| Nota di contenuto |
Cover Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Preface -- OUTLINE -- Chapter 1. The Constitutionalization of Criminal Procedure -- 1.1 Introduction -- (a) Coverage -- (b) The criminal procedure provisions of the Constitution -- (c) Constitutionalization by judicial interpretation -- 1.2 Application of the Bill of Rights Guarantees to the States -- (a) Introduction -- (b) From fundamental rights to selective incorporation -- (c) The incorporated rights -- (d) Incorporation of federal-context precedent -- 1.3 "Free-Standing" Due Process -- (a) Scope -- (b) Interpretive Standards -- (c) Substantive Due Process -- 1.4 Guideposts for Constitutional Interpretation -- (a) Text -- (b) Giving priority to reliability guarantees -- (c) Original meaning -- (d) The use of per se rules -- (e) The use of prophylactic requirements -- (f) Administrative burdens -- Chapter 2. Arrest, Search and Seizure -- 2.1 Introduction -- (a) The Fourth Amendment -- (b) Seizure of the person -- (c) The major issues -- 2.2 Protected Areas and Interests -- (a) Property interests vs. privacy interests -- (b) Plain view, smell and hearing -- (c) Residential premises -- (d) Other premises and places -- (e) Vehicles -- (f) Personal characteristics -- (g) Effects -- (h) Surveillance of relationships and movements -- 2.3 "Probable Cause" and Related Problems -- (a) When and why "probable cause" in issue -- (b) Degree of probability -- (c) Information to be considered -- (d) Information from informants -- (e) Information from other sources -- (f) Unconstitutional statute -- 2.4 Search Warrants: Issuance -- (a) Who may issue -- (b) Passage of time since facts gathered -- (c) Anticipatory warrants -- (d) Particular description of place or person to be searched -- (e) Particular description of things to be seized -- 2.5 Search Warrants: Execution -- (a) Time of execution.
(b) Entry without notice -- (c) Detention and search of persons on the premises to be searched -- (d) Seizure of items not named in the warrant -- (e) Notice -- 2.6 Warrantless Searches and Seizures of Persons -- (a) Arrest -- (b) Search incident to arrest -- (c) Time of search -- inventory -- (d) "Subterfuge" and unnecessary arrests -- (e) The booking process -- 2.7 Warrantless Searches and Seizures of Premises -- (a) Entry to arrest -- (b) Entry without notice -- (c) Search incident to and after arrest -- (d) Plain view -- (e) Search to prevent loss of evidence -- 2.8 Warrantless Searches and Seizures of Automobiles -- (a) Search incident to arrest -- (b) Search on probable cause -- (c) Search of containers and persons therein -- (d) Inventory -- (e) Other seizure of vehicles -- 2.9 Stop-and-Frisk and Other Brief Detention -- (a) Background -- (b) Temporary seizure for investigation -- (c) No seizure and arrest distinguished -- (d) Protective search -- (e) Brief detention at the station -- 2.10 Grand Jury Subpoenas -- 2.11 Inspections -- Regulatory Searches -- (a) Inspection of premises -- (b) Border searches -- (c) Driver's license, vehicle registration and DWI checks -- (d) Airport inspections -- (e) Supervision of prisoners, probationers and parolees -- (f) Supervision of students -- (g) Supervision of employees -- 2.12 Consent Searches -- (a) Background -- (b) Warning of rights -- (c) Consent subsequent to a claim of authority -- (d) Other relevant factors -- (e) Scope of consent -- (f) Consent by deception -- 2.13 Third Party Consent -- (a) Background -- (b) Relationship of third party to defendant and place searched -- (c) Apparent authority -- (d) Exclusive control -- Chapter 3. Wiretapping, Electronic Eavesdropping, and the Use of Secret Agents -- 3.1 Historical Background -- Application of Fourth Amendment.
(a) The Olmstead case -- (b) Section 605 -- (c) Non-telephonic electronic eavesdropping -- 3.2 Constitutionality of Title III of the Crime Control Act -- (a) Background -- (b) Summary of Title III -- (c) Continued surveillance -- (d) Lack of notice -- (e) Other considerations -- 3.3 The Use of Secret Agents to Obtain Incriminating Statements -- (a) "Wired" agents: On Lee and Lopez -- (b) Without "bugging": Lewis and Hoffa -- (c) The impact of Katz -- 3.4 The Use of Secret Agents to "Encourage" Criminal Conduct -- (a) Entrapment -- (b) Possible constitutional bases -- Chapter 4. Police Interrogation and Confessions -- 4.1 Introduction -- (a) The confession dilemma -- (b) The Supreme Court's response -- 4.2 The "Voluntariness"-"Totality of Circumstances" Test -- (a) Objectives of the test -- (b) The relevant circumstances -- (c) Administration of the test -- 4.3 The Right to Counsel -- (a) Pre-Escobedo developments -- (b) The Escobedo case -- (c) The meaning of Escobedo -- (d) The Williams case -- (e) When the right attaches -- (f) Waiver of counsel -- (g) Infringement of the right -- (h) Critique of counsel approach -- (i) The Crime Control Act -- 4.4 The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination -- (a) The privilege in the police station -- (b) The Miranda rules -- (c) Criticism of Miranda -- (d) The Crime Control Act -- 4.5 Miranda: What Offenses Are Covered? -- (a) Traffic and other minor offenses -- (b) Tax investigations -- (c) Proceeding at which confession offered -- 4.6 Miranda: When Is Interrogation "Custodial"? -- (a) "Custody" vs. "focus" -- (b) Purpose of the custody -- (c) Subjective vs. objective approach -- (d) Presence at station -- (e) Presence elsewhere -- 4.7 Miranda: What Constitutes "Interrogation"? -- (a) "Volunteered" statements -- (b) Follow-up questioning -- (c) The "functional equivalent" of questioning.
(d) Purpose of the questioning -- (e) Questioning by non-police -- 4.8 Miranda: What Warnings Are Required? -- (a) Adequacy of the warnings -- (b) "Cutting off" the warnings -- (c) Multiple interrogation sessions -- (d) Additional admonitions -- 4.9 Miranda: What Constitutes Waiver? -- (a) Express or implied -- (b) Facts bearing on the waiver -- (c) Waiver after assertion of rights -- Chapter 5. Lineups and Other Pretrial Identification Procedures -- 5.1 The Privilege Against Self-Incrimination -- (a) The Schmerber case -- (b) Application to pretrial identification -- (c) Consequences of failure to cooperate -- (d) Change in appearance -- 5.2 Right to Counsel and Confrontation: Lineups -- (a) Procedures required -- (b) Waiver or substitution of counsel -- (c) Consequences of violation -- (d) Role of counsel -- (e) Pre-indictment identifications -- 5.3 Right to Counsel and Confrontation: Other Procedures -- (a) The use of pictures -- (b) Scientific methods -- 5.4 Due Process: "The Totality of the Circumstances" -- (a) Generally -- (b) "Arranged by law enforcement" -- (c) Lineups -- (d) The use of pictures -- (e) One-man showups -- (f) In-court identifications -- Chapter 6. The Exclusionary Rules and Their Application -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Fifth and Sixth Amendment and Due Process Exclusion -- (a) Fifth Amendment exclusion -- (b) Sixth Amendment exclusion -- (c) Due process exclusion -- 6.3 Fourth Amendment Exclusion -- (a) From Weeks to Mapp -- (b) Rejected theories -- (c) The "imperative of judicial integrity" -- (d) The deterrence rationale -- (e) Deterrence outweighed by costs -- 6.4 The "Good Faith" Exception -- (a) An exclusively Fourth Amendment doctrine -- (b) Police reliance upon a warrant -- (c) Police reliance upon a statute -- (d) Police reliance on since-overruled court decision.
(e) Police reliance on civil authorities -- 6.5 Application to Proceedings Other Than the Trial -- (a) Introduction -- (b) Grand jury proceedings -- (c) Parole revocation proceedings -- (d) Related civil or quasi-criminal proceedings -- (e) Administrative proceedings -- (f) Habeas corpus -- 6.6 Derivative Evidence -- (a) Fruits of the poisonous tree -- (b) The "independent source" limitation -- (c) The "inevitable discovery" limitation -- (d) The "purged taint" limitation -- (e) The illegal arrest as the poisonous tree -- (f) Multiple confessions -- (g) Miranda violations and the fruits doctrine -- 6.7 Impeachment -- (a) Fourth Amendment violations -- (b) Fifth Amendment evidence -- (c) Sixth Amendment violations -- (d) Defendant's silence -- (e) Third party impeachment -- 6.8 Standing -- (a) "Personal rights" analysis -- (b) Identifying the issue -- (c) Legitimate presence at the site of the search -- (d) Possessory interest in the premises -- (e) Property interest in the item seized -- (f) Establishing standing -- 6.9 Burden of Proof -- (a) Allocation of the burden -- (b) Quantum of proof -- Chapter 7. Right to Counsel -- 7.1 Sixth Amendment Right -- (a) Right to retained counsel -- (b) Right to appointed counsel -- (c) The misdemeanor, non-incarceration limitation -- (d) Scope of the "criminal prosecution" -- (e) The "critical stage" requirement -- 7.2 Other counsel and assistance rights -- (a) Due process/fair hearing right to counsel -- (b) Derivative right to counsel -- (c) Equal protection and appointed counsel -- (d) Assistance other than counsel -- 7.3 Right to Counsel: Stages of the Process -- (a) Police investigation -- (b) Grand jury proceedings -- (c) Initial appearance -- (d) Preliminary hearing -- (e) Arraignment -- (f) Trial -- (g) Sentencing, probation and parole -- (h) Appeals -- (i) Collateral proceedings.
7.4 Waiver of Counsel and the Right to Proceed Pro Se.
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Criminal procedure : constitutional limitations in a nutshell / / Jerold H. Israel, Wayne R. LaFave
