO STRESS -- Catecholamines -- Adrenocortical Responses -- CRF and ACTH -- Adrenal Glucocorticoids -- ADRENAL MINERALOCORTICOIDS -- Growth Hormone -- Thyroidal Responses -- Other Pituitary Hormones -- Testosterone -- Pancreatic Hormones -- Intestinal Hormones -- Other Hormones and Neuroendocrines -- IMMUNE SYSTEM RESPONSES TO STRESS -- Changes in Lymphoid Cells and Tissues -- Lymphocyte Counts in Stress -- Humoral Immunity and Stress -- Cell-Mediated Immunity and Stress -- Lymphocyte Responses to Mitogens -- Natural Killer Cell Activity -- Cytokine Responses to Stress.
Microbicidal and Tumoricidal Effects of NO -- The Immunological Role of Arginine -- The Acute Phase Reaction -- Interleukin-1 -- Tumor Necrosis Factor -- Interleukin-6 -- Potential Importance of Stress Proteins -- Military Aspects of the Acute-Phase Reaction -- Malnutrition and Immune System Dysfunctions -- Nutritional Support for the Immune System -- HORMONAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS DURING STRESS -- Hormonal Effects on Immune System Functions -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 11 The Metabolic Responses to Stress and Physical Activity -- INTRODUCTION -- UNDERLYING CONCEPTS -- THE FOCUS ON FUEL METABOLISM -- Metabolic Fuel Homeostasis During Physical Exercise -- Fuel Homeostasis Under Baseline Conditions -- Fuel Homeostasis During Exercise -- Levels of Metabolic Integration During Exercise -- FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FUEL UTILIZATION DURING EXERCISE -- BICYCLE ERGOMETER STUDIES -- ENDOCRINE INTERACTIONS -- INFORMATION DERIVED USING THE PANCREATIC CLAMP TECHNIQUE -- INFORMATION FROM OTHER ANIMAL MODELS -- INTERPRETATIONS OF THE METABOLIC DATA -- SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART V Potential Performance-Enhancing Food Components -- 12 Food Components That May Optimize Physical Performance: An Overview -- INTRODUCTION -- ACTIONS OF SPECIFIC FOODS AND DERIVATIVES OF FOOD PRODUCTS -- Ergogenic Aids That Act as Central or Peripheral Nervous System Stimulants -- Ergogenic Aids That Increase the Stored Amount or Availability of a Limiting Substrate -- Ergogenic Aids That Act as a Supplemental Fuel Source or Reduce Reliance on a Limiting Fuel Store -- Ergogenic Aids That Reduce or Neutralize Metabolic By-Products -- Ergogenic Aids That Enhance Recovery -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 13 Effects of Nutrients on Neurotransmitter Release1 -- INTRODUCTION.
FOOD CONSUMPTION, TRYPTOPHAN AVAILABILITY, AND BRAIN SEROTONIN SYNTHESIS -- BRAIN SEROTONIN, NUTRIENT CHOICE, AND CARBOHYDRATE CRAVING -- UNDER WHAT CIRCUMSTANCES WILL NUTRIENT INTAKE AFFECT NEUROTRANSMISSION? -- TYROSINE EFFECT ON DOPAMINE AND NOREPINEPHRINE SYNTHESIS -- EFFECTS OF CHOLINE ON SYNTHESIS OF ACETYLCHOLINE AND PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- 14 Performance-Enhancing Effects of Protein and Amino Acids -- INTRODUCTION -- EFFECT OF DIETARY PROTEIN: LONG-TERM CONSIDERATIONS -- EFFECT OF DIETARY PROTEIN: SHORT-TERM CONSIDERATIONS -- ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL AAS OR MIXTURES OF AAS -- ROLE OF DIET IN MODULATING RESPONSE TO AA SUPPLEMENTATION -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- 15 Tyrosine and Stress: Human and Animal Studies -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND -- Precursor Coupling -- Catecholamines and Stress -- Acute Behavioral Consequences of Combat -- TYROSINE AND ACUTE STRESS: STUDIES IN ANIMALS -- TYROSINE AND ACUTE STRESS: STUDIES IN HUMANS -- Hypobaric Hypoxia -- Acute Cardiovascular Stress -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- 16 Tyrosine and Glucose Modulation of Cognitive Deficits Resulting from Cold Stress -- INTRODUCTION -- COLD STRESS AND WORKING MEMORY -- TYROSINE EFFECTS ON COLD-INDUCED MEMORY IMPAIRMENT -- Cold-Induced Amnesia as a Stress Effect -- Initial Studies with Tyrosine -- Tyrosine Studies During Field Operations in the Cold -- The Effects of Tyrosine on Cold-Induced Impairment in Timing -- Conclusions and Recommendations Regarding the Use of Tyrosine -- Situations in Which Tyrosine is Less Effective -- Tyrosine and Chronic Stress -- Conditions in Which Tyrosine Would Be Contraindicated -- GLUCOSE EFFECTS ON COLD-INDUCED MEMORY IMPAIRMENT -- Mechanisms of Action of Glucose on Working Memory.
Conclusions and Recommendations Regarding Glucose as a Cognition Enhancer.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910817381303321
Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
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