Global Maritime Transport and Ballast Water Management : Issues and Solutions

• Autore: David Matej
• Pubblicazione: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing AG, , 2024; ©2024
• Edizione: 2nd ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (275 pages)
• Disciplina: 333.916416
• Altri autori: GollaschStephan
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Foreword -- Foreword -- Contents -- Introduction: Update of the Global Maritime Transport and Ballast Water Management Book First Edition -- 1 BWM Update -- 2 Intention of This Book -- 3 Book Content -- References -- Type Approval Tests of Ballast Water Management Systems, What Have We Learned in > -- 10 Years Testing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Recommended Amendments to BWMS Test Requirements Based on the Authors´ Experience -- 2.1 Recommendations Based on Land-Based Test Experience -- 2.1.1 Oxidant-Demand and Concentration x Time Value (CT-Value) -- 2.1.2 Total Suspended Solids -- 2.2 Recommendations Based on Shipboard Test Experience -- 2.2.1 Test Duration -- 2.2.2 Number of Tests -- 2.2.3 Flow Rates -- 2.2.4 BWMS Service and Major Component Changes -- 2.2.5 Normal Ship Operations -- 2.2.6 BWMS Operation During Tests -- 2.2.7 Control Experiment -- 2.2.8 Abiotic Conditions -- 2.2.9 Biotic Conditions -- 3 Further Amendments of the Previous Guidelines G8 as Now Addressed in the BWMS Code Adopted in 2018 -- 4 IMO Versus USCG BWMS Test Requirements -- 4.1 Key Differences in Land-Based Requirements -- 4.2 Key Differences in Shipboard Requirements -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Testing Ballast Water Management Systems: Challenge Water Conditions During More Than 100 Test Voyages -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sampling Event Details -- 2.1 Sampling Point -- 2.2 Sample Volumes -- 2.3 Measurement of Abiotic Parameters -- 2.4 Viability Determination of Organisms -- 2.4.1 Phytoplankton -- 2.4.2 Zooplankton -- 2.5 Organisms´ Minimum Dimension -- 2.6 Taxonomy -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Abiotic Factors -- 3.2 Organism Concentrations -- 3.2.1 Phytoplankton -- 3.2.2 Zooplankton -- 3.2.3 Interaction of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Sampling Points -- 4.2 Abiotic Factors -- 4.3 Phytoplankton -- 4.4 Zooplankton. ; 4.5 Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Interaction -- 4.6 Method Criticism -- 4.7 Compliance of D-2 Without Management -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Ballast Water Discharges and Safety Aspects of Using Active Substances for Ballast Water Treatment -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Ballast Water Management Convention (BWM Convention) -- 3 The Type Approval Process -- 4 The Role of GESAMP-BWWG and the Methodology -- 5 Active Substances Used and the Issue Concerning Discharge of Ballast Water -- 5.1 Active Substances (AS) and Relevant Chemicals (RC) -- 5.2 Neutralization -- 5.3 Formation of Disinfection By-Products (DBPs) -- 6 Discharge of Ballast Water: Risk Assessment for the Environment and Human Health -- 7 Environment -- 7.1 Predicted Environmental Concentration -- 7.2 Predicted No-Effect Concentration -- 7.3 PEC/PNEC -- 7.4 Whole Effluent Toxicity Tests -- 8 Human Health: General Public -- 8.1 Exposure Scenarios for the General Public -- 8.2 Recreational Activities (Swimming in the Sea) -- 8.2.1 Inhalation of Chemicals Partitioning into the Air Above the Sea -- 8.2.2 Dermal Exposure to Chemicals While Swimming in the Sea -- 8.2.3 Swallowing of Water Contaminated with Treated Ballast Water -- 8.3 Eating Seafood Exposed to Treated Ballast Water -- 8.4 Aggregated Exposure (Through Swimming and Consumption of Seafood) -- 9 DNEL/DMEL Derivation -- 9.1 Risk Characterization in the Human Exposure Scenarios -- 10 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement of the Ballast Water Management Convention: The Port State Control Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 BWM Convention as the Legal Framework for Inspections -- 3 BWM PSC Developments Through MoUs -- 4 CME Application Under the BWM Convention -- 5 Decision on When to Conduct an Inspection -- 6 Ballast Water Sampling for CME -- 7 Decision on Stopping Deballasting. ; 8 Decision on Allowing the Discharge of Unmanaged Ballast Water -- 9 PSC Dilemma -- 10 Decision on Issuing a Penalty -- 11 Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Ballast Water Sampling for Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement of the BWM Convention: D-1 and D-2 Indicative Tests -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 D-1 and Indicative D-2 Tests During Vessel Voyages -- 2.2 D-1 and Indicative D-2 Tests on Vessels in Adriatic Ports -- 3 Results -- 3.1 CME Methods Tests During Vessel Voyages -- 3.1.1 D-1 Salinity Test -- 3.1.2 D-2 Indicative Tests -- 3.1.3 Phytoplankton Below 10 μm -- 3.1.4 Temperature Measurements -- 3.2 CME Methods Tests in Adriatic Ports -- 3.2.1 The Port of Koper Sampling Results -- 3.2.1.1 D-1 Salinity Tests -- 3.2.1.2 D-2 Indicative Tests -- 3.2.1.3 Phytoplankton Below 10 μm and Above 50 μm -- 3.2.1.4 Temperature, Oxygen and pH Measurements -- 3.2.2 Italian Ports Sampling Results -- 3.2.2.1 Port of Bari -- 3.2.2.2 Port of Ancona -- 3.2.2.3 Port of Venice -- 3.2.2.4 Port of Trieste -- 3.2.2.5 Summary of Italian Ports Results -- 4 Discussion and Conclusions -- 4.1 CME Methods Tests Using En Route Sounding Pipe Samples -- 4.2 Compliance Control Sampling in Adriatic Ports -- 4.2.1 Sampling Methods According to the Sampling Access Point -- 4.2.2 Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-1 Standard -- 4.2.3 Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard -- 4.2.4 Indicative Sampling for Compliance Control with the D-2 Standard -- 4.2.5 Phytoplankton Below 10 μm -- 4.2.6 Other Physical Parameters -- References -- Ballast Water Management Options in Ports -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Legal and Organisational Framework -- 3 Port Ballast Water Reception Facilities and Treatment Methods -- 3.1 Land-Based Reception System -- 3.2 Barge-Based Reception System -- 3.3 Mobile Land-Based Reception System. ; 3.4 Desalination Plants -- 4 Practicability Tests of Port Reception Facilities -- 5 Economic Viability of Port Reception Facilities -- 6 Optimising Port Reception Facilities -- 7 Conclusions -- References -- Ballast Tank Sediment: A Neglected Subject Which Requires Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Amount and Type of Sediment -- 3 Species in Ballast Tank Sediment -- 4 Chemicals in the Sediment -- 5 Sediment Removal -- 6 Avoidance of Sediment Accumulation -- 7 Sediment Management in Turkey -- 8 Recommendations for Best Sediment Management Practices and How to Proceed -- References -- Databases to Support Different Ballast Water Management Tools -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Documentation of Port Baseline Survey Results -- 3 Decision-Making on BWM Exemptions -- 4 Early Warning System -- 5 Species Control and Eradication Programmes -- 6 Measuring the Effectiveness of the BWM Convention -- 7 Discussion -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- Five Years of ``Lively´´ Implementation of the Ballast Water Management Convention: Global Guidance, Regional Challenges and N... -- 1 An Environmental Issue, a Shipping Response -- 2 The Challenging Nature of the BWM Legal Regime -- 3 Review of Main Implementation Issues -- 3.1 Basic Application -- 3.2 The BWM Standards for Discharge, Other Measures and Exceptions -- 3.3 The Paperwork and the Surveys Regime -- 3.4 Port State Controls -- 4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Overall Conclusions on the Ballast Water Issue and Its Management Options -- 1 Type Approval Tests of Ballast Water Management Systems, What We Have Learned in More Than 10 Years of Testing -- 2 Testing Ballast Water Management Systems: Challenge Water Conditions During More Than 100 Test Voyages -- 3 Ballast Water Discharges and Safety Aspects of Using Active Substances for Ballast Water Treatment. ; 4 Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement of the BWM Convention: The Port State Control Perspective -- 5 Ballast Water Sampling for Compliance Monitoring and Enforcement of the BWM Convention: D-1 and D-2 Indicative Tests -- 6 Ballast Water Management Options in Ports -- 7 Ballast Tank Sediment: A Neglected Subject Which Requires Management -- 8 Databases to Support Different Ballast Water Management Tools -- 9 Five Years of ``Lively´´ Implementation of the BWM Convention: Global Guidance, Regional Challenges and National Issues -- 10 Final Conclusions.
• Titolo autorizzato: Global Maritime Transport and Ballast Water Management
• ISBN: 9783031481932
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910855396403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Invading Nature - Springer Series in Invasion Ecology Series