| Nota di contenuto |
1. Thermal Structure of the Earth.-1.1 Renewable Energies, Global Aspects -- 1.2 Internal Structure of the Earth -- 1.3 Energy budget of the planet -- 1.4 Heat transport and thermal parameters -- 1.5 Brief outline of methods for measuring thermal parameters.- 2. History of Geothermal Energy Use -- 2.1 Early utilization of geothermal energy -- 2.2 History of Utilization of Geothermal Energy in the last 150 Years .- 3. Geothermal Energy Resources -- 3.1 Energy -- 3.2 Significance of "renewable" energies -- 3.3 Status of geothermal energy utilization -- 3.4 Geothermal energy sources.- 4. Application of Geothermal Energy -- 4.1 Near surface Geothermal Systems -- 4.2 Deep Geothermal Systems -- 4.3 Efficiency of geothermal systems -- 4.4 Major geothermal fields, high enthalpy fields.- 5. Potentials and Perspectives of Geothermal Utilization.- 6. Geothermal Probes -- 6.1 Planning Principles -- 6.2 Construction of ground source heat exchangers -- 6.3 Dimensioning and design of geothermal probes.- 6.4 Drilling methods for borehole heat exchanger -- 6.5 Backfill and grouting of geothermal probes -- 6.6 Construction of deep geothermal probes -- 6.7 Operating geothermal probes: Potential risks, malfunctions and damages -- 6.8 Special systems and further developments.- 7. Geothermal Well Systems -- 7.1 Building geothermal well systems -- 7.2 Chemical aspects of two-well systems -- 7.3 Thermal range of influence, numerical models.- 8. Hydrothermal Systems, Geothermal Doublets -- 8.1 Geology and tectonic structure of the underground -- 8.2 Thermal and hydraulic properties of the target aquifer -- 8.3 Hydraulic and thermal range of hydrothermal doublets -- 8.4 Hydrochemistry of hot waters from great depth.- 8.5 Reservoir-improving measures, Efficiency-boosting measures, Stimulation -- 8.6 Productivity risk, Exploration risk, Economic efficiency -- 8.7 Some site examples of hydrothermal systems -- 8.8 Project planning of hydrothermal power systems.- 9. Enhanced-Geothermal-Systems (EGS), Hot-Dry-Rock Systems (HDR), Deep-Heat-Mining (DHM) -- 9.1 Techniques, procedures, strategies, aims -- 9.2 Historical development of the hydraulic fracturing technology, early HDR sites.- 9.3 Stimulation procedures -- 9.4 Experience and dealing with micro-seismicity -- 9.5 Recommendations, Notes.- 10.Environmental Issues Related to Deep Geothermal Systems -- 10.1 Seismicity related to EGS projects -- 10.2 Interaction between geothermal system operation and the subsurface -- 10.3 Environmental issues related to surface installations and operation -- 11. Drilling techniques for deep wellbores.- 13. Geophysical methods, exploration and analysis -- 12.1 Geophysical pre-drilling exploration, seismic investigations -- 12.2 Geophysical well logging and data interpretation.- 13.Testing the hydraulic properties of the drilled formations -- 13.1 Principles of hydraulic testing -- 13.2 Types of tests, planning and implementation, evaluation procedures -- 13.3 Tracer Experiments -- 13.4 Temperature evaluation methods.- 14. The chemical composition of deep geothermal waters and its consequences for planning and operating a geothermal power plant -- 14.1 Sampling and laboratory analyses -- 14.2 Deep geothermal waters, data and interpretation -- 14.3 Mineral scales and materials corrosion.- 15. References.
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Geothermal energy : from theoretical models to exploration and development / / Ingrid Stober and Kurt Bucher
