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Technology and Finance / / Anna Ilyina, Roberto Samaniego
| Technology and Finance / / Anna Ilyina, Roberto Samaniego |
| Autore | Ilyina Anna |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (44 p.) |
| Disciplina | 332.09593 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | SamaniegoRoberto |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Industries - Finance - Econometric models
Technology - Economic aspects - Econometric models Industrialization - Econometric models Finance: General Labor Public Finance Industries: Financial Services Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy Human Capital Skills Occupational Choice Labor Productivity Banks Depository Institutions Micro Finance Institutions Mortgages Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures Other Public Investment and Capital Stock Finance Labour income economics Technology general issues Public finance & taxation Financial sector development Human capital Collateral Capital spending Financial services industry Loans Capital investments |
| ISBN |
1-4623-0534-2
1-4527-8843-X 1-282-84133-5 1-4518-7040-X 9786612841330 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Contents; I. Introduction; II. Theories of Finance and Technology; A. Financial Development and the Ability to Raise Funds; B. Financial Development and the Need to Raise Funds; C. Financial Development and Industry Growth; D. Technology; Tables; 1. Production Technology: Need for External Finance vs. Ability to Raise External Funds; III. Data; A. Finance Dependence; B. Technological Measures; C. Financial Development Measures; IV. Empirical Relationships between Technological Measures and EFD; V. Technology, Financial Development and Industry Growth; VI. Persistence and Robustness
A. 1970's and 1990's B. Other Measures of Financial Development; C. Endogeneity of Financial Development; D. Does Firm Age Matter?; Figure; 1. EFD, LMP and RND over the Firm Lifecycle; VII. Concluding Remarks; 2A. Industry Classification and Technological Measures; 2B. Financial Development Measures; 3. Correlations Across Decades; 4. Correlations Among Technological Measures; 5. Correlations of Technological Measures with EFD; 6. Cross-country Industry Growth Regressions with CRE as a Measure of Financial Development; 7. The "Horse Race" between EFD, LMP and RND 8. Cross-country Industry Growth Regressions with CAP as a Measure of Financial Development... 9. Cross-country Industry Growth Regressions with FOR as a Measure of Financial Development; 10. Cross-country Industry Growth Regressions with Lagged Financial Development Measures; 11. Cross-country Industry Growth Regressions with Instrumental Variables; 12. Correlations between RND, EFD, LMP for Young and Mature Firms; 13. Cross-country Industry Growth Regressions for Different Age Groups; References |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910820683703321 |
Ilyina Anna
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Technology Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations : : How Well Does the RBC Model Fit Postwar U.S. Data? / / Jordi Gali Garreta, Pau Rabanal
| Technology Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations : : How Well Does the RBC Model Fit Postwar U.S. Data? / / Jordi Gali Garreta, Pau Rabanal |
| Autore | Gali Garreta Jordi |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2004 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (67 p.) |
| Altri autori (Persone) | RabanalPau |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Business cycles - United States
Technological innovations - Economic aspects - United States Macroeconomics Production and Operations Management Business Fluctuations Cycles Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) Labor Economics: General Human Capital Skills Occupational Choice Labor Productivity Price Level Inflation Deflation Technology general issues Economic growth Labour income economics Business cycles Labor Labor productivity Sticky prices Production Prices Labor economics |
| ISBN |
1-4623-5570-6
1-4527-4397-5 1-282-56220-7 9786613822499 1-4519-2025-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. ESTIMATING THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS""; ""III. POSSIBLE PITFALLS IN THE ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS""; ""IV. EXPLAINING THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS""; ""V. TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS AND THE BUSINESS CYCLE IN AN ESTIMATED DSGE MODEL""; ""VI. CONCLUSIONS""; ""VII. ADDENDUM: A RESPONSE TO ELLEN MCGRATTAN""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788518603321 |
|
Gali Garreta Jordi
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2004 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Technology Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations : : How Well Does the RBC Model Fit Postwar U.S. Data? / / Jordi Gali Garreta, Pau Rabanal
| Technology Shocks and Aggregate Fluctuations : : How Well Does the RBC Model Fit Postwar U.S. Data? / / Jordi Gali Garreta, Pau Rabanal |
| Autore | Gali Garreta Jordi |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2004 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (67 p.) |
| Altri autori (Persone) | RabanalPau |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Business cycles - United States
Technological innovations - Economic aspects - United States Macroeconomics Production and Operations Management Business Fluctuations Cycles Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) Labor Economics: General Human Capital Skills Occupational Choice Labor Productivity Price Level Inflation Deflation Technology general issues Economic growth Labour income economics Business cycles Labor Labor productivity Sticky prices Production Prices Labor economics |
| ISBN |
1-4623-5570-6
1-4527-4397-5 1-282-56220-7 9786613822499 1-4519-2025-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. ESTIMATING THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS""; ""III. POSSIBLE PITFALLS IN THE ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS""; ""IV. EXPLAINING THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS""; ""V. TECHNOLOGY SHOCKS AND THE BUSINESS CYCLE IN AN ESTIMATED DSGE MODEL""; ""VI. CONCLUSIONS""; ""VII. ADDENDUM: A RESPONSE TO ELLEN MCGRATTAN""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910809280703321 |
|
Gali Garreta Jordi
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2004 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Toward a New Social Contract : : Taking on Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia / / Maurizio Bussolo
| Toward a New Social Contract : : Taking on Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia / / Maurizio Bussolo |
| Autore | Bussolo Maurizio |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2018 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (248 pages) |
| Disciplina | 330.94055 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BussoloMaurizio |
| Collana | Europe and Central Asia Studies. |
| Soggetto topico |
Employment
Globalism Inequality Inequality Trap Middle Class Pensions Populism Social Contract Social Safety Nets Technological Change Technology |
| ISBN | 1-4648-1354-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- About the Authors and Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Regional Classifications Used in This Report -- Overview -- Distributional Tensions and the Need to Rethink the Social Contract -- Equity: A Key Aspiration in the Region -- Balancing Markets, Policies, and Preferences -- The Market-Generated Distribution of Incomes -- Public Policy Responses -- Preferences for Equity -- Fissures in the Social Contract -- Looking Ahead: Public Policies for a Stable Social Contract -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 1 Introduction -- Emerging Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia -- The Potential Implications for the Social Contract -- Is a Rethinking of the Social Contract in the Region Warranted? -- Notes -- References -- 2 Are Distributional Tensions Brewing in Europe and Central Asia? -- Inequality across Individuals in Europe and Central Asia -- Labor Market Polarization and the Shifting Demand for Skills -- An Increasing Generational Divide, and the Young Are Losing Ground -- Persistent Spatial Disparities across the Region -- Rising Inequality of Opportunity, Particularly in the East -- Distributional Tensions and the Path to a Middle-Class Society -- Annex 2A. Statistical Tables -- Notes -- References -- 3 Are Public Policies Equipped to Respond to Distributional Tensions? -- Labor Markets Are Changing, and Policy Is Not Ensuring Equal Protection -- The Impact of Tax and Transfer Systems on Income Redistribution -- Limited Labor Mobility Affects the Opportunities in High-Productivity Areas -- Annex 3A. Decomposition Analysis: Drivers of Change in Redistribution -- Annex 3B. Policy Changes That Have Contributed to Redistribution -- Annex 3C. The Impact of Taxes and Transfers on Redistribution -- Notes -- References.
4 The Social Contract: Do Distributional Tensions Matter? -- Introduction -- The Third Component of the Social Contract: The Preference for Equity -- There Are Fissures in the Social Contract in the Region -- Notes -- References -- 5 How Can the Stability of the Social Contract Be Restored? -- Introduction -- Promoting Growth and Protecting People -- Extending Social Protection to Everyone -- More Progressive Taxation -- Reducing Inequality of Opportunity through Improved Services -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- 2.1 Horizontal Inequality -- 2.2 Construction of Occupational Categories -- 2.3 Decomposing the Change in Wages: The Role of Occupational Change -- 2.4 Teachers and Drivers: Low Wages in High-Skill Occupations in the Former Soviet Union Economies -- 2.5 The Changing Education and Task Profile of Nonstandard Employment -- 2.6 A Closer Look at Spatial Disparities in the Russian Federation -- 2.7 Calculating Measures of Intergenerational Mobility -- 2.8 Defining the Middle Class -- 2.9 Defining the Absolute Middle-Class Threshold, a Vulnerability Approach -- 3.1 Labor Market Institutions Pick the Winners, France versus the United States -- 3.2 Italy: Toward One Type of Employment Contract -- 3.3 Housing and Labor Mobility Constraints in Kazakhstan -- 4.1 Preferences for Equity and Demand for Redistribution, a Brief Digression -- 5.1 The Perils of Excessive Employment Protection -- 5.2 Helping Displaced Workers through Active Labor Market Programs -- 5.3 Progressive Universalism -- 5.4 Types of Social Assistance Cash Transfers -- 5.5 Distributional and Fiscal Effects of a UBI, Selected EU Countries -- 5.6 Should Taxes Be Higher on Capital Income or on Wealth? -- Figures -- O. 1 The social contract as a dynamic equilibrium -- O.2 Distributional tensions along four dimensions are explored. O.3 Income inequality is much higher among cohorts born in the 1980s -- O.4 The employment share of routine task-intensive occupations has fallen in Europe -- O.5 The share of employment, by occupational category, early 2000s to mid-2010s -- O.6 Between-region spatial inequalities within countries have increased in the European Union -- O.7 The middle class in the European Union has become more vulnerable -- O.8 Measured changes in inequality explain little of the demand for redistribution -- O.9 Perceived inequality correlates strongly with the demand for redistribution -- O.10 At any decile of consumption, individuals more likely feel poor when they are not in full-time employment -- 1.1 Income inequality is lower in Europe and Central Asia than in most of the rest of the world -- 1.2 The social contract as a dynamic equilibrium -- 1.3 Distributional tensions along four dimensions are explored -- 2.1 Trends in income inequality, European Union, 1988-2015 -- 2.2 Trends in consumption inequality, former Soviet Union economies, Turkey, and Western Balkans, 1988-2013 -- 2.3 Gini index adjusted for the top incomes, 2011 -- 2.4 The number of billionaires and their net worth have increased -- 2.5 The declining share of labor income, particularly in transition economies -- 2.6 The employment share in routine task-intensive occupations has fallen in Europe -- 2.7 The share of employment, by occupational category, early 2000s to mid-2010s -- 2.8 Changes in wages, Germany, Poland, and Spain, 1990s to 2013 -- 2.9 Wage changes, Georgia, Kyrgyz Republic, Russian Federation, and Turkey, 1990s to 2010s -- B2.4.1 Distribution of teaching professionals, drivers, and mobile plant operators, initial year -- 2.10 Nonstandard employment (NSE) has expanded in most of Europe and Central Asia. 2.11 The composition of nonstandard employment differs in countries and regions -- B2.5.1 Changes in the education profile of workers, by employment type -- B2.5.2 Changes in task content, by employment type -- 2.12 Rising nonstandard employment (NSE), Southern and Western Europe -- 2.13 Rising nonstandard employment (NSE), Central and Northern Europe -- 2.14 Average job tenure has been mostly stable in Europe and Central Asia -- 2.15 Tenure is decreasing among the young, but less among the middle and older age-groups -- 2.16 Household income, by age of household head, Western, Northern, and Southern Europe -- 2.17 Household income, by age of household head, Central Europe, Baltic States, Russian Federation, and Turkey -- 2.18 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Southern Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.19 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Western Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.20 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Central Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.21 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Northern Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.22 Income inequality is much higher among cohorts born in the 1980s -- 2.23 Spatial disparities in welfare are not uncommon in the region -- 2.24 Gaps between urban and rural areas are largest in Georgia and Tajikistan and are negative only in Greece -- 2.25 Between-region inequality has widened in some countries -- 2.26 Inequality between urban and rural areas has increased in some countries -- 2.27 Gaps in mean consumption, circa 2003-13 -- 2.28 Between-region spatial inequalities within countries have increased in the European Union -- 2.29 Regional disparities in disposable income rose, were unchanged, or declined -- 2.30 The spatial dispersion of poverty rates has increased -- 2.31 Differences in characteristics and in returns to characteristics help explain welfare gaps across geographical areas, circa 2013. 2.32 Gaps in PISA reading scores: often equivalent to a year of schooling, urban and rural areas -- 2.33 Moldova: indicators of service quality, by region, 2013 -- 2.34 Income inequality, Europe, 2005 and 2011 -- 2.35 Trends in inequality of opportunity: France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom -- 2.36 Decomposition of inequality of opportunity in age and cohort effects, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom -- 2.37 Decomposition of inequality of opportunity -- 2.38 Income inequality and inequality of opportunity in obtaining income -- 2.39 Inequality of opportunity in tertiary education -- 2.40 Intergenerational persistence in education, Europe and Central Asia -- 2.41 Trends in the relative size of the middle class, Europe and Central Asia -- 2.42 Income classes, subregions of Europe and Central Asia, excluding the EU15 -- 2.43 Age-groups along the income distribution -- 2.44 Cumulative change in the share of people living in single-adult households, by country -- 2.45 Change in the share of people living in single-adult households, by income, France, Italy, Poland -- 2.46 The decline in single-breadwinner households across the region -- 2.47 The middle class in the European Union has become more vulnerable -- B2.9.1 The vulnerability-income function: identifying the middle-class threshold -- 2.48 The profile of those vulnerable to poverty now looks like the middle class of yesterday -- 3.1 Union membership -- 3.2 Employment protection and job quality, Europe and Central Asia versus the rest of the world -- 3.3 Employment protection differs within the region and has shifted -- 3.4 Protections governing contracts, Central Asia and OECD Europe, 1990-2009 -- 3.5 Spending on labor market interventions varies across the region -- 3.6 Employment protection, by contract type, Eastern Europe and Central Asia. 3.7 Employment structure, selected countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910793394003321 |
|
Bussolo Maurizio
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2018 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Toward a New Social Contract : : Taking on Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia / / Maurizio Bussolo
| Toward a New Social Contract : : Taking on Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia / / Maurizio Bussolo |
| Autore | Bussolo Maurizio |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2018 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (248 pages) |
| Disciplina | 330.94055 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BussoloMaurizio |
| Collana | Europe and Central Asia Studies. |
| Soggetto topico |
Employment
Globalism Inequality Inequality Trap Middle Class Pensions Populism Social Contract Social Safety Nets Technological Change Technology |
| ISBN | 1-4648-1354-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- About the Authors and Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Regional Classifications Used in This Report -- Overview -- Distributional Tensions and the Need to Rethink the Social Contract -- Equity: A Key Aspiration in the Region -- Balancing Markets, Policies, and Preferences -- The Market-Generated Distribution of Incomes -- Public Policy Responses -- Preferences for Equity -- Fissures in the Social Contract -- Looking Ahead: Public Policies for a Stable Social Contract -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 1 Introduction -- Emerging Distributional Tensions in Europe and Central Asia -- The Potential Implications for the Social Contract -- Is a Rethinking of the Social Contract in the Region Warranted? -- Notes -- References -- 2 Are Distributional Tensions Brewing in Europe and Central Asia? -- Inequality across Individuals in Europe and Central Asia -- Labor Market Polarization and the Shifting Demand for Skills -- An Increasing Generational Divide, and the Young Are Losing Ground -- Persistent Spatial Disparities across the Region -- Rising Inequality of Opportunity, Particularly in the East -- Distributional Tensions and the Path to a Middle-Class Society -- Annex 2A. Statistical Tables -- Notes -- References -- 3 Are Public Policies Equipped to Respond to Distributional Tensions? -- Labor Markets Are Changing, and Policy Is Not Ensuring Equal Protection -- The Impact of Tax and Transfer Systems on Income Redistribution -- Limited Labor Mobility Affects the Opportunities in High-Productivity Areas -- Annex 3A. Decomposition Analysis: Drivers of Change in Redistribution -- Annex 3B. Policy Changes That Have Contributed to Redistribution -- Annex 3C. The Impact of Taxes and Transfers on Redistribution -- Notes -- References.
4 The Social Contract: Do Distributional Tensions Matter? -- Introduction -- The Third Component of the Social Contract: The Preference for Equity -- There Are Fissures in the Social Contract in the Region -- Notes -- References -- 5 How Can the Stability of the Social Contract Be Restored? -- Introduction -- Promoting Growth and Protecting People -- Extending Social Protection to Everyone -- More Progressive Taxation -- Reducing Inequality of Opportunity through Improved Services -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- 2.1 Horizontal Inequality -- 2.2 Construction of Occupational Categories -- 2.3 Decomposing the Change in Wages: The Role of Occupational Change -- 2.4 Teachers and Drivers: Low Wages in High-Skill Occupations in the Former Soviet Union Economies -- 2.5 The Changing Education and Task Profile of Nonstandard Employment -- 2.6 A Closer Look at Spatial Disparities in the Russian Federation -- 2.7 Calculating Measures of Intergenerational Mobility -- 2.8 Defining the Middle Class -- 2.9 Defining the Absolute Middle-Class Threshold, a Vulnerability Approach -- 3.1 Labor Market Institutions Pick the Winners, France versus the United States -- 3.2 Italy: Toward One Type of Employment Contract -- 3.3 Housing and Labor Mobility Constraints in Kazakhstan -- 4.1 Preferences for Equity and Demand for Redistribution, a Brief Digression -- 5.1 The Perils of Excessive Employment Protection -- 5.2 Helping Displaced Workers through Active Labor Market Programs -- 5.3 Progressive Universalism -- 5.4 Types of Social Assistance Cash Transfers -- 5.5 Distributional and Fiscal Effects of a UBI, Selected EU Countries -- 5.6 Should Taxes Be Higher on Capital Income or on Wealth? -- Figures -- O. 1 The social contract as a dynamic equilibrium -- O.2 Distributional tensions along four dimensions are explored. O.3 Income inequality is much higher among cohorts born in the 1980s -- O.4 The employment share of routine task-intensive occupations has fallen in Europe -- O.5 The share of employment, by occupational category, early 2000s to mid-2010s -- O.6 Between-region spatial inequalities within countries have increased in the European Union -- O.7 The middle class in the European Union has become more vulnerable -- O.8 Measured changes in inequality explain little of the demand for redistribution -- O.9 Perceived inequality correlates strongly with the demand for redistribution -- O.10 At any decile of consumption, individuals more likely feel poor when they are not in full-time employment -- 1.1 Income inequality is lower in Europe and Central Asia than in most of the rest of the world -- 1.2 The social contract as a dynamic equilibrium -- 1.3 Distributional tensions along four dimensions are explored -- 2.1 Trends in income inequality, European Union, 1988-2015 -- 2.2 Trends in consumption inequality, former Soviet Union economies, Turkey, and Western Balkans, 1988-2013 -- 2.3 Gini index adjusted for the top incomes, 2011 -- 2.4 The number of billionaires and their net worth have increased -- 2.5 The declining share of labor income, particularly in transition economies -- 2.6 The employment share in routine task-intensive occupations has fallen in Europe -- 2.7 The share of employment, by occupational category, early 2000s to mid-2010s -- 2.8 Changes in wages, Germany, Poland, and Spain, 1990s to 2013 -- 2.9 Wage changes, Georgia, Kyrgyz Republic, Russian Federation, and Turkey, 1990s to 2010s -- B2.4.1 Distribution of teaching professionals, drivers, and mobile plant operators, initial year -- 2.10 Nonstandard employment (NSE) has expanded in most of Europe and Central Asia. 2.11 The composition of nonstandard employment differs in countries and regions -- B2.5.1 Changes in the education profile of workers, by employment type -- B2.5.2 Changes in task content, by employment type -- 2.12 Rising nonstandard employment (NSE), Southern and Western Europe -- 2.13 Rising nonstandard employment (NSE), Central and Northern Europe -- 2.14 Average job tenure has been mostly stable in Europe and Central Asia -- 2.15 Tenure is decreasing among the young, but less among the middle and older age-groups -- 2.16 Household income, by age of household head, Western, Northern, and Southern Europe -- 2.17 Household income, by age of household head, Central Europe, Baltic States, Russian Federation, and Turkey -- 2.18 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Southern Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.19 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Western Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.20 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Central Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.21 Average annual earnings, 30-34 age-group, Northern Europe, 2004-14 -- 2.22 Income inequality is much higher among cohorts born in the 1980s -- 2.23 Spatial disparities in welfare are not uncommon in the region -- 2.24 Gaps between urban and rural areas are largest in Georgia and Tajikistan and are negative only in Greece -- 2.25 Between-region inequality has widened in some countries -- 2.26 Inequality between urban and rural areas has increased in some countries -- 2.27 Gaps in mean consumption, circa 2003-13 -- 2.28 Between-region spatial inequalities within countries have increased in the European Union -- 2.29 Regional disparities in disposable income rose, were unchanged, or declined -- 2.30 The spatial dispersion of poverty rates has increased -- 2.31 Differences in characteristics and in returns to characteristics help explain welfare gaps across geographical areas, circa 2013. 2.32 Gaps in PISA reading scores: often equivalent to a year of schooling, urban and rural areas -- 2.33 Moldova: indicators of service quality, by region, 2013 -- 2.34 Income inequality, Europe, 2005 and 2011 -- 2.35 Trends in inequality of opportunity: France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom -- 2.36 Decomposition of inequality of opportunity in age and cohort effects, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom -- 2.37 Decomposition of inequality of opportunity -- 2.38 Income inequality and inequality of opportunity in obtaining income -- 2.39 Inequality of opportunity in tertiary education -- 2.40 Intergenerational persistence in education, Europe and Central Asia -- 2.41 Trends in the relative size of the middle class, Europe and Central Asia -- 2.42 Income classes, subregions of Europe and Central Asia, excluding the EU15 -- 2.43 Age-groups along the income distribution -- 2.44 Cumulative change in the share of people living in single-adult households, by country -- 2.45 Change in the share of people living in single-adult households, by income, France, Italy, Poland -- 2.46 The decline in single-breadwinner households across the region -- 2.47 The middle class in the European Union has become more vulnerable -- B2.9.1 The vulnerability-income function: identifying the middle-class threshold -- 2.48 The profile of those vulnerable to poverty now looks like the middle class of yesterday -- 3.1 Union membership -- 3.2 Employment protection and job quality, Europe and Central Asia versus the rest of the world -- 3.3 Employment protection differs within the region and has shifted -- 3.4 Protections governing contracts, Central Asia and OECD Europe, 1990-2009 -- 3.5 Spending on labor market interventions varies across the region -- 3.6 Employment protection, by contract type, Eastern Europe and Central Asia. 3.7 Employment structure, selected countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910806885303321 |
|
Bussolo Maurizio
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2018 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
The Trade Impact of China on EMU : : Is It Even Across Members? / / Esther Perez Ruiz, Uffe Mikkelsen
| The Trade Impact of China on EMU : : Is It Even Across Members? / / Esther Perez Ruiz, Uffe Mikkelsen |
| Autore | Perez Ruiz Esther |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (26 p.) |
| Altri autori (Persone) | MikkelsenUffe |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
International trade
Exports and Imports Finance: General Labor Neoclassical Models of Trade Empirical Studies of Trade Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General Trade: General General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) International economics Technology general issues Labour income economics Finance Wages Trade deficits Exports Competition Financial markets Balance of trade |
| ISBN |
1-4755-7471-1
1-4755-2223-1 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Trade and Sectoral Specialization: China and the Euro Area; Figures; 1. China's Exports to the Euro Area; 2. Sectoral Specialization in Ten Euro Area Countries, 2000 and 2007; III. A Ricardian-Gravity Trade Model; 3. Density Function for Technology; 4. Production Structure with 2 Countries and 2 Sectors; IV. Estimating Relative Competitiveness; 5a. Competitiveness in Nine Euro Area Countries and China (I); 5b. Competitiveness in Nine Euro Area Countries and China (II); V. Illustrative Scenarios; A. General Equilibrium; 6. Barriers to Export
B. The Impact of Trade Shocks on Euro Area Countries: Some Illustrative Scenarios7a. Adjustment to a Productivity Shock in Chinese Textiles; 7b. Adjustment to a Productivity Shock in Chinese Machinery; VI. Conclusion; 8. Adjustment via Higher Trade Deficits; Appendix: Sample and Data; Table; Table A1: Sectors; References |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910786483203321 |
|
Perez Ruiz Esther
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
The Trade Impact of China on EMU : : Is It Even Across Members? / / Esther Perez Ruiz, Uffe Mikkelsen
| The Trade Impact of China on EMU : : Is It Even Across Members? / / Esther Perez Ruiz, Uffe Mikkelsen |
| Autore | Perez Ruiz Esther |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (26 p.) |
| Disciplina | 332.1/52 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | MikkelsenUffe |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
International trade
Exports and Imports Finance: General Labor Neoclassical Models of Trade Empirical Studies of Trade Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General Trade: General General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) International economics Technology general issues Labour income economics Finance Wages Trade deficits Exports Competition Financial markets Balance of trade |
| ISBN |
1-4755-7471-1
1-4755-2223-1 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Trade and Sectoral Specialization: China and the Euro Area; Figures; 1. China's Exports to the Euro Area; 2. Sectoral Specialization in Ten Euro Area Countries, 2000 and 2007; III. A Ricardian-Gravity Trade Model; 3. Density Function for Technology; 4. Production Structure with 2 Countries and 2 Sectors; IV. Estimating Relative Competitiveness; 5a. Competitiveness in Nine Euro Area Countries and China (I); 5b. Competitiveness in Nine Euro Area Countries and China (II); V. Illustrative Scenarios; A. General Equilibrium; 6. Barriers to Export
B. The Impact of Trade Shocks on Euro Area Countries: Some Illustrative Scenarios7a. Adjustment to a Productivity Shock in Chinese Textiles; 7b. Adjustment to a Productivity Shock in Chinese Machinery; VI. Conclusion; 8. Adjustment via Higher Trade Deficits; Appendix: Sample and Data; Table; Table A1: Sectors; References |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910811405003321 |
|
Perez Ruiz Esther
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| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Ukraine : : The Cost of Weak Institutions / / Andrew Tiffin
| Ukraine : : The Cost of Weak Institutions / / Andrew Tiffin |
| Autore | Tiffin Andrew |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (29 p.) |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Economic development - Ukraine
Industrial productivity - Ukraine Labor Macroeconomics Public Finance Production and Operations Management Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions Human Capital Skills Occupational Choice Labor Productivity Macroeconomics: Production National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General Technology general issues Labour income economics Public finance & taxation Personal income Human capital Productivity Public expenditure review Income Industrial productivity Expenditures, Public |
| ISBN |
1-4623-9319-5
1-4527-6426-3 1-283-51317-X 9786613825629 1-4519-8592-4 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. EXPLAINING DIFFERENCES IN INCOME ""; ""III. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS""; ""IV. RESULTS""; ""V. IMPLICATIONS AND DISCUSSION""; ""VI. CAVEATS""; ""VII. CONCLUSIONS""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788409403321 |
|
Tiffin Andrew
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Ukraine : : The Cost of Weak Institutions / / Andrew Tiffin
| Ukraine : : The Cost of Weak Institutions / / Andrew Tiffin |
| Autore | Tiffin Andrew |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (29 p.) |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Economic development - Ukraine
Industrial productivity - Ukraine Labor Macroeconomics Public Finance Production and Operations Management Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions Human Capital Skills Occupational Choice Labor Productivity Macroeconomics: Production National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General Technology general issues Labour income economics Public finance & taxation Personal income Human capital Productivity Public expenditure review Income Industrial productivity Expenditures, Public |
| ISBN |
1-4623-9319-5
1-4527-6426-3 1-283-51317-X 9786613825629 1-4519-8592-4 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. EXPLAINING DIFFERENCES IN INCOME ""; ""III. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS""; ""IV. RESULTS""; ""V. IMPLICATIONS AND DISCUSSION""; ""VI. CAVEATS""; ""VII. CONCLUSIONS""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910817456103321 |
|
Tiffin Andrew
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||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
The Uncertainty Channel of Contagion / / Prakash Kannan, Fritzi Köhler-Geib
| The Uncertainty Channel of Contagion / / Prakash Kannan, Fritzi Köhler-Geib |
| Autore | Kannan Prakash |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2009 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (38 pages) |
| Altri autori (Persone) | Köhler-GeibFritzi |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Financial crises - Econometric models
Contagion (Social psychology) - Economic aspects Finance: General Financial Risk Management Macroeconomics General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Innovation Research and Development Technological Change Intellectual Property Rights: General Financial Crises Price Level Inflation Deflation Finance Technology general issues Economic & financial crises & disasters Stock markets Financial crises Emerging and frontier financial markets Asset prices Financial markets Prices Stock exchanges Financial services industry |
| ISBN |
1-4623-6181-1
1-4527-9647-5 9786612844232 1-4518-7366-2 1-282-84423-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910778591103321 |
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Kannan Prakash
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| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2009 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Soggetto topico
-
Technological Change
(33)
- Innovation (31)
- Intellectual Property Rights: General (31)
- Research and Development (31)
- Technology (30)