Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface -- List of Topics -- Economics of Wildland Fire/ WUI Fire Mitigation -- Environmental Issues -- Evacuation and Emergency Management in WUI Communities -- Exposure Threats to Structures in the WUI -- Fire Characterization Parameters -- Fire Detection Methods -- Fire Weather -- Measurement Techniques -- Physical Transport Processes in the Wildland/WUI Fire Environment -- Tools to Estimate Risk in the WUI -- Tools to Understand Fire Spread Through WUI Communities -- Wildland and WUI Fire Statistical Data -- Wildland Fire Behavior -- Wildland Fire Ecology -- Wildland Fire Fighting Equipment -- Wildland Fire Fighting Locations -- Wildland Fire Fighting Personnel -- Wildland Fire Fighting Safety -- Wildland Fire Fighting Tactics -- Wildland Fire Fuels -- Wildland Fire Mitigation -- Wildland Fire Overview -- Wildland Fire Spread Models -- Wildland Fire Topography -- Wildland-Urban Interface Overview -- WUI Fire Spread Mitigation -- WUI Structure Ignition Vulnerabilities -- About the Editor -- About the Section Editors -- List of Contributors -- A -- Active Fire Detection Algorithms -- Active Perimeter -- Activity Fuels -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Types of Activity Fuels -- Activity Fuel Longevity -- Estimating Fuel Loading and Fire Behavior Potential of Activity Fuels -- Activity Fuel and the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Aerial Delivery Systems -- Aerial Fuels -- Airborne Remote Sensing of Wildland Fire -- Airborne Remote Systems -- Airborne Sensor System -- Airborne Wildfire Detection -- Airborne-Based Fire Detection -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Manned and Unmanned Airborne Fire Detection Sensors -- Airborne Remote Sensing Fire Detection -- Cross-References -- References -- Airtankers -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Airtanker Types.
Airtanker Testing -- Airtanker Development -- Cross-References -- References -- Airway -- Anabatic Wind -- Ancillary Structures -- Arrival Center -- Aspect -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Effect on the Fire Environment -- Cross-References -- References -- Atmospheric Moisture -- Atmospheric Turbulence -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Ambient Atmospheric Turbulence Overview -- Atmospheric Turbulence and Wildland Fires -- Observational Studies -- Modeling Studies -- Cross-References -- References -- Automatic Surveillance Methods -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Automatic Video-Based Wildfire Surveillance Systems -- Technical Realization of Automatic Wildfire Surveillance Systems -- Limitations and Future of Automatic Wildfire Surveillance Systems -- Cross-References -- References -- Automatic Wildfire Monitoring -- B -- Backing Fire -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Predicting Backing Fire Behavior -- Ignition Patterns -- Operational Control and Safety -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- Barriers -- Base Camp -- Bladder Bag -- Blow-Up -- Definition -- Introduction -- Factors that Contribute to Sudden Increase of Fire Behavior -- Crown Fires and Spotting -- Blow-Ups and Plume-Dominated Fires -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Borate Bombers -- Brands -- Breakover -- Breeze -- Brown Off -- Building and Fire Codes -- Building and Fire Ordinances -- Building and Fire Regulations -- Building and Fire Standards -- Building Codes and Standards for New Construction -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction to Building Codes and Standards -- Wildland-Urban Interface Codes and Standards -- Wildland/Wildland-Urban Interface Fire -- Fuel Package -- Ignition from Direct Flame Contact, Thermal Radiation, or Firebrands -- Weather -- Terrain.
Using Building Codes to Mitigate the Impact of Wildland/ Wildland-Urban Interface Fires -- Identifying Vulnerable Structures and Future Building Sites -- Characterizing Wildland Fire Exposure -- Implementing Fuel Management, Fire-Resistant Material, and Construction Design -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Burn Out and Backfire/Backfiring -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Discussion -- Burn Out vs. Backfire/Backfiring -- Cross-References -- Burn Severity -- Burn Severity Imaging -- Burning Period -- Definition -- Introduction -- Variation and Factors -- Use in Fire Operations -- Use in Fire Behavior Modeling -- Cross-References -- References -- Burning Rate -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Overall Combustion -- Burning Rate of Cribs -- Linear Fire Front -- Pool Fire Burning Rates -- Fire Whirl Burning Rates -- Cross-References -- References -- Burnover -- Bush Fire -- Bushfire -- Bushfires -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Fire Regimes in Australia -- Bushfire Ecology -- "Traditional" Fire Management -- Social and Economic Impact of Bushfire -- Contemporary Bushfire Management -- Cross-References -- References -- Byram's Fire Intensity -- C -- Canopy Cover -- Canopy Fire -- Canopy Fuel -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Acronyms -- Introduction -- Crown Fire Modeling -- Canopy Fuel Profile -- Canopy Fuel Variables -- Canopy Bulk Density (CBD, Kg m−3) -- Canopy Base Height (CBH, m) and Canopy Height (CH, m) -- Canopy Fuel Load (CFL, Kg m-2) -- Canopy Cover (CC, %) -- Canopy Fuel Sampling and Estimation -- Canopy Fuel Ambiguity -- Cross-References -- References -- Canopy Gap Fraction -- Canopy Scorch Height -- Canopy Shading -- Canyon Fire -- Canyons -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Properties of Fire Spread in Canyons -- Fire Safety in Canyons -- Mann Gulch -- Storm King -- Freixo -- Famalicão da Serra -- Kornati -- Cross-References.
References -- Cardinal Directions -- Case Study -- Chaparral -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Chaparral Types -- Chaparral Plants -- Fire in Chaparral -- Chaparral Management -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Characteristic Surface-Area-to-Volume -- Chimney Effect -- City Planning -- Class A foam -- Climbing Vines -- Close Call -- Coarse Woody Debris -- Coexisting with Fire -- Combi -- Combustible External Elements -- Combustion -- Definition and Introduction -- Fundamentals of Combustion -- Combustion Waves -- Ignition, Extinction, and Flammability -- Premixed Flames -- Diffusion Flames -- Cross-References -- References -- Combustion Products -- Command Center -- Community Risk Reduction -- Compass Bearing -- Compass Directions -- Comprehensive Conservation Plans -- Computational Evacuation Modeling in Wildfires -- Definition -- Introduction -- Fire Modeling -- People Response Modeling -- People Movement Modeling -- Traffic Modeling -- Key Challenges -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Computational Fluid Dynamics -- Conduction -- Definition -- Basic Concepts -- Thermal Conductivity -- Steady-State Conduction -- Boundary Conditions -- Transient Conduction -- The Infinite 1-D Solid Slab Analytical Solution -- Importance of Conduction to Wildland and WUI Fires -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Consensus Building Standards -- Convection -- Definition -- Basic Concepts -- Non-dimensional Numbers and Evaluation of Convective Heat Transfer Coefficient -- Effect of Turbulence -- Mixed Convection -- Effect of Blowing -- Isothermal Flat Plate in Laminar Parallel Flow -- Importance to Wildland and WUI Fires -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Coordination Center -- Coordination Personnel -- Coordination System Locations -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Coordination System Locations.
Cost of Compliance -- Cost of Suppression -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Different Suppression Resources: Types, Uses, and Costs -- Ground Resources -- Aerial Resources -- Initial Attack vs. Extended Attack -- Drivers of Suppression Costs -- Suppression Cost Examples -- Western Australia -- USA -- Spain -- Challenges and Concerns -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Costs of Mechanical Fuel Reduction Treatments -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Timber Harvests -- Baling and Bundling -- Mastication -- Equipment Selection -- Operational Characteristics -- Costs -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Costs of WUI Codes and Standards for New Construction -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- WUI Codes -- Cost of Implementing WUI Codes -- Roof Vulnerabilities, Codes, and Costs -- Exterior Wall, Window, and Door Vulnerabilities, Codes, and Costs -- Deck Vulnerabilities, Codes, and Costs -- Near-Home Landscaping Vulnerabilities, Codes, and Costs -- Maintenance -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Interactions -- Definition -- Introduction -- Fire-Atmosphere Coupling and Pyro-Vortices -- Fire-Atmosphere Coupling and Pyro-tornadogenesis -- Fire-Atmosphere Interactions in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) -- Fire-Atmosphere Interactions on the Mesoscale -- Fire-Atmosphere Interactions with Terrain-Forcing -- Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Interactions in the WUI -- Cross-References -- References -- Coyote Camp -- Creeping Fire -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Fire Characteristics and Effects -- Fire Control -- Predicting Fire Spread -- Summary -- Cross-References -- References -- Creeping Ground Fire -- Creeping Surface Fire -- Crown Fire -- Synonyms -- Definition -- Introduction -- Understanding Crown Fires -- Types of Crown Fires -- Passive Crown Fire.
Active Crown Fire.
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