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Intro -- Foreword 1 -- Foreword 2 -- Preface -- Contents -- Editor and Contributors -- About the Editor -- Contributors -- 1: Introduction to the Repair and Regeneration of War Wound Tissue -- 1.1 A Brief History of the Development of War Wound Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine -- 1.1.1 A Brief Review of the Development of Traumatic Repair Medicine in the World War -- 1.1.2 A Brief History of the Development of Trauma Repair in Ancient China -- 1.1.3 The Promotion of Science and Technology Development in the Development of Trauma Repair and Tissue Regeneration -- 1.1.3.1 Disinfection, Anesthesia, Hemostasis, and Blood Transfusion Provide a Good Foundation for the Establishment of Modern Trauma Repair Surgery -- Infection -- Pain -- Bleeding -- 1.1.3.2 The Establishment and Development of Immunology Provide a Basis for Breakthroughs in Various Types of Transplantation -- 1.1.3.3 The Emergence of Microsurgery Provides a New Technical Means for Trauma Repair Surgery -- 1.1.3.4 The Application of Bioengineering and Various Materials Has Broadened the Field for Wound Repair -- 1.1.3.5 Information Network Builds a Platform for Improving the Level of Wound Repair -- 1.1.3.6 Digital Medicine Provides Guarantee for Accurate Wound Repair -- 1.1.3.7 New Technologies and Methods of Regenerative Medicine Represented by Growth Factors, Stem Cells, and Gene Therapy Technologies Show a Bright Future for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration -- 1.2 Posttraumatic Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine in Military Medicine -- 1.2.1 Overview -- 1.2.2 The Development of Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine After the Trauma of Our Military -- 1.2.3 The Future Development of Posttraumatic Tissue Repair and Regenerative Medicine -- 1.3 Wound Tissue Repair and Regeneration Concept -- 1.3.1 Repair and Repair "Out of Control".
1.3.1.1 Hypertrophic Scar -- 1.3.1.2 Keloid -- 1.3.1.3 Scar Ulcer or Unstable Scar -- 1.3.1.4 Scar Cancer -- 1.3.2 Compensation and Remodeling -- 1.3.2.1 Compensation -- 1.3.2.2 Remodeling -- 1.3.3 New Concepts Involved in Wound Repair -- 1.3.3.1 Growth Factor -- 1.3.3.2 Cytokine -- 1.3.3.3 Gene Therapy -- 1.3.3.4 Cell Therapy -- 1.3.3.5 Stem Cell -- 1.3.3.6 Tissue Engineering -- 1.3.3.7 Regenerative Medicine -- 1.3.3.8 Others -- 1.4 Classification of Wound Tissue Repair and Regeneration -- 1.4.1 The Classification of Wounds -- 1.4.1.1 Injury Part -- 1.4.1.2 Cause of Injuries -- Gunshot Wound -- Impact Injury -- Thermal Injury and Chemical Injury Wound -- Combined Wound -- 1.4.1.3 Injury Type -- 1.4.1.4 Injury Severity -- 1.4.1.5 Others -- Divided by Different Operational Environments -- Divided by the Anatomy System -- Others -- 1.4.2 Classification of Wound Healing and Regeneration -- 1.4.2.1 Classification of Wound Healing -- First-Stage Healing -- 1.4.2.2 Second-Stage Healing -- Healing Under Scab -- 1.4.2.3 Classification of Regeneration -- Physiological Regeneration -- Pathological Regeneration -- 1.5 Characteristics of Repair and Regeneration of War Wound Tissue -- 1.5.1 The Main Features of Tissue Repair After Trauma -- 1.5.1.1 Characteristics of Modern War Wounds -- 1.5.1.2 Characteristics of Modern War Wound Tissue Repair -- Debridement Is the Basis of Later Tissue Repair -- Delayed Closure of the First Phase After Debridement Is the Principle of Repairing Wound Tissue -- Accurate Amputation Level Is the Feature of War Wound Tissue Repair -- 1.5.2 The Characteristics of Posttraumatic Tissue Repair Research in the Modern Warfare of Foreign Military -- 1.5.2.1 Limb Trauma and Regenerative Medicine -- 1.5.2.2 Pain Management -- 1.5.2.3 Clinical Trials and Transformation Studies.
1.5.3 The Characteristics of Wound Ballistics in Modern Warfare and the Principle of Postinjury Tissue Repair -- 1.5.3.1 The Characteristics of Modern War Wounds in Wound Ballistics -- 1.5.3.2 Tissue Repair of Ballistic Wounds -- 1.6 The Basic Process of Repair and Regeneration of War Wound Tissue -- 1.6.1 The Basic Pathophysiological Process of Wound Healing -- 1.6.1.1 Bleeding and Coagulation Process -- 1.6.1.2 Inflammatory Response Period -- Immune Response -- Vascular Permeability -- 1.6.1.3 Granulation Tissue Proliferative Phase -- 1.6.1.4 Scar Formation Period -- 1.6.2 The Characteristics and Repair of Gunshot Wounds -- 1.6.2.1 Characteristics of Gunshot Wound -- 1.6.2.2 Repair Principle of Gunshot Wound -- 1.6.3 Soft Tissue Blast Injury -- 1.6.3.1 Classification of Modern Soft Tissue Blast Injuries -- 1.6.3.2 Clinical Features of Blast Injury -- Multiple Sites, Multiple Organs, Multiple Tissue Damage -- Severe Soft Tissue Defect -- Complex Infection, Difficult to Handle -- High Limb Damage Rate, Heavy Functional Impact, Difficult to Repair -- E. Delayed Delivery, Delay the Best Treatment Opportunity -- 1.6.3.3 Repair of Explosive Injuries -- 1.7 Progress and Prospects of Research on Repair and Regeneration of War Wound Tissue -- 1.7.1 Posttraumatic Tissue Repair Research from Local Tissue Repair to Overall (Whole Body) Repair -- 1.7.2 Posttraumatic Tissue Repair Research from Passive Repair to Active Repair -- 1.7.3 Posttraumatic Tissue Repair Research from Anatomical Repair to Functional Restoration -- 1.7.4 Posttraumatic Tissue Repair Research from the Emphasis on Basic Research to Clinical Transformation and Precision Treatment -- References -- 2: Cellular Basis for Tissue Regeneration: Cellular Dedifferentiation -- 2.1 The Prevalence of Cellular Dedifferentiation and the Significance of Tissue Repair and Regeneration.
2.1.1 Tissue Regeneration: From Lower Animals to Mammals and Cellular Dedifferentiation -- 2.1.2 The Definition of Cell Dedifferentiation -- 2.1.3 Epidermal Cell Dedifferentiation and Skin Regeneration -- 2.1.4 Renal Cell Dedifferentiation and Kidney Regeneration -- 2.1.5 Cardiomyocyte Dedifferentiation and Heart Regeneration -- 2.1.6 Visual Cell Dedifferentiation and Retinal Regeneration -- 2.1.7 Dedifferentiation of Bone Cells and Muscle Cells and Musculoskeletal Regeneration -- 2.1.8 Schwann Cell Dedifferentiation and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration -- 2.1.9 Dedifferentiation or Reprogramming of Somatic Cells into Pluripotent Stem Cells -- 2.1.10 Perspectives -- 2.2 Dedifferentiation of Epidermal Cells and Sweat Gland Regeneration -- 2.2.1 A Huge Controversy Brought by an Accidental Discovery -- 2.2.2 Giving a Correct Explanation to the Academic World through Hardship -- 2.2.3 The Original Discovery of Cellular Dedifferentiation Is Used to Guide the Clinical Research on Sweat Gland Regeneration -- 2.2.4 The Perception and Experience Gained from the Experiment in the Past Ten Years -- 2.3 Cellular Dedifferentiation and Synchronized Repair and Regeneration of Complex Tissues In Situ -- 2.3.1 Difficulties and Breakthroughs in Repair and Regeneration of Complex Tissues: Cellular Dedifferentiation -- 2.3.2 The Study Model of In Situ Synchronized Regeneration of Complex Tissues -- 2.3.2.1 The Fin Regeneration of Zebrafish -- 2.3.2.2 Salamanders Limb Regeneration -- 2.3.2.3 Mouse Toe Tip Regeneration -- 2.3.2.4 Zebrafish and Neonatal Mouse Heart Regeneration -- 2.3.3 The Cellular Basis of Limb Regeneration: Blastema and Cellular Dedifferentiation -- 2.3.3.1 Cellular Dedifferentiation: The Basis of Blastema -- Salamander Limb Blastema Formation -- Zebrafish Fin Blastema -- Mouse Toe Blastema.
2.3.3.2 Molecular Mechanisms of Cellular Dedifferentiation, Proliferation, and Blastema Formation -- 2.3.4 Differences in Cellular Dedifferentiation Potential and Regeneration -- 2.3.5 Cellular Dedifferentiation Potential and Cell Cycle -- 2.3.6 Inducing Cellular Dedifferentiation to Promote In Situ Synchronized Regeneration of Complex Mammalian Tissues -- References -- 3: Molecular and Genetic Basis for Tissue Repair and Regeneration -- 3.1 Genes Involved in Tissue Repair and Regeneration -- 3.1.1 The Four Genes of iPS Cells -- 3.1.1.1 Introduction of iPS Cell Gene Function -- Oct4 Gene Function -- Sox2 Function -- Klf4 Function -- C-Myc Function -- 3.1.2 Development-Related Genes -- 3.1.2.1 Homeobox Gene -- 3.1.2.2 MicroRNA and Development -- MicroRNA Is Involved in Tissue Development -- MicroRNA and Heart Development -- MicroRNA and Nervous System Development -- 3.1.2.3 Development-Related Genes and Tissue Repair -- Wnt Gene -- Lin28a Gene -- Smed-Prep Gene -- 3.1.3 Tumor-Related Genes -- 3.1.3.1 Proto-Oncogene -- Extracellular Growth Factor -- Transmembrane Growth Factor Receptor -- Intracellular Signalosome -- Nuclear Transcription Factor -- 3.1.3.2 Tumor Suppressor Gene -- Retinoblastoma Gene (Rb Gene) -- P53 Gene -- 3.2 Protein Molecules Involved in Tissue Repair and Regeneration Regulation -- 3.2.1 Growth Factor Protein -- 3.2.1.1 FGF-Fibroblast Growth Factor -- Establish FGF-Efficient Secretion Expression System -- The First Structural Transformation of FGF Successfully Solved the Technical Problems of Large-Scale Production Process -- Created FGF Large-Scale Preparation Process and Quality Standards -- Developed the First Drug-Loaded Class III Implantable Medical Device that Combines FGF with Tissue Engineering Materials -- 3.2.1.2 PDGF-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor -- 3.2.1.3 NGF-Nerve Growth Factor.
3.2.2 Important Proteins Involved in the Regulation of Tissue Regeneration Found in Lower Organisms.
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Advanced Trauma and Surgery / / edited by Xiaobing Fu, Liangming Liu
