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Water Resources Management in Mountain Regions
| Water Resources Management in Mountain Regions |
| Autore | Bahadur Singh Virendra |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2025 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (448 pages) |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
MadhavSughosh
GuptaRakesh Kumar DiwanPrerna KumarAmit |
| ISBN |
9781394249602
1394249608 9781394249619 1394249616 9781394249596 1394249594 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication Page -- Contents -- About the Editors -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Management Challenges of Water Resources in Sikkim Mountain Regions -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Sikkim State -- 1.1.2 Climate -- 1.1.2.1 Analysis of Precipitation Indices -- 1.1.3 Geology of Sikkim -- 1.2 Water Resources in Sikkim -- 1.2.1 Water Security Issue -- 1.2.2 Management Initiatives -- 1.3 Management Challenges -- 1.4 Future Adaptation Strategies and Options -- References -- Chapter 2 Basin-Scale Estimation of Runoff Components Using the SPHY Model: A Case Study of the Koshi River Basin, Central Himalaya -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Materials and Methods -- 2.2.1 Study Area -- 2.2.2 Model Description -- 2.2.2.1 Rainfall Runoff -- 2.2.2.2 Snow Processes -- 2.2.2.3 Glacier Processes -- 2.2.2.4 Base Flow Processes -- 2.2.2.5 Water Balance -- 2.2.3 Mann-Kendall Test -- 2.3 Results -- 2.3.1 Model Setup and Sensitivity Analysis -- 2.3.2 Water Balance of the Koshi River -- 2.3.3 Total Runoff and Runoff Components -- 2.3.4 Subbasin Variations of the Runoff Component -- 2.4 Discussion -- 2.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 Assessment and Prediction of Water Yield in the Chandra Basin, Western Himalaya, India: : Using Physical Basis SWAT Model and Machine Learning -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Study Area -- 3.3 Methodology -- 3.3.1 SWAT Model -- 3.3.1.1 Land Use/Land Cover -- 3.3.1.2 Soil Database -- 3.3.1.3 Weather Datasets -- 3.3.1.4 SWAT Simulation -- 3.3.2 Evaluation of Runoff in the Near Future -- 3.3.2.1 SWAT-LassoRegression Method -- 3.3.2.2 SWAT-RidgeRegression Method -- 3.3.2.3 SWAT-Elastic-NetRegression Method -- 3.3.3 Performance Metrics -- 3.3.4 Results and Observations -- 3.4 Conclusion(s) -- Acknowledgments -- Ethical Approval and Responsibilities of Authors.
Consent to Participate -- Consent to Publish -- Funding -- Competing Interests -- Author(s) Contributions -- Availability of Data and Materials -- References -- Chapter 4 Assessment of Suspended Sediment Properties and Particle Load for Optimal Operation of Hydropower Plants in the Himalayan Region -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Hydropower in India -- 4.3 Challenges of Hydropower Development in the Himalayas -- 4.4 Impact of Sediment on HPP -- 4.5 Alaknanda River Basin -- 4.6 Sutlej River Basin -- 4.7 Suspended Sediment Properties -- 4.7.1 SSC -- 4.7.2 PSD -- 4.7.3 Shape -- 4.7.4 Mineralogy -- 4.7.5 International Standard IEC 62364 (2019) -- 4.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Hydrochemistry and Quality Assessment of High-Altitudinal Kareri Lake, Northwest Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Information of the Study Site -- 5.3 Methodology -- 5.4 Results and Discussion -- 5.5 Hydrochemistry of the Lake -- 5.6 Qualitative Characteristics of Lake -- 5.7 Pearson Correlation Coefficient -- 5.8 Comparison of Different Parameters of Kareri with Other Himalayan Lakes -- 5.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Water Quality Assessment of Lakes in Mountain Region with Spatial Reference to Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Sources of Pollution in Mountain Lakes -- 6.1.1.1 Geological Processes -- 6.1.1.2 Vegetation Decay -- 6.1.1.3 Wildlife Activities -- 6.1.1.4 Wildfires -- 6.1.1.5 Natural Erosion -- 6.2 Study Area and Site Description -- 6.2.1 Materials and Methods -- 6.2.2 Water Quality Index (WQI) -- 6.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.3.1 Water Quality Index (WQI) -- 6.4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Chapter 7 Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality in Leh Town, Trans-Himalaya, India Using Entropy Water Quality Index -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and Methods. 7.2.1 Study Area Profile -- 7.2.2 Sampling and Analytical Methods -- 7.2.3 Entropy Water Quality Index -- 7.2.4 Evaluation Groundwater Quality for Irrigation -- 7.2.5 Statistical Analysis -- 7.2.6 Evaluation of Deterministic Potential Risks to Human Health -- 7.3 Results and Discussions -- 7.3.1 Assessing the Suitability of Groundwater for Drinking -- 7.3.2 Entropy Water Quality Index modelling -- 7.3.3 Potability of Groundwater for Irrigation -- 7.3.4 Classification of Water -- 7.3.4.1 Hydrochemical Facies -- 7.3.4.2 Mechanism Controlling the Hydrochemistry -- 7.3.5 Statistical Analysis -- 7.3.5.1 Pearson Correlation -- 7.3.5.2 Principal Component Analysis -- 7.3.6 Deterministic Health Risk -- 7.4 Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 8 Revival of Drying Springs in Mountainous Regions of the Himalayas - Inferences from an Isotope Hydrochemical Study -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Study Area -- 8.2.1 General Geology -- 8.3 Rainfall and Climate -- 8.3.1 Isala -- 8.3.2 Kakodakhal -- 8.4 Sampling and Analytical Techniques -- 8.5 Chemical Species -- 8.6 Stable Isotopes (2H, and 18O) -- 8.7 Radioactive Isotope (3H) -- 8.8 Results and Discussion -- 8.9 Discharge Rate Analysis -- 8.9.1 Isala -- 8.9.2 Kakodakhal -- 8.10 Hydrochemistry -- 8.10.1 Isala -- 8.10.2 Kakodakhal -- 8.11 Environmental Isotopes -- 8.11.1 Isala -- 8.11.2 Kakodakhal -- 8.12 Isotopic Inferences and Recommendations -- 8.13 Impact of Artificial Recharge Measures -- 8.14 Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 9 Biogeochemical Characterization of Water Resources in the Indian Himalayan Regions -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Factors Impacting Water Resources -- 9.2.1 Biological Factors -- 9.2.2 Chemical Factors -- 9.2.3 Geological Factors -- 9.3 Monitoring, Assessment, Management, and Treatment -- 9.3.1 Monitoring and Assessment -- 9.3.2 Management and Treatment. 9.4 Case Studies -- 9.4.1 Evaluation of the Biotic and Abiotic Condition of the Alaknanda River in Uttarakhand (Biological) -- 9.4.2 Pollution of Heavy Metals at Kameng River in Arunachal Pradesh (Chemical) -- 9.4.3 Ritualistic Practices and Pollution of the Tawi River in Jammu District (Geological) -- 9.4.4 Water Conservation and Management Practices in the Duga Region in Sikkim (Management) -- 9.5 Conclusion -- 9.6 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 10 Mountainous Water Resources: Understanding Microbial Dynamics, Ecological Resilience, and Sustainable Management Strategies amidst Climatic Challenges -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.1.1 Exposition of Mountainous Water Resources -- 10.1.2 Imperative of Microbial Dynamics in Environmental Ecosystem -- 10.1.3 A Brief Account of Challenges Climate Change Poses to Mountainous Water Coffers -- 10.2 Microbial Dynamics and Mountainous Water Resources -- 10.2.1 Inquisition of the Significance of Microbial Ecosystems in Mountainous Water Systems -- 10.2.2 Interaction Between Microbial Communities and Climatic Variables -- 10.2.3 Essence of Microbial Retorts for Ecological Stability in Mountainous Regions -- 10.3 Climatic Challenges and Extreme Climatic Affairs -- 10.3.1 Situations Leading to Changes in Ecosystem and Microbial Group Dynamics -- 10.3.1.1 Temperature Fluctuations -- 10.3.1.2 UV Radiation Exposure -- 10.3.1.3 Oxygen Levels -- 10.3.1.4 Extreme Weather Events -- 10.3.1.5 Nutrient Limitation -- 10.3.1.6 Seasonal Changes -- 10.3.2 Investigation of Climatic Challenges Encountered by Water Resources in Mountainous Regions -- 10.3.3 Influence of Extreme Weather Occurrences, Including Precipitation and Heat Waves, on Microbial Communities -- 10.3.4 Interaction Between Microbial Dynamics, Climate-Related Issues, and Ecosystem Health -- 10.3.4.1 Microbial Dynamics -- 10.3.4.2 Climate-Related Issues. 10.3.4.3 Interaction -- 10.4 Mountainous Ecological Resilience -- 10.4.1 Exploring the Notion of Ecological Resilience in Mountain Regions -- 10.4.1.1 Sensitivity to Environmental Changes -- 10.4.1.2 Biodiversity as a Resilience Indicator -- 10.4.1.3 Altitude Gradients and Microclimates -- 10.4.1.4 Soil Stability and Water Dynamics -- 10.4.1.5 Interconnectedness of Ecosystem Components -- 10.4.2 Contribution of Microbial Dynamics to Ecological Resilience -- 10.4.3 Case Studies Exhibiting Thriving Ecological Resilience in Mountains -- 10.4.3.1 The Bhutanese Himalayas -- 10.4.3.2 The Swiss Alps -- 10.5 Strategies for Sustainable Management -- 10.5.1 Significance of Sustainable Management Tactics to Safeguard Water Resources in the Mountains -- 10.5.1.1 Ecosystem Health and Biodiversity Preservation -- 10.5.1.2 Downstream Water Supply -- 10.5.1.3 Climate Regulation and Adaptation -- 10.5.1.4 Prevention of Soil Erosion -- 10.5.1.5 Hydroelectric Power Generation -- 10.5.1.6 Balancing Water Use for Agriculture -- 10.5.1.7 Promotion of Transboundary Water Cooperation -- 10.5.2 Discussion on Contemporary Challenges and Voids in Sustainable Management for Mountains -- 10.5.3 Investigating Efficacious Strategies and Approaches for the Sustainable Management of Water Resources in Mountainous Regions -- 10.5.3.1 Watershed Management Programs -- 10.5.3.2 Afforestation and Reforestation -- 10.5.3.3 Sustainable Agricultural Practices -- 10.5.3.4 Community-BasedWater Management -- 10.5.3.5 Smart Technologies for Monitoring -- 10.5.3.6 Indigenous Water Governance -- 10.6 Vulnerability and Adaptability -- 10.6.1 Investigation of Mountainous Water Resources' Vulnerability to Climatic Challenges -- 10.6.1.1 Melting of Glaciers and Snowpacks -- 10.6.1.2 Altered Precipitation Patterns -- 10.6.1.3 Increased Evaporation Rates -- 10.6.1.4 Changing Ecosystems. 10.6.2 Analysis of Strategies for Adaptation Employed by the Ecological System in Mountains. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910991095603321 |
Bahadur Singh Virendra
|
||
| Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2025 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment
| Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment |
| Autore | Bahadur Singh Virendra |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2024 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (410 pages) |
| Disciplina | 551.302 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
MadhavSughosh
Chandra PantNaresh ShekharRavi |
| ISBN |
1-394-15736-3
1-394-15734-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga: A Review -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Source of Heavy Metals -- 1.2.1 Natural Sources -- 1.2.2 Anthropogenic Sources -- 1.3 Effects on Human Health -- 1.4 Status of Heavy Metal in the Sediment of River Ganga -- 1.4.1 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga Before 2010 -- 1.4.2 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga After 2010 -- 1.5 Comparative Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediment -- 1.6 Mitigation Strategies -- 1.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Synergistic Process of Weathering and Erosion: Techniques of Measurement and Their Significance -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Weathering and Erosion: Synergistic Approach -- 2.2 Method of Measuring Rock Surface Change -- 2.2.1 Measurement with Quartz Resistant Mineral Vein as Natural Reference -- 2.2.2 Measurement with Anthropogenic Features as Reference -- 2.3 Contact Methods -- 2.4 Noncontact Methods -- 2.4.1 Measurement of Surface Recession Rate Using Micro-catchement -- 2.4.2 Measurement of Surface Recession Rate by Using Rock Exposure Trial -- 2.4.3 Measurement Using Principle of Photogrammetry -- 2.4.4 Light Source-Based Techniques for Measuring Rate of Weathering -- 2.4.5 Measurement Using Cosmogenic Dating -- 2.5 Techniques of Measuring Subsurface Changes in Rock -- 2.5.1 Perpendicular Cut Technique of Rock to Surface -- 2.5.2 Technique of Strength Testing -- 2.5.3 Measurement for the Test of Porosity -- 2.5.4 Measurement for the Test of Internal Stress/Strain -- 2.5.5 Measurement Based on Moisture Content or Its Distribution -- 2.6 Techniques Based on Microscope for Measuring Rate of Weathering -- 2.6.1 Technique Based on Stereo/Dissecting Microscope.
2.6.2 Measurement Based on Petrographic Microscopy of Thin Sections or Acetate Peels -- 2.6.3 Measurement Based on Confocal Scanning Microscopic Technique (CSML) -- 2.6.4 Technique Based on Structured Light Illumination Microscopy (SLIM) -- 2.7 Techniques Based on Infrared Microscopic Techniques -- 2.7.1 Technique Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy (FTIR) -- 2.8 Techniques Based on Electron Microscopic Techniques -- 2.8.1 Technique of SEM -- 2.8.2 Technique Based on Backscattered Electron Detection (BSE) or SEM with X-Ray Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) -- 2.8.3 Technique Based on Cryo-SEM (Low-Temperature SEM) -- 2.8.4 Technique Based on Environmental SEM/Variable Pressure SEM -- 2.8.5 Technique Based on TEM/High-Resolution TEM/FTIR Microscopy -- 2.8.6 Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) -- 2.9 Techniques Based on Force Microscopy -- 2.9.1 Method Based on Scanning Force Microscopy (SFM)/Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) -- 2.10 Technique Based on 3D X-Ray Microscopy Computed Tomography (CT) -- 2.10.1 Measurement Based on X-Ray CT/Micro-CT/Nano-CT -- 2.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Comparison of Major Hydrogeochemical Processes in Coastal Sedimentary and Hard Rock Aquifers of South India -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Study Area -- 3.2.1 Sedimentary Aquifer, Cuddalore District -- 3.2.2 Hard Aquifer, Tuticorin District -- 3.3 Material and Methods -- 3.4 Results and Discussion -- 3.4.1 Water Chemistry -- 3.4.2 Geochemical Classification -- 3.4.3 Gibbs Method -- 3.4.4 Statistics -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Textural and Mineralogical Signatures of Fluvial Sediments in Mountain Streams of Contrasting Climates in the Southern Western Ghats (India) -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Study Area -- 4.3 Methodological Framework -- 4.4 Results and Discussion. 4.4.1 Spatial Variability in the Grain-Size Distribution of Fluvial Sediments -- 4.4.2 Mineral Assemblage of the Fluvial Sediments -- 4.4.3 Effect of Topography and Climate on Sediment Characteristics -- 4.5 Summary and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5 Crucial Interplay of Microbial Communities in Controlling the Geogenic Processes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mechanical/Physical Weathering -- 5.3 Chemical Weathering -- 5.4 Biological Weathering -- 5.5 Weathering by Plants -- 5.6 Weathering by Animals -- 5.7 Microbial Weathering -- 5.8 Mechanisms of Microbial Weathering -- 5.8.1 Microbial Diversity Involved in Biological Weathering -- 5.8.2 Applications of Omics Technologies to Understand the Mechanism of Weathering -- 5.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Evolution of Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Vulnerability of Western Himalayan Lake Sukhna, India -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Study Area -- 6.3 Data Used and Methodology -- 6.3.1 Data Used -- 6.3.2 Determination of Bulk Density, Dry Density, Moisture Contents -- 6.3.3 Measurement of Cs-137 Activity -- 6.4 Results and Discussion -- 6.4.1 Bulk Density, Dry Density, and Moisture Contents -- 6.4.2 Caesium-137 Activity -- 6.4.3 Sediment Deposition Profiles -- 6.4.4 Computation of Sedimentation Rate -- 6.4.5 Comparison with Garde and Kothyari (1987) Model -- 6.4.6 Analysis of Impact of Conservation Measures on Soil Erosion -- 6.5 Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Author Contribution -- References -- Chapter 7 Geochemical Characterization and Baseline Determination of Trace Elements in Stream Waters from a Part of the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and Methods -- 7.2.1 Study Area -- 7.2.2 Hydrographic Characteristics, Land Use, and Climate Conditions of the Region -- 7.2.3 Geological Setting of the Region. 7.2.4 Sampling and Analytical Methods -- 7.2.5 Data Preparation and Quality Control -- 7.2.6 Statistical Treatment of Data -- 7.2.7 Spatial Distribution Maps -- 7.2.8 Estimation of Geochemical Baseline Threshold Values -- 7.3 Results -- 7.3.1 Basic Statistics of the Water Quality Data -- 7.3.2 Seasonal Variation of Water Quality Variables -- 7.3.3 Spatial Distribution of Water Quality Variables -- 7.3.4 Multivariate Statistics -- 7.3.5 Estimated Geochemical Baseline Values -- 7.4 Discussion -- 7.4.1 Physicochemical Characteristics and Seasonal Variation of the Chemical Composition -- 7.4.2 Geogenic and/or Anthropic Influence on the Chemistry of Subbasin Surface Water -- 7.4.3 Comparison Between the Geochemical Signature in the Waters of MISB and Other Subbasins of IRW -- 7.4.4 Geochemical Baseline Levels in the Surface Waters of the Subbasin -- 7.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8 Identifying the Footprints of Meteorological, Tectonic, and Anthropogenic Parameters on Sediment Transport in the Indus River System: A Review -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Study Area -- 8.3 Geological and Tectonic Settings -- 8.4 Hydrologic Regime of the IRB -- 8.5 Climate Settings of the IRB -- 8.6 Precipitation in the IRB -- 8.7 Evaluation of Projections of Hydrometeorological Trends of the IRB -- 8.7.1 Evaluation of Temperature Trends and Projections in the IRB -- 8.7.2 Evaluation of Precipitation Trends and Projections in the IRB -- 8.7.3 Sediment Yield and Related Factors in IRB -- 8.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 An Implication of Enhanced Rock Weathering on the Groundwater Quality: A Case Study from Wardha Valley Coalfields, Central India -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Study Area -- 9.3 Geology -- 9.4 Methodology -- 9.5 Characterization of the Groundwater -- 9.5.1 Hydro-Geochemistry -- 9.5.2 Metal Chemistry. 9.6 Spatial Source Approximation -- 9.6.1 PCA -- 9.6.2 Interpolations of the Factor Scores -- 9.7 Temporal Approximation -- 9.7.1 Gray Sandstone (P1) -- 9.7.2 Carbonaceous-Micaceous Siltstone (P2) -- 9.7.3 Carbonaceous Shale (P3) -- 9.7.4 Pink-Colored Ferruginous Sandstone (P4) -- 9.7.5 Yellow-Colored Ferruginous Sandstone (P5) -- 9.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 Soil Loss Rates in Trans-Himalayan Region: Case Study of Shyok Suture Zone, Ladakh, India -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Study Area -- 10.3 Data and Methodology -- 10.3.1 Rainfall Erosivity (R Factor) -- 10.3.2 Soil Erodibility (Factor K) -- 10.3.3 Crop Management (C Factor) and Support Practice (P Factor) -- 10.3.4 Topographic Factor (LS Factor) -- 10.4 Result and Discussion -- 10.4.1 Rate of Soil Loss and Spatial Distribution -- 10.4.2 Rate of Soil Loss in Rainfall, LULC, and Soil Texture -- 10.4.3 Rate of Erosion in the Himalayas -- 10.4.4 Comparison of Long-Term and Short-Term Rate of Soil Erosion -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11 Microbial Weathering of Rocks in Natural Habitat: Genetic Basis and Omics-Based Exploration -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Microbial Diversity of Extreme Habitats -- 11.2.1 Low-Temperature Regions -- 11.2.2 High-Temperature Regions -- 11.2.3 Mines -- 11.3 Factors Affecting Bio-Weathering -- 11.3.1 Physical Factors -- 11.3.2 Chemical Factors -- 11.4 Genes and Microbial Pathways -- 11.5 Microbial Interactions in Bio-Weathering -- 11.5.1 Biofilms in Microbial Weathering -- 11.5.2 Symbiotic Interactions in Microbial Weathering -- 11.6 Importance of Bio-Weathering -- 11.6.1 Soil Fertility and Plant Growth Promotion -- 11.6.2 Bioremediation -- 11.6.3 Biorestoration -- 11.7 Omics to Explore Microbial Weathering of Rocks -- 11.8 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References. Chapter 12 Occurrence of Arsenic (As) in the Aquatic Environment Due to Weathering and Erosion. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910829903203321 |
|
Bahadur Singh Virendra
|
||
| Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2024 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment
| Weathering and Erosion Processes in the Natural Environment |
| Autore | Bahadur Singh Virendra |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2024 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (410 pages) |
| Disciplina | 551.302 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
MadhavSughosh
Chandra PantNaresh ShekharRavi |
| Soggetto topico |
Weathering
Erosion |
| ISBN |
9781394157365
1394157363 9781394157341 1394157347 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga: A Review -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Source of Heavy Metals -- 1.2.1 Natural Sources -- 1.2.2 Anthropogenic Sources -- 1.3 Effects on Human Health -- 1.4 Status of Heavy Metal in the Sediment of River Ganga -- 1.4.1 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga Before 2010 -- 1.4.2 Heavy Metals in the Sediment of River Ganga After 2010 -- 1.5 Comparative Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediment -- 1.6 Mitigation Strategies -- 1.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Synergistic Process of Weathering and Erosion: Techniques of Measurement and Their Significance -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 Weathering and Erosion: Synergistic Approach -- 2.2 Method of Measuring Rock Surface Change -- 2.2.1 Measurement with Quartz Resistant Mineral Vein as Natural Reference -- 2.2.2 Measurement with Anthropogenic Features as Reference -- 2.3 Contact Methods -- 2.4 Noncontact Methods -- 2.4.1 Measurement of Surface Recession Rate Using Micro-catchement -- 2.4.2 Measurement of Surface Recession Rate by Using Rock Exposure Trial -- 2.4.3 Measurement Using Principle of Photogrammetry -- 2.4.4 Light Source-Based Techniques for Measuring Rate of Weathering -- 2.4.5 Measurement Using Cosmogenic Dating -- 2.5 Techniques of Measuring Subsurface Changes in Rock -- 2.5.1 Perpendicular Cut Technique of Rock to Surface -- 2.5.2 Technique of Strength Testing -- 2.5.3 Measurement for the Test of Porosity -- 2.5.4 Measurement for the Test of Internal Stress/Strain -- 2.5.5 Measurement Based on Moisture Content or Its Distribution -- 2.6 Techniques Based on Microscope for Measuring Rate of Weathering -- 2.6.1 Technique Based on Stereo/Dissecting Microscope.
2.6.2 Measurement Based on Petrographic Microscopy of Thin Sections or Acetate Peels -- 2.6.3 Measurement Based on Confocal Scanning Microscopic Technique (CSML) -- 2.6.4 Technique Based on Structured Light Illumination Microscopy (SLIM) -- 2.7 Techniques Based on Infrared Microscopic Techniques -- 2.7.1 Technique Based on Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy (FTIR) -- 2.8 Techniques Based on Electron Microscopic Techniques -- 2.8.1 Technique of SEM -- 2.8.2 Technique Based on Backscattered Electron Detection (BSE) or SEM with X-Ray Energy-Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) -- 2.8.3 Technique Based on Cryo-SEM (Low-Temperature SEM) -- 2.8.4 Technique Based on Environmental SEM/Variable Pressure SEM -- 2.8.5 Technique Based on TEM/High-Resolution TEM/FTIR Microscopy -- 2.8.6 Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) -- 2.9 Techniques Based on Force Microscopy -- 2.9.1 Method Based on Scanning Force Microscopy (SFM)/Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) -- 2.10 Technique Based on 3D X-Ray Microscopy Computed Tomography (CT) -- 2.10.1 Measurement Based on X-Ray CT/Micro-CT/Nano-CT -- 2.11 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Comparison of Major Hydrogeochemical Processes in Coastal Sedimentary and Hard Rock Aquifers of South India -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Study Area -- 3.2.1 Sedimentary Aquifer, Cuddalore District -- 3.2.2 Hard Aquifer, Tuticorin District -- 3.3 Material and Methods -- 3.4 Results and Discussion -- 3.4.1 Water Chemistry -- 3.4.2 Geochemical Classification -- 3.4.3 Gibbs Method -- 3.4.4 Statistics -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Textural and Mineralogical Signatures of Fluvial Sediments in Mountain Streams of Contrasting Climates in the Southern Western Ghats (India) -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Study Area -- 4.3 Methodological Framework -- 4.4 Results and Discussion. 4.4.1 Spatial Variability in the Grain-Size Distribution of Fluvial Sediments -- 4.4.2 Mineral Assemblage of the Fluvial Sediments -- 4.4.3 Effect of Topography and Climate on Sediment Characteristics -- 4.5 Summary and Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5 Crucial Interplay of Microbial Communities in Controlling the Geogenic Processes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Mechanical/Physical Weathering -- 5.3 Chemical Weathering -- 5.4 Biological Weathering -- 5.5 Weathering by Plants -- 5.6 Weathering by Animals -- 5.7 Microbial Weathering -- 5.8 Mechanisms of Microbial Weathering -- 5.8.1 Microbial Diversity Involved in Biological Weathering -- 5.8.2 Applications of Omics Technologies to Understand the Mechanism of Weathering -- 5.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Evolution of Soil Erosion and Sedimentation Vulnerability of Western Himalayan Lake Sukhna, India -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Study Area -- 6.3 Data Used and Methodology -- 6.3.1 Data Used -- 6.3.2 Determination of Bulk Density, Dry Density, Moisture Contents -- 6.3.3 Measurement of Cs-137 Activity -- 6.4 Results and Discussion -- 6.4.1 Bulk Density, Dry Density, and Moisture Contents -- 6.4.2 Caesium-137 Activity -- 6.4.3 Sediment Deposition Profiles -- 6.4.4 Computation of Sedimentation Rate -- 6.4.5 Comparison with Garde and Kothyari (1987) Model -- 6.4.6 Analysis of Impact of Conservation Measures on Soil Erosion -- 6.5 Summary and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Author Contribution -- References -- Chapter 7 Geochemical Characterization and Baseline Determination of Trace Elements in Stream Waters from a Part of the Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and Methods -- 7.2.1 Study Area -- 7.2.2 Hydrographic Characteristics, Land Use, and Climate Conditions of the Region -- 7.2.3 Geological Setting of the Region. 7.2.4 Sampling and Analytical Methods -- 7.2.5 Data Preparation and Quality Control -- 7.2.6 Statistical Treatment of Data -- 7.2.7 Spatial Distribution Maps -- 7.2.8 Estimation of Geochemical Baseline Threshold Values -- 7.3 Results -- 7.3.1 Basic Statistics of the Water Quality Data -- 7.3.2 Seasonal Variation of Water Quality Variables -- 7.3.3 Spatial Distribution of Water Quality Variables -- 7.3.4 Multivariate Statistics -- 7.3.5 Estimated Geochemical Baseline Values -- 7.4 Discussion -- 7.4.1 Physicochemical Characteristics and Seasonal Variation of the Chemical Composition -- 7.4.2 Geogenic and/or Anthropic Influence on the Chemistry of Subbasin Surface Water -- 7.4.3 Comparison Between the Geochemical Signature in the Waters of MISB and Other Subbasins of IRW -- 7.4.4 Geochemical Baseline Levels in the Surface Waters of the Subbasin -- 7.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 8 Identifying the Footprints of Meteorological, Tectonic, and Anthropogenic Parameters on Sediment Transport in the Indus River System: A Review -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Study Area -- 8.3 Geological and Tectonic Settings -- 8.4 Hydrologic Regime of the IRB -- 8.5 Climate Settings of the IRB -- 8.6 Precipitation in the IRB -- 8.7 Evaluation of Projections of Hydrometeorological Trends of the IRB -- 8.7.1 Evaluation of Temperature Trends and Projections in the IRB -- 8.7.2 Evaluation of Precipitation Trends and Projections in the IRB -- 8.7.3 Sediment Yield and Related Factors in IRB -- 8.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 An Implication of Enhanced Rock Weathering on the Groundwater Quality: A Case Study from Wardha Valley Coalfields, Central India -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Study Area -- 9.3 Geology -- 9.4 Methodology -- 9.5 Characterization of the Groundwater -- 9.5.1 Hydro-Geochemistry -- 9.5.2 Metal Chemistry. 9.6 Spatial Source Approximation -- 9.6.1 PCA -- 9.6.2 Interpolations of the Factor Scores -- 9.7 Temporal Approximation -- 9.7.1 Gray Sandstone (P1) -- 9.7.2 Carbonaceous-Micaceous Siltstone (P2) -- 9.7.3 Carbonaceous Shale (P3) -- 9.7.4 Pink-Colored Ferruginous Sandstone (P4) -- 9.7.5 Yellow-Colored Ferruginous Sandstone (P5) -- 9.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 Soil Loss Rates in Trans-Himalayan Region: Case Study of Shyok Suture Zone, Ladakh, India -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Study Area -- 10.3 Data and Methodology -- 10.3.1 Rainfall Erosivity (R Factor) -- 10.3.2 Soil Erodibility (Factor K) -- 10.3.3 Crop Management (C Factor) and Support Practice (P Factor) -- 10.3.4 Topographic Factor (LS Factor) -- 10.4 Result and Discussion -- 10.4.1 Rate of Soil Loss and Spatial Distribution -- 10.4.2 Rate of Soil Loss in Rainfall, LULC, and Soil Texture -- 10.4.3 Rate of Erosion in the Himalayas -- 10.4.4 Comparison of Long-Term and Short-Term Rate of Soil Erosion -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11 Microbial Weathering of Rocks in Natural Habitat: Genetic Basis and Omics-Based Exploration -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Microbial Diversity of Extreme Habitats -- 11.2.1 Low-Temperature Regions -- 11.2.2 High-Temperature Regions -- 11.2.3 Mines -- 11.3 Factors Affecting Bio-Weathering -- 11.3.1 Physical Factors -- 11.3.2 Chemical Factors -- 11.4 Genes and Microbial Pathways -- 11.5 Microbial Interactions in Bio-Weathering -- 11.5.1 Biofilms in Microbial Weathering -- 11.5.2 Symbiotic Interactions in Microbial Weathering -- 11.6 Importance of Bio-Weathering -- 11.6.1 Soil Fertility and Plant Growth Promotion -- 11.6.2 Bioremediation -- 11.6.3 Biorestoration -- 11.7 Omics to Explore Microbial Weathering of Rocks -- 11.8 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References. Chapter 12 Occurrence of Arsenic (As) in the Aquatic Environment Due to Weathering and Erosion. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9911019272003321 |
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Bahadur Singh Virendra
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| Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2024 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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