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Sound propagation [[electronic resource] ] : an impedance based approach / / Yang-Hann Kim
| Sound propagation [[electronic resource] ] : an impedance based approach / / Yang-Hann Kim |
| Autore | Kim Yang-Hann |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2010 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xvi, 341 p.) : ill |
| Disciplina | 534 |
| Soggetto topico |
Acoustic impedance
Sound - Transmission Sound-waves |
| ISBN |
1-282-81680-2
9786612816802 0-470-82585-5 0-470-82584-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | SOUND PROPAGATION: AN IMPEDANCE BASED APPROACH; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Vibration and Waves; 1.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 1.2 From String Vibration to Wave; 1.3 One-dimensional Wave Equation; 1.4 Specific Impedance (Reflection and Transmission); 1.5 The Governing Equation of a String; 1.6 Forced Response of a String: Driving Point Impedance; 1.7 Wave Energy Propagation along a String; 1.8 Chapter Summary; 1.9 Essentials of Vibration and Waves; 1.9.1 Single- and Two-degree of Freedom Vibration Systems; 1.9.2 Fourier Series and Fourier Integral; 1.9.3 Wave Phenomena of Bar, Beam, Membrane, and PlateExercises; 2 Acoustic Wave Equation and Its Basic Physical Measures; 2.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 2.2 One-dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation; 2.3 Acoustic Intensity and Energy; 2.4 The Units of Sound; 2.5 Analysis Methods of Linear Acoustic Wave Equation; 2.6 Solutions of the Wave Equation; 2.7 Chapter Summary; 2.8 Essentials of Wave Equations and Basic Physical Measures; 2.8.1 Three-dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation; 2.8.2 Velocity Potential Function; 2.8.3 Complex Intensity; 2.8.4 Singular Sources; Exercises; 3 Waves on a Flat Surface of Discontinuity3.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 3.2 Normal Incidence on a Flat Surface of Discontinuity; 3.3 The Mass Law (Reflection and Transmission due to a Limp Wall); 3.4 Transmission Loss at a Partition; 3.5 Oblique Incidence (Snell's Law); 3.6 Transmission and Reflection of an Infinite Plate; 3.7 The Reflection and Transmission of a Finite Structure; 3.8 Chapter Summary; 3.9 Essentials of Sound Waves on a Flat Surface of Discontinuity; 3.9.1 Locally Reacting Surface; 3.9.2 Transmission Loss by a Partition; 3.9.3 Transmission and Reflection in Layers; 3.9.4 Snell's Law When the Incidence Angle is Larger than the Critical Angle3.9.5 Transmission Coefficient of a Finite Plate; Exercises; 4 Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction; 4.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 4.2 Radiation of a Breathing Sphere and a Trembling Sphere; 4.3 Radiation from a Baffled Piston; 4.4 Radiation from a Finite Vibrating Plate; 4.5 Diffraction and Scattering; 4.6 Chapter Summary; 4.7 Essentials of Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction; 4.7.1 Definitions of Physical Quantities Representing Directivity; 4.7.2 The Radiated Sound Field from an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston4.7.3 Sound Field at an Arbitrary Position Radiated by an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston; 4.7.4 Understanding Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction Using the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz Integral Equation; 4.7.5 Scattered Sound Field Using the Rayleigh Integral Equation; 4.7.6 Theoretical Approach to Diffraction Phenomenon; Exercises; 5 Acoustics in a Closed Space; 5.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 5.2 Acoustic Characteristics of a Closed Space; 5.3 Theory for Acoustically Large Space (Sabine's theory); 5.4 Direct and Reverberant Field; 5.5 Analysis Methods for a Closed Space; 5.6 Characteristics of Sound in a Small Space; 5.7 Duct Acoustics; 5.8 Chapter Summary; 5.9 Essentials of Acoustics in a Closed Space; 5.9.1 Methods for Measuring Absorption Coefficient; 5.9.2 Various Reverberation Time Prediction Formulae; 5.9.3 Sound Pressure Distribution in Closed 3D Space Using Mode Function; 5.9.4 Analytic Solution of 1D Cavity Interior Field with Any Boundary Condition; 5.9.5 Helmholtz Resonator Array Panels; Exercises; Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910140760103321 |
Kim Yang-Hann
|
||
| Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2010 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Sound propagation : an impedance based approach / / Yang-Hann Kim
| Sound propagation : an impedance based approach / / Yang-Hann Kim |
| Autore | Kim Yang-Hann |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2010 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xvi, 341 p.) : ill |
| Disciplina | 534 |
| Soggetto topico |
Acoustic impedance
Sound - Transmission Sound-waves |
| ISBN |
9786612816802
9781282816800 1282816802 9780470825853 0470825855 9780470825846 0470825847 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | SOUND PROPAGATION: AN IMPEDANCE BASED APPROACH; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Vibration and Waves; 1.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 1.2 From String Vibration to Wave; 1.3 One-dimensional Wave Equation; 1.4 Specific Impedance (Reflection and Transmission); 1.5 The Governing Equation of a String; 1.6 Forced Response of a String: Driving Point Impedance; 1.7 Wave Energy Propagation along a String; 1.8 Chapter Summary; 1.9 Essentials of Vibration and Waves; 1.9.1 Single- and Two-degree of Freedom Vibration Systems; 1.9.2 Fourier Series and Fourier Integral; 1.9.3 Wave Phenomena of Bar, Beam, Membrane, and PlateExercises; 2 Acoustic Wave Equation and Its Basic Physical Measures; 2.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 2.2 One-dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation; 2.3 Acoustic Intensity and Energy; 2.4 The Units of Sound; 2.5 Analysis Methods of Linear Acoustic Wave Equation; 2.6 Solutions of the Wave Equation; 2.7 Chapter Summary; 2.8 Essentials of Wave Equations and Basic Physical Measures; 2.8.1 Three-dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation; 2.8.2 Velocity Potential Function; 2.8.3 Complex Intensity; 2.8.4 Singular Sources; Exercises; 3 Waves on a Flat Surface of Discontinuity3.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 3.2 Normal Incidence on a Flat Surface of Discontinuity; 3.3 The Mass Law (Reflection and Transmission due to a Limp Wall); 3.4 Transmission Loss at a Partition; 3.5 Oblique Incidence (Snell's Law); 3.6 Transmission and Reflection of an Infinite Plate; 3.7 The Reflection and Transmission of a Finite Structure; 3.8 Chapter Summary; 3.9 Essentials of Sound Waves on a Flat Surface of Discontinuity; 3.9.1 Locally Reacting Surface; 3.9.2 Transmission Loss by a Partition; 3.9.3 Transmission and Reflection in Layers; 3.9.4 Snell's Law When the Incidence Angle is Larger than the Critical Angle3.9.5 Transmission Coefficient of a Finite Plate; Exercises; 4 Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction; 4.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 4.2 Radiation of a Breathing Sphere and a Trembling Sphere; 4.3 Radiation from a Baffled Piston; 4.4 Radiation from a Finite Vibrating Plate; 4.5 Diffraction and Scattering; 4.6 Chapter Summary; 4.7 Essentials of Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction; 4.7.1 Definitions of Physical Quantities Representing Directivity; 4.7.2 The Radiated Sound Field from an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston4.7.3 Sound Field at an Arbitrary Position Radiated by an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston; 4.7.4 Understanding Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction Using the Kirchhoff-Helmholtz Integral Equation; 4.7.5 Scattered Sound Field Using the Rayleigh Integral Equation; 4.7.6 Theoretical Approach to Diffraction Phenomenon; Exercises; 5 Acoustics in a Closed Space; 5.1 Introduction/Study Objectives; 5.2 Acoustic Characteristics of a Closed Space; 5.3 Theory for Acoustically Large Space (Sabine's theory); 5.4 Direct and Reverberant Field; 5.5 Analysis Methods for a Closed Space; 5.6 Characteristics of Sound in a Small Space; 5.7 Duct Acoustics; 5.8 Chapter Summary; 5.9 Essentials of Acoustics in a Closed Space; 5.9.1 Methods for Measuring Absorption Coefficient; 5.9.2 Various Reverberation Time Prediction Formulae; 5.9.3 Sound Pressure Distribution in Closed 3D Space Using Mode Function; 5.9.4 Analytic Solution of 1D Cavity Interior Field with Any Boundary Condition; 5.9.5 Helmholtz Resonator Array Panels; Exercises; Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910811611803321 |
|
Kim Yang-Hann
|
||
| Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2010 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Sound visualization and manipulation / / Yang-Hann Kim and Jung-Woo Choi, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea
| Sound visualization and manipulation / / Yang-Hann Kim and Jung-Woo Choi, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea |
| Autore | Kim Yang-Hann |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Singapore : , : Wiley, , 2013 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (438 p.) |
| Disciplina | 534.01/5153533 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | ChoiJung-Woo |
| Soggetto topico |
Sound-waves - Mathematical models
Helmholtz equation |
| ISBN |
1-118-36850-9
1-118-36848-7 1-118-36849-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
About the Author xi -- Preface xiii -- Acknowledgments xvii -- Part I ESSENCE OF ACOUSTICS -- 1 Acoustic Wave Equation and Its Basic Physical Measures 3 -- 1.1 Introduction 3 -- 1.2 One-Dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation 3 -- 1.2.1 Impedance 9 -- 1.3 Three-Dimensional Wave Equation 10 -- 1.4 Acoustic Intensity and Energy 11 -- 1.4.1 Complex-Valued Pressure and Intensity 16 -- 1.5 The Units of Sound 18 -- 1.6 Analysis Methods of Linear Acoustic Wave Equation 27 -- 1.6.1 Acoustic Wave Equation and Boundary Condition 28 -- 1.6.2 Eigenfunctions and Modal Expansion Theory 31 -- 1.6.3 Integral Approach Using Green's Function 35 -- 1.7 Solutions of the Wave Equation 39 -- 1.7.1 Plane Wave 40 -- 1.7.2 Spherical Wave 41 -- 1.8 Chapter Summary 46 -- References 46 -- 2 Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction 49 -- 2.1 Introduction/Study Objectives 49 -- 2.2 Radiation of a Breathing Sphere and a Trembling Sphere 50 -- 2.3 Radiation from a Baffled Piston 58 -- 2.4 Radiation from a Finite Vibrating Plate 65 -- 2.5 Diffraction and Scattering 70 -- 2.6 Chapter Summary 79 -- 2.7 Essentials of Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction 80 -- 2.7.1 Radiated Sound Field from an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston 80 -- 2.7.2 Sound Field at an Arbitrary Position Radiated by an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston 81 -- 2.7.3 Understanding Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction Using the Kirchhoff / Helmholtz Integral Equation 82 -- 2.7.4 Scattered Sound Field Using the Rayleigh Integral Equation 96 -- References 97 -- Part II SOUND VISUALIZATION -- 3 Acoustic Holography 103 -- 3.1 Introduction 103 -- 3.2 The Methodology of Acoustic Source Identification 103 -- 3.3 Acoustic Holography: Measurement, Prediction, and Analysis 106 -- 3.3.1 Introduction and Problem Definitions 106 -- 3.3.2 Prediction Process 107 -- 3.3.3 Mathematical Derivations of Three Acoustic Holography Methods and Their Discrete Forms 113 -- 3.3.4 Measurement 119 -- 3.3.5 Analysis of Acoustic Holography 124 -- 3.4 Summary 129 -- References 130.
4 Beamforming 137 -- 4.1 Introduction 137 -- 4.2 Problem Statement 138 -- 4.3 Model-Based Beamforming 140 -- 4.3.1 Plane and Spherical Wave Beamforming 140 -- 4.3.2 The Array Configuration 142 -- 4.4 Signal-Based Beamforming 145 -- 4.4.1 Construction of Correlation Matrix in Time Domain 146 -- 4.4.2 Construction of Correlation Matrix in Frequency Domain 151 -- 4.4.3 Correlation Matrix of Multiple Sound Sources 152 -- 4.5 Correlation-Based Scan Vector Design 160 -- 4.5.1 Minimum Variance Beamformer 160 -- 4.5.2 Linear Prediction 164 -- 4.6 Subspace-Based Approaches 170 -- 4.6.1 Basic Principles 170 -- 4.6.2 MUSIC Beamformer 173 -- 4.6.3 ESPRIT 180 -- 4.7 Wideband Processing Technique 182 -- 4.7.1 Frequency-Domain Approach: Mapping to the Beam Space 182 -- 4.7.2 Coherent Subspace Method (CSM) 184 -- 4.7.3 Partial Field Decomposition in Beam Space 185 -- 4.7.4 Time-Domain Technique 190 -- 4.7.5 Moving-Source Localization 198 -- 4.8 Post-Processing Techniques 204 -- 4.8.1 Deconvolution and Beamforming 204 -- 4.8.2 Nonnegativity Constraint 207 -- 4.8.3 Nonnegative Least-Squares Algorithm 209 -- 4.8.4 DAMAS 210 -- References 212 -- Part III SOUND MANIPULATION -- 5 Sound Focusing 219 -- 5.1 Introduction 219 -- 5.2 Descriptions of the Problem of Sound Focusing 221 -- 5.2.1 Free-Field Radiation from Loudspeaker Arrays 221 -- 5.2.2 Descriptions of a Sound Field Depending on the Distance from the Array 221 -- 5.2.3 Fresnel Approximation 223 -- 5.2.4 Farfield Description of the Rayleigh Integral (Fraunhofer Approximation) 225 -- 5.2.5 Descriptors of Directivity 227 -- 5.3 Summing Operator (+) 230 -- 5.3.1 Delay-and-Sum Technique 230 -- 5.3.2 Beam Shaping and Steering 231 -- 5.3.3 Wavenumber Cone and Diffraction Limit 233 -- 5.3.4 Frequency Invariant Radiation Pattern 236 -- 5.3.5 Discrete Array and Grating Lobes 237 -- 5.4 Product Theorem (x) 240 -- 5.4.1 Convolution and Multiplication of Sound Beams 240 -- 5.4.2 On-Axis Pressure Response 243 -- 5.5 Differential Operator and Super-Directivity (-) 245. 5.5.1 Endfire Differential Patterns 245 -- 5.5.2 Combination of Delay-and-Sum and Endfire Differential Patterns 252 -- 5.5.3 Broadside Differential Pattern 252 -- 5.5.4 Combination of the Delay-and-Sum and Broadside Differential Patterns 258 -- 5.6 Optimization with Energy Ratios (÷) 259 -- 5.6.1 Problem Statement 259 -- 5.6.2 Capon's Minimum Variance Estimator (Minimum Variance Beamformer) 261 -- 5.6.3 Acoustic Brightness and Contrast Control 262 -- 5.6.4 Further Analysis of Acoustic Brightness and Contrast Control 273 -- 5.6.5 Application Examples 276 -- References 280 -- 6 Sound Field Reproduction 283 -- 6.1 Introduction 283 -- 6.2 Problem Statement 284 -- 6.2.1 Concept of Sound Field Reproduction 284 -- 6.2.2 Objective of Sound Field Reproduction 284 -- 6.3 Reproduction of One-Dimensional Sound Field 286 -- 6.3.1 Field-Matching Approach 286 -- 6.3.2 Mode-Matching Approach 288 -- 6.3.3 Integral Approach 289 -- 6.3.4 Single-Layer Potential 295 -- 6.4 Reproduction of a 3D Sound Field 296 -- 6.4.1 Problem Statement and Associated Variables 296 -- 6.5 Field-Matching Approach 298 -- 6.5.1 Inverse Problem 298 -- 6.5.2 Regularization of an Inverse Problem 305 -- 6.5.3 Selection of the Regularization Parameter 309 -- 6.6 Mode-Matching Approach 311 -- 6.6.1 Encoding and Decoding of Sound Field 311 -- 6.6.2 Mode-Matching with Plane Waves 313 -- 6.6.3 Mode-Matching with Spherical Harmonics 320 -- 6.7 Surface Integral Equations 337 -- 6.7.1 Source Inside, Listener Inside (V0 ⊂ V , r ∈ V ) 337 -- 6.7.2 Source Inside, Listener Outside (V0 ⊂ V , r ∈ ) 340 -- 6.7.3 Source Outside, Listener Outside (V0 ⊂ , r ∈ ) 341 -- 6.7.4 Source Outside, Listener Inside (V0 ⊂ , r ∈ V ) 342 -- 6.7.5 Listener on the Control Surface 342 -- 6.7.6 Summary of Integral Equations 344 -- 6.7.7 Nonradiating Sound Field and Nonuniqueness Problem 344 -- 6.8 Single-layer Formula 346 -- 6.8.1 Single-layer Formula for Exterior Virtual Source 346 -- 6.8.2 Integral Formulas for Interior Virtual Source 355 -- References 369. Appendix A Useful Formulas 371 -- A.1 Fourier Transform 371 -- A.1.1 Fourier Transform Table 371 -- A.2 Dirac Delta Function 374 -- A.3 Derivative of Matrices 374 -- A.3.1 Derivative of Real-Valued Matrix 374 -- A.3.2 Derivative of Complex-Valued Function 375 -- A.3.3 Derivative of Complex Matrix 376 -- A.4 Inverse Problem 376 -- A.4.1 Overdetermined Linear Equations and Least Squares (LS) Solution 377 -- A.4.2 Underdetermined Linear Equations and Minimum-Norm Problem 378 -- A.4.3 Method of Lagrange Multiplier 379 -- A.4.4 Regularized Least Squares 380 -- A.4.5 Singular Value Decomposition 380 -- A.4.6 Total Least Squares (TLS) 382 -- Appendix B Description of Sound Field 385 -- B.1 Three-Dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation 385 -- B.1.1 Conservation of Mass 385 -- B.1.2 Conservation of Momentum 385 -- B.1.3 Equation of State 388 -- B.1.4 Velocity Potential Function 390 -- B.1.5 Complex Intensity 391 -- B.1.6 Singular Sources 392 -- B.2 Wavenumber Domain Representation of the Rayleigh Integral 398 -- B.2.1 Fourier Transform of Free-Field Green's Function (Weyl's Identity) 398 -- B.2.2 High Frequency Approximation (Stationary Phase Approximation) 399 -- B.3 Separation of Variables in Spherical Coordinates 400 -- B.3.1 Angle Functions: Associated Legendre Functions 400 -- B.3.2 Angle Functions: Spherical Harmonics 402 -- B.3.3 Radial Functions 404 -- B.3.4 Radial Functions: Spherical Bessel and Hankel Functions 404 -- B.3.5 Description of Sound Fields by Spherical Basis Function 408 -- B.3.6 Representation of the Green's Function 409 -- References 411 -- Index 413. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910139024003321 |
|
Kim Yang-Hann
|
||
| Singapore : , : Wiley, , 2013 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Sound visualization and manipulation / / Yang-Hann Kim and Jung-Woo Choi, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea
| Sound visualization and manipulation / / Yang-Hann Kim and Jung-Woo Choi, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Republic of Korea |
| Autore | Kim Yang-Hann |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Singapore : , : Wiley, , 2013 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (438 p.) |
| Disciplina | 534.01/5153533 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | ChoiJung-Woo |
| Soggetto topico |
Sound-waves - Mathematical models
Helmholtz equation |
| ISBN |
1-118-36850-9
1-118-36848-7 1-118-36849-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
About the Author xi -- Preface xiii -- Acknowledgments xvii -- Part I ESSENCE OF ACOUSTICS -- 1 Acoustic Wave Equation and Its Basic Physical Measures 3 -- 1.1 Introduction 3 -- 1.2 One-Dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation 3 -- 1.2.1 Impedance 9 -- 1.3 Three-Dimensional Wave Equation 10 -- 1.4 Acoustic Intensity and Energy 11 -- 1.4.1 Complex-Valued Pressure and Intensity 16 -- 1.5 The Units of Sound 18 -- 1.6 Analysis Methods of Linear Acoustic Wave Equation 27 -- 1.6.1 Acoustic Wave Equation and Boundary Condition 28 -- 1.6.2 Eigenfunctions and Modal Expansion Theory 31 -- 1.6.3 Integral Approach Using Green's Function 35 -- 1.7 Solutions of the Wave Equation 39 -- 1.7.1 Plane Wave 40 -- 1.7.2 Spherical Wave 41 -- 1.8 Chapter Summary 46 -- References 46 -- 2 Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction 49 -- 2.1 Introduction/Study Objectives 49 -- 2.2 Radiation of a Breathing Sphere and a Trembling Sphere 50 -- 2.3 Radiation from a Baffled Piston 58 -- 2.4 Radiation from a Finite Vibrating Plate 65 -- 2.5 Diffraction and Scattering 70 -- 2.6 Chapter Summary 79 -- 2.7 Essentials of Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction 80 -- 2.7.1 Radiated Sound Field from an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston 80 -- 2.7.2 Sound Field at an Arbitrary Position Radiated by an Infinitely Baffled Circular Piston 81 -- 2.7.3 Understanding Radiation, Scattering, and Diffraction Using the Kirchhoff / Helmholtz Integral Equation 82 -- 2.7.4 Scattered Sound Field Using the Rayleigh Integral Equation 96 -- References 97 -- Part II SOUND VISUALIZATION -- 3 Acoustic Holography 103 -- 3.1 Introduction 103 -- 3.2 The Methodology of Acoustic Source Identification 103 -- 3.3 Acoustic Holography: Measurement, Prediction, and Analysis 106 -- 3.3.1 Introduction and Problem Definitions 106 -- 3.3.2 Prediction Process 107 -- 3.3.3 Mathematical Derivations of Three Acoustic Holography Methods and Their Discrete Forms 113 -- 3.3.4 Measurement 119 -- 3.3.5 Analysis of Acoustic Holography 124 -- 3.4 Summary 129 -- References 130.
4 Beamforming 137 -- 4.1 Introduction 137 -- 4.2 Problem Statement 138 -- 4.3 Model-Based Beamforming 140 -- 4.3.1 Plane and Spherical Wave Beamforming 140 -- 4.3.2 The Array Configuration 142 -- 4.4 Signal-Based Beamforming 145 -- 4.4.1 Construction of Correlation Matrix in Time Domain 146 -- 4.4.2 Construction of Correlation Matrix in Frequency Domain 151 -- 4.4.3 Correlation Matrix of Multiple Sound Sources 152 -- 4.5 Correlation-Based Scan Vector Design 160 -- 4.5.1 Minimum Variance Beamformer 160 -- 4.5.2 Linear Prediction 164 -- 4.6 Subspace-Based Approaches 170 -- 4.6.1 Basic Principles 170 -- 4.6.2 MUSIC Beamformer 173 -- 4.6.3 ESPRIT 180 -- 4.7 Wideband Processing Technique 182 -- 4.7.1 Frequency-Domain Approach: Mapping to the Beam Space 182 -- 4.7.2 Coherent Subspace Method (CSM) 184 -- 4.7.3 Partial Field Decomposition in Beam Space 185 -- 4.7.4 Time-Domain Technique 190 -- 4.7.5 Moving-Source Localization 198 -- 4.8 Post-Processing Techniques 204 -- 4.8.1 Deconvolution and Beamforming 204 -- 4.8.2 Nonnegativity Constraint 207 -- 4.8.3 Nonnegative Least-Squares Algorithm 209 -- 4.8.4 DAMAS 210 -- References 212 -- Part III SOUND MANIPULATION -- 5 Sound Focusing 219 -- 5.1 Introduction 219 -- 5.2 Descriptions of the Problem of Sound Focusing 221 -- 5.2.1 Free-Field Radiation from Loudspeaker Arrays 221 -- 5.2.2 Descriptions of a Sound Field Depending on the Distance from the Array 221 -- 5.2.3 Fresnel Approximation 223 -- 5.2.4 Farfield Description of the Rayleigh Integral (Fraunhofer Approximation) 225 -- 5.2.5 Descriptors of Directivity 227 -- 5.3 Summing Operator (+) 230 -- 5.3.1 Delay-and-Sum Technique 230 -- 5.3.2 Beam Shaping and Steering 231 -- 5.3.3 Wavenumber Cone and Diffraction Limit 233 -- 5.3.4 Frequency Invariant Radiation Pattern 236 -- 5.3.5 Discrete Array and Grating Lobes 237 -- 5.4 Product Theorem (x) 240 -- 5.4.1 Convolution and Multiplication of Sound Beams 240 -- 5.4.2 On-Axis Pressure Response 243 -- 5.5 Differential Operator and Super-Directivity (-) 245. 5.5.1 Endfire Differential Patterns 245 -- 5.5.2 Combination of Delay-and-Sum and Endfire Differential Patterns 252 -- 5.5.3 Broadside Differential Pattern 252 -- 5.5.4 Combination of the Delay-and-Sum and Broadside Differential Patterns 258 -- 5.6 Optimization with Energy Ratios (÷) 259 -- 5.6.1 Problem Statement 259 -- 5.6.2 Capon's Minimum Variance Estimator (Minimum Variance Beamformer) 261 -- 5.6.3 Acoustic Brightness and Contrast Control 262 -- 5.6.4 Further Analysis of Acoustic Brightness and Contrast Control 273 -- 5.6.5 Application Examples 276 -- References 280 -- 6 Sound Field Reproduction 283 -- 6.1 Introduction 283 -- 6.2 Problem Statement 284 -- 6.2.1 Concept of Sound Field Reproduction 284 -- 6.2.2 Objective of Sound Field Reproduction 284 -- 6.3 Reproduction of One-Dimensional Sound Field 286 -- 6.3.1 Field-Matching Approach 286 -- 6.3.2 Mode-Matching Approach 288 -- 6.3.3 Integral Approach 289 -- 6.3.4 Single-Layer Potential 295 -- 6.4 Reproduction of a 3D Sound Field 296 -- 6.4.1 Problem Statement and Associated Variables 296 -- 6.5 Field-Matching Approach 298 -- 6.5.1 Inverse Problem 298 -- 6.5.2 Regularization of an Inverse Problem 305 -- 6.5.3 Selection of the Regularization Parameter 309 -- 6.6 Mode-Matching Approach 311 -- 6.6.1 Encoding and Decoding of Sound Field 311 -- 6.6.2 Mode-Matching with Plane Waves 313 -- 6.6.3 Mode-Matching with Spherical Harmonics 320 -- 6.7 Surface Integral Equations 337 -- 6.7.1 Source Inside, Listener Inside (V0 ⊂ V , r ∈ V ) 337 -- 6.7.2 Source Inside, Listener Outside (V0 ⊂ V , r ∈ ) 340 -- 6.7.3 Source Outside, Listener Outside (V0 ⊂ , r ∈ ) 341 -- 6.7.4 Source Outside, Listener Inside (V0 ⊂ , r ∈ V ) 342 -- 6.7.5 Listener on the Control Surface 342 -- 6.7.6 Summary of Integral Equations 344 -- 6.7.7 Nonradiating Sound Field and Nonuniqueness Problem 344 -- 6.8 Single-layer Formula 346 -- 6.8.1 Single-layer Formula for Exterior Virtual Source 346 -- 6.8.2 Integral Formulas for Interior Virtual Source 355 -- References 369. Appendix A Useful Formulas 371 -- A.1 Fourier Transform 371 -- A.1.1 Fourier Transform Table 371 -- A.2 Dirac Delta Function 374 -- A.3 Derivative of Matrices 374 -- A.3.1 Derivative of Real-Valued Matrix 374 -- A.3.2 Derivative of Complex-Valued Function 375 -- A.3.3 Derivative of Complex Matrix 376 -- A.4 Inverse Problem 376 -- A.4.1 Overdetermined Linear Equations and Least Squares (LS) Solution 377 -- A.4.2 Underdetermined Linear Equations and Minimum-Norm Problem 378 -- A.4.3 Method of Lagrange Multiplier 379 -- A.4.4 Regularized Least Squares 380 -- A.4.5 Singular Value Decomposition 380 -- A.4.6 Total Least Squares (TLS) 382 -- Appendix B Description of Sound Field 385 -- B.1 Three-Dimensional Acoustic Wave Equation 385 -- B.1.1 Conservation of Mass 385 -- B.1.2 Conservation of Momentum 385 -- B.1.3 Equation of State 388 -- B.1.4 Velocity Potential Function 390 -- B.1.5 Complex Intensity 391 -- B.1.6 Singular Sources 392 -- B.2 Wavenumber Domain Representation of the Rayleigh Integral 398 -- B.2.1 Fourier Transform of Free-Field Green's Function (Weyl's Identity) 398 -- B.2.2 High Frequency Approximation (Stationary Phase Approximation) 399 -- B.3 Separation of Variables in Spherical Coordinates 400 -- B.3.1 Angle Functions: Associated Legendre Functions 400 -- B.3.2 Angle Functions: Spherical Harmonics 402 -- B.3.3 Radial Functions 404 -- B.3.4 Radial Functions: Spherical Bessel and Hankel Functions 404 -- B.3.5 Description of Sound Fields by Spherical Basis Function 408 -- B.3.6 Representation of the Green's Function 409 -- References 411 -- Index 413. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910825494003321 |
|
Kim Yang-Hann
|
||
| Singapore : , : Wiley, , 2013 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||