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Pharmaceuticals in the environment / / editors, R. E. Hester and R. M. Harrison
| Pharmaceuticals in the environment / / editors, R. E. Hester and R. M. Harrison |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cambridge, England : , : Royal Society of Chemistry, , 2016 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (313 p.) |
| Disciplina | 363.738 |
| Collana | Issues in Environmental Science and Technology |
| Soggetto topico |
Drugs - Environmental aspects
Pharmaceutical chemistry |
| ISBN |
1-5231-0193-8
1-78262-234-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; Preface; Editors; List of Contributors; The Pharmaceutical Industry and the Future of Drug Development; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Historical Background; 1.2 What is a Pharmaceutical?; 1.3 Environmental Impact; 2 The Pharmaceutical Industries; 3 Research, Discovery and Development; 3.1 Pre-clinical Trials; 3.2 Clinical Trials; 3.3 Environmental Issues; 4 Commercial Realities; 4.1 Problems with Patents; 4.2 Maintaining a Viable Business; 4.3 Access to Medicines; 5 The Pharmaceutical Industry in the Future; 5.1 Commercial Pressures; 5.2 Environmental Challenges; 6 Conclusions
ReferencesDistribution of Pharmaceutical Residues in the Environment; 1 Introduction; 2 Occurrence of Pharmaceuticals; 3 Reviews of Pharmaceutical Products; 4 Measured Concentrations; 5 Modelling to Complement and Extend the Utility of Field Programs; 5.1 Measure or Model?; 5.2 Estimates of API Consumption for Use in Modelling Analysis; 5.3 Modelling for Design of Field Surveys; 5.4 Elucidating Fate and Transport Mechanisms; 5.5 Critical Evaluation of Measured Concentrations; 5.6 Modelling to Support Human Health and Environmental Risk Assessments 5.6.1 Multimedia Models for Exposure Assessment5.6.2 Catchment Models for Exposure Assessment; 5.6.3 Global Models for Exposure Assessment; 5.7 Models to Evaluate Potential Impacts of Natural and Synthetic Estrogens; 5.8 Using Models to Evaluate Mitigation Strategies; 6 Conclusion; References; Pharmaceuticals in the Marine Environment; 1 Introduction; 2 Key Sources of Pharmaceuticals Entering the Marine Environment; 2.1 Human Pharmaceuticals and Illicit Drugs; 2.1.1 Sewage; 2.2 Veterinary Medicines; 2.2.1 Agriculture and Horticulture; 2.2.2 Aquaculture 2.3 Environmental Fate of PhACs in Marine Environments2.4 Concentrations of PhACs Measured in the Marine Environment; 2.4.1 Seawater; 2.4.1.1 Pharmaceuticals and Illicit Drugs; 2.5 Impacts on Marine Organisms ; 2.6 Human Health Concerns; 3 Conclusions; References; Sources of Pharmaceutical Residues in the Environment and their Control; 1 Introduction and Overview; 2 Pathways of Exposure; 3 Patient Consumption and Excretion; 3.1 Human Excretion; 3.2 APIs Excreted into the Sewage System Undergo Wastewater Treatment; 4 Emissions from Pharmaceutical Manufacturing 5 Unused Medicines and their Disposal5.1 Disposal in Municipal Solid Waste; 6 Wastewater Treatment; 7 Hospitals; 8 Minor Pathways; 8.1 Exposure through the Consumption of Foods; 8.2 Exposure through Water Consumption; 9 Conclusions; References; Pharmaceutical Residues in Sewage Treatment Works and their Fate in the Receiving Environment; 1 Introduction; 2 Pharmaceuticals in Municipal Wastewaters; 2.1 Occurrence in Municipal Sewage; 2.2 The Fate and Behaviour of Pharmaceuticals in Sewage Works; 2.3 Removal of Pharmaceuticals during Conventional Wastewater Treatment 2.4 Occurrence in Sewage Sludge |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910131615203321 |
| Cambridge, England : , : Royal Society of Chemistry, , 2016 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Wastewater and public health : bacterial and pharmaceutical exposures / / edited by Victor M. Monsalvo
| Wastewater and public health : bacterial and pharmaceutical exposures / / edited by Victor M. Monsalvo |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Oakville, Ontario : , : Apple Academic Press, , [2016] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (305 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.4/3 |
| Soggetto topico |
Drugs - Environmental aspects
Bacterial pollution of water Water - Microbiology Water - Pollution |
| ISBN |
0-429-15400-3
1-77188-165-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Part I. Disease exposure -- Part II. Antibiotic resistance -- Part III. Pharmaceutical and hormone exposure. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910797400403321 |
| Oakville, Ontario : , : Apple Academic Press, , [2016] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Wastewater and public health : bacterial and pharmaceutical exposures / / edited by Victor M. Monsalvo
| Wastewater and public health : bacterial and pharmaceutical exposures / / edited by Victor M. Monsalvo |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Oakville, Ontario : , : Apple Academic Press, , [2016] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (305 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.4/3 |
| Soggetto topico |
Drugs - Environmental aspects
Bacterial pollution of water Water - Microbiology Water - Pollution |
| ISBN |
0-429-15400-3
1-77188-165-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Part I. Disease exposure -- Part II. Antibiotic resistance -- Part III. Pharmaceutical and hormone exposure. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910800172203321 |
| Oakville, Ontario : , : Apple Academic Press, , [2016] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Wastewater and public health : bacterial and pharmaceutical exposures / / edited by Victor M. Monsalvo
| Wastewater and public health : bacterial and pharmaceutical exposures / / edited by Victor M. Monsalvo |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Oakville, Ontario : , : Apple Academic Press, , [2016] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (305 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.4/3 |
| Soggetto topico |
Drugs - Environmental aspects
Bacterial pollution of water Water - Microbiology Water - Pollution |
| ISBN |
0-429-15400-3
1-77188-165-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Part I. Disease exposure -- Part II. Antibiotic resistance -- Part III. Pharmaceutical and hormone exposure. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910809158803321 |
| Oakville, Ontario : , : Apple Academic Press, , [2016] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
