Autore	Xu Hongzhi
Pubbl/distr/stampa	Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021]
Descrizione fisica	1 online resource (288 pages)
Disciplina	929.605
Collana	Corpora and Intercultural Studies
Soggetto topico	Computational linguistics
ISBN	981-16-3408-4
Formato	Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico	Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione	eng
Nota di contenuto	Intro -- Introduction -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 What is Aspect -- 1.1.1 Definition of Aspect -- 1.1.2 Studies on Chinese Aspectual Markers -- 1.1.3 Studies on Aspectual Classification -- 1.1.4 Situation Aspect vs. Viewpoint Aspect -- 1.2 The Goal of the Study -- 1.3 Methodology -- 1.4 Thesis Organization -- References -- 2 Previous Studies on Aspect -- 2.1 Situation Aspect and Vendler's Classes -- 2.2 Aspectual Classification -- 2.2.1 Feature-Based Methodology -- 2.2.2 The Conceptual Structure -- 2.2.3 The Generative Lexicon -- 2.2.4 MARVS -- 2.3 Diagnostics for Aspectual Classification -- 2.4 Difficulties in Aspectual Classification -- 2.4.1 Degree Achievements -- 2.4.2 More Than Degree Achievements -- 2.4.3 Achievement Versus Accomplishment -- 2.4.4 Intention and Perception -- 2.5 Aspectual Studies on Chinese -- 2.6 Summary -- References -- 3 Event Structure and Event Types -- 3.1 Ontological Situation Types -- 3.1.1 Representation of Ontological Situation Types -- 3.1.2 Progressive is Stative -- 3.1.3 Primitives of Events -- 3.1.4 Theoretically Existing Situation Types -- 3.2 Linguistic Events -- 3.2.1 Viewpoint Aspect -- 3.2.2 Linguistic Events as the Combination of Situation and Viewpoint Aspects -- 3.2.3 What Expresses the Ontological Situations and What to Classify -- 3.3 Where is Telicity from? -- 3.3.1 Intentionality -- 3.3.2 Result -- 3.3.3 Perception and Prediction -- 3.3.4 Context -- 3.3.5 Summary of Telicity -- 3.4 Linguistic Event Types -- 3.4.1 Static State: \|----\| -- 3.4.2 Dynamic State: \|\| -- 3.4.3 Change of State: ==\|== -- 3.4.4 Semelfactive: \|\| -- 3.4.5 Accomplishment: \|\|== -- 3.4.6 Instantaneous Accomplishment: \|\|== -- 3.5 Constructions and Their Aspects -- 3.5.1 Resultative Verbal Complements (RVCs) -- 3.5.2 Resultative DE Construction -- 3.5.3 Serial Verb Constructions (SVCs) -- 3.5.4 V + (ZHE/lE/GUO) + O + (LE). 3.5.5 BA Construction -- 3.5.6 BEI Construction -- 3.6 Summary -- References -- 4 Semantics of Aspectual Markers and Negators in Chinese -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Aspectual Operators -- 4.3 了 LE -- 4.3.1 LE with Static State -- 4.3.2 LE with Dynamic State -- 4.3.3 LE with Accomplishment -- 4.3.4 LE with Achievement -- 4.3.5 The Two LEs: LE1 and LE2 -- 4.3.6 LE is not a Tense Marker -- 4.3.7 Non-Aspectual LE -- 4.4 着 zhe0 'ZHE', 在 zai4 'ZAI' and 正在 zheng4zai4 'ZAI' -- 4.4.1 The Difference of 在 Zai4 'ZAI' and 正在 Zheng4zai4 'ZAI' -- 4.4.2 The Difference of Static State with and Without ZHE and Their Relation with Negators -- 4.4.3 The Difference of ZHE and LE in Existential Sentences -- 4.5 guo4 'GUO' -- 4.5.1 Grammaticality and World Knowledge -- 4.5.2 Time Frame of GUO -- 4.5.3 The Truth Condition of GUO -- 4.6 Negations -- 4.6.1 不 bu4 -- 4.6.2 没有 mei2you3 -- 4.7 Summary -- References -- 5 Formal Representation of Aspect -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Second Order Logic -- 5.1.2 Predicates and Parameters -- 5.1.3 Class, Instance and Subclass -- 5.1.4 Attributes, Functionalities and Habits -- 5.1.5 Instances of Situations -- 5.1.6 Multi-Modal Predicates in Natural Language -- 5.2 The Basic Predicates Related to Time -- 5.3 Representations for Ontological Situations -- 5.3.1 Representations for State and Change of State -- 5.3.2 Representations for Complex Situations -- 5.4 Linguistic Event Types -- 5.4.1 Static State: --- -- 5.4.2 Delimitative State: \|---\| -- 5.4.3 Instant Dynamic State: -- 5.4.4 Activity: \| \| -- 5.4.5 Semelfactive: \|\| -- 5.4.6 Change of State: --\|--, --\| , \|--, \| -- 5.4.7 Accomplishment: \| \|--, \| \| -- 5.4.8 Instantaneous Accomplishment: \|\|--, \|\| -- 5.5 Chinese Aspectual Markers -- 5.5.1 了 Le0 'LE' -- 5.5.2 着 Zhe0 'ZHE' and 在 Zai4 'ZAI' -- 5.5.3 Guo4 'GUO' -- 5.5.4 Negators -- 5.6 Summary -- References. 6 Annotating a Chinese Corpus for Aspectual Study -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Annotation Framework -- 6.2.1 Event Annotation -- 6.2.2 Illocutionary Acts -- 6.2.3 Modalities -- 6.2.4 Sentence Type Hierarchy -- 6.3 Some Constructions in Chinese -- 6.3.1 Serial Verb Constructions (SVCs) -- 6.3.2 Resultative Verbal Constructions (RVCs) -- 6.4 Annotating a Chinese Corpus -- 6.4.1 Data Selection -- 6.4.2 Data Annotation -- 6.4.3 Annotation Result -- 6.4.4 Agreement Test -- 6.5 Summary -- References -- 7 Automatic Aspectual Classification of Chinese Sentences -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Linguistic Indicators for Sentence Type Classification -- 7.2.1 Indicators for Different Event Types -- 7.2.2 Indicators for Modalities -- 7.2.3 Indicators for Speech Acts -- 7.3 Aspectual Classification -- 7.3.1 Grounding the Features -- 7.3.2 Feature Extraction -- 7.3.3 Classifiers -- 7.4 Experiments -- 7.4.1 Sentence Type Classification -- 7.4.2 Classification on Different Modalities -- 7.4.3 Classification on Different Speech Acts -- 7.4.4 Classification on Mid-Level Event Types -- 7.4.5 Classification on Different Accomplishments -- 7.4.6 Classification on Different Achievements -- 7.4.7 Experiments with Predicated Features -- 7.4.8 Discussions -- 7.5 Summary -- References.
Record Nr.	UNINA-9910495243503321

Edizione	[1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa	Singapore : , : Springer, , 2023
Descrizione fisica	1 online resource (xxii, 466 pages) : illustrations (chiefly color)
Altri autori (Persone)	SunMaosong QinBing (Professor of computer science) QiuXipeng JingJiang HanXianpei RaoGaoqi ChenYubo
Collana	Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series
Soggetto topico	Big data Chinese language - Data processing Computational linguistics Natural language processing (Computer science)
ISBN	981-9962-07-2
Formato	Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico	Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione	eng
Record Nr.	UNISA-996550554903316

Edizione	[First edition.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa	Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023]
Descrizione fisica	1 online resource (0 pages)
Disciplina	495.1072
Collana	Text, Speech and Language Technology Series
Soggetto topico	Chinese language - Data processing Computational linguistics
ISBN	3-031-38913-1
Formato	Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico	Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione	eng
Nota di contenuto	Intro -- Biography of Prof. Shiwen Yu -- A Chronological Biography of Professor Shiwen Yu -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Part I: Overview -- Chapter 1: Chinese Language Resources Through One-Third of a Century -- 1.1 Headwater -- 1.2 Vision: Of Peaks and Giants -- 1.3 From the Great Mountains Long Streams Flow -- 1.4 The Versatility of Language Resources 上 -- 1.5 Giving Shape to Water -- 1.6 Deriving Sharable and Versatile Knowledge 不 -- 1.7 The Power of Language Data as Water 然 -- 1.8 Conclusion and Dedication 有 -- References -- Chapter 2: Chinese Comprehensive Language Knowledge Base -- 2.1 Why Was the Chinese Language Knowledge Base Constructed? -- 2.2 Cornerstone of the CLKB: Grammatical Knowledge Base of Contemporary Chinese -- 2.3 Profile of the CLKB -- 2.3.1 PSKB -- 2.3.2 BPTC -- 2.4 What Was Learned from the Development of the CLKB? -- 2.4.1 Fundamental Research and Application Research -- 2.4.2 Theoretical Research and Engineering Practices -- 2.4.3 Development Goals and Process Monitoring -- 2.4.4 Balance of Scale and Quality -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Introduction to CKIP´s Language Resources and Their Applications -- 3.1 Background -- 3.2 Language Resources -- 3.2.1 Chinese Writing System Resources -- Database of Component Parts of Chinese Characters -- Hantology -- 3.2.2 Lexical Databases and Grammar -- CKIP Lexical Knowledge Base -- Information-Based Case Grammar -- 3.2.3 Corpora -- Sinica Chinese Corpus -- Sinica Ancient Chinese Corpus -- Sinica Treebank -- Language Resources Derived from the Sinica Corpus -- 3.2.4 WordNet and Ontologies -- Bilingual Ontological WordNet -- Chinese WordNet -- Extended-HowNet -- 3.2.5 Integrated Resources -- Chinese Sketch Engine -- 3.3 Core Tools in Chinese Language Processing -- 3.3.1 Word Segmentation and POS Tagging. 3.3.2 Part-of-Speech Tagging -- 3.3.3 Parsing -- 3.3.4 Automatic Semantic Role Assignment -- 3.4 Applications of CKIP´s Resources -- 3.4.1 Word Segmentation and Part-of-Speech Tagging Using YamCha and CRF++ -- 3.4.2 Viterbi PCFG Parser, Syntactic Complexity, and Chinese Readability -- 3.4.3 Chinese Dependency Parser -- 3.4.4 Chinese Dependency Relations Database and Lexicology -- 3.4.5 Selectional Preferences -- 3.4.6 Unsupervised and Minimally Supervised Approaches to Word Sense Disambiguation -- 3.4.7 Vector Semantics and Deep Neural Net -- 3.5 Conclusion: Interdisciplinary Impact and Future Research -- References -- Part II: Language Resources: Annotation and Processing -- Chapter 4: Practical and Robust Chinese Word Segmentation and PoS Tagging -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Word Boundary Detection Model Robust Word Segmentation -- 4.2.1 From Word Identification to Boundary Decision -- 4.2.2 Word Boundary Decision (WBD) -- 4.3 From Online Learning to Active Learning -- 4.3.1 Online Semi-supervised Learning with Labeled Data -- 4.3.2 Online Semi-supervised Learning with Unlabeled Data -- 4.3.3 Performances of WBD -- 4.3.4 Results of Online Learning with Unlabeled Data -- 4.3.5 Active Learning Approach for CWS: Meeting the Three Challenges -- 4.4 Robustness of PoS Tagging and Quality Assurance: A Two-Tagset Model -- 4.4.1 Corpus-Based POS Tag Mapping -- 4.5 Linguistic Ramification -- 4.6 Conclusion: The Convergence of Linguistic and Stochastic Modeling -- References -- Chapter 5: Describing the Grammatical Knowledge of Chinese Words for Natural Language Processing -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Overall Design of the Knowledge Base -- 5.2.1 Databases -- 5.2.2 Selection of Words -- 5.3 Classification of Words -- 5.3.1 Basic Word Classes -- 5.3.2 Purpose of Word Classification -- 5.3.3 Word Class Definitions by Grammatical Functions. 5.3.4 Multi-class Words, Homographs, and Homonyms -- 5.4 Description of Grammatical Properties -- 5.4.1 Selection of Grammatical Attributes -- Morphological Attributes -- Syntactic Attributes -- Semantic Attributes -- Collocation -- 5.4.2 Data Redundancy -- 5.4.3 Value Types -- 5.5 Semantic Considerations in the GKB -- 5.5.1 Word Entries Distinguished by Their Meanings -- 5.5.2 Semantic Properties Described for Word Entries -- 5.5.3 Grammatical Properties Distinguished Based on Semantic Clues -- 5.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: DeepLEX -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Current Approaches and Issues -- 6.2.1 Chinese Lexical Resources -- 6.3 DeepLEX -- 6.3.1 Modules -- 6.3.2 Fluid Annotation -- 6.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: The Chinese Generalized Function Word Usage Knowledge Base and Its Applications -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Chinese Function Word Usage Knowledge Base -- 7.2.1 Framework and Construction Process of the CFKB -- 7.2.2 Function Word Usage Dictionary -- 7.2.3 Function Word Usage Rule Base -- 7.2.4 Function Word Usage Corpus -- 7.3 Automatic Identification of Function Word Usages -- 7.3.1 Rule-Based Method -- 7.3.2 Statistics-Based Method -- 7.3.3 Combined Rule-Based/Statistics-Based Method -- 7.4 Applications Based on the CFKB -- 7.4.1 Syntactic Analysis -- 7.4.2 Grammar Error Analysis -- 7.4.3 Information Extraction -- 7.4.4 Chinese Deep Semantic Understanding -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: A Generic Study of Linguistic Information Based on the Chinese Idiom Knowledge Base and Its Expansion -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Construction, Structure, and Properties of the Knowledge Base for Chinese Idiomatic Expressions -- 8.3 Nature, Living, History, Culture, and Idiomatic Expressions -- 8.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Lexical Knowledge Representation and Semantic Composition of E-HowNet. 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Overview of E-HowNet -- 9.2.1 Ontology of Concepts -- 9.3 Lexical Knowledge Representation and Semantic Composition -- 9.3.1 Principles of Sense Definitions -- 9.3.2 Uniform Representation of Content Words and Function Words for Semantic Composition -- 9.3.3 Basic Composition Process -- 9.4 Semantic Role Labeling -- 9.4.1 Establishing a Reasonable Set of Semantic Roles -- 9.4.2 Guidelines for Pursuing Role Assignment -- 9.4.3 Difficulties and Solutions -- 9.5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Chapter 10: Sense Tagging Unknown Chinese Words with Word Embedding -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Related Work -- 10.3 Linguistic Features of Unknown Words -- 10.3.1 Paradigmatic Features of Words -- 10.3.2 Features of Chinese Word Formation -- 10.4 Introduction of the Semantic Resource -- 10.5 Model Construction -- 10.5.1 Model Based on Word Embedding -- 10.5.2 Combined Model Based on Word Embedding and POS Filtering -- 10.5.3 Model Based on Word Embedding, POS Filtering, and Suffix Filtering -- 10.6 Experiments -- 10.6.1 Evaluation Metrics -- 10.6.2 Experimental Setting -- 10.6.3 Experiments and Analysis -- Setting the Size of Related Words´´ K Values -- Results and Analysis -- 10.7 Multimodel Cascade -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: PKUSenseCor: A Large-Scale Word Sense Annotated Chinese Corpus -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Corpus and Knowledge Base Selection -- 11.2.1 Corpus -- 11.2.2 Sense Inventory: The Grammatical Knowledge Base of Contemporary Chinese -- 11.3 Corpus Annotation -- 11.3.1 The Annotation Process -- 11.4 Inter-annotator Agreement -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Semantic Annotation and Mandarin VerbNet -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Issues in the Annotation of Chinese Verbs -- 12.3 Frame-Based Constructional Approach to Semantic Annotation -- 12.3.1 Emotion Archi-frames. 12.3.2 Motion Archi-frames -- 12.4 Advantages of the Approach -- 12.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: The Construction of a Chinese Semantic Dependency Graph Bank -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Annotation Scheme of the Semantic Dependency Graph -- 13.2.1 Graph Structure of Semantic Dependency -- 13.2.2 Semantic Relation Set -- 13.2.3 Special Situations -- 13.3 Corpus -- 13.3.1 Corpus Origin -- 13.3.2 Annotation Tool -- 13.4 Evaluation of the Corpus -- 13.5 Corpus Statistics -- 13.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14: A Chinese Dialogue Corpus Annotated with Dialogue Act -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Related Work -- 14.2.1 Existing Datasets -- 14.2.2 Traditional Methods -- 14.2.3 Deep Learning Models -- 14.3 Annotation of a Group Chat Corpus -- 14.3.1 Data Collection and Preprocessing -- 14.3.2 Annotation Specification -- Dimension 1 (D1): Semantic Information -- Dimension 2 (D2): Reaction to Context -- Dimension 3 (D3): Effect of Turn-Taking on Topic -- 14.3.3 Annotated Example -- 14.3.4 Consistency Check -- 14.3.5 Dataset Statistics -- 14.3.6 Confusion Matrix -- 14.4 Baseline Methods -- 14.4.1 Dataset -- 14.4.2 Evaluation Metrics -- 14.4.3 Conditional Random Field (CRF) Model -- 14.4.4 Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) -- 14.5 Experimental Results -- 14.5.1 Human Performance -- 14.5.2 Model Performance -- Random Selection -- CRF Model -- RNN Model -- 14.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Automatic Construction of Parallel Dialogue Corpora with Rich Information -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Related Work -- 15.3 Building a Parallel Dialogue Corpus -- 15.3.1 Script and Subtitle -- 15.3.2 Movie Alignment -- 15.3.3 Sentence Alignment -- 15.4 Experiments and Results -- 15.4.1 Parallel Dialogue Corpus Construction -- 15.4.2 Improved Translation with Speaker Information -- 15.5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References. Chapter 16: A Chinese Event-Based Emotion Corpus: Emotion Cause Detection.
Record Nr.	UNINA-9910770258703321

Edizione	[1st ed. 2023.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa	Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023]
Descrizione fisica	1 online resource (583 pages)
Disciplina	495.10143
Collana	Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
Soggetto topico	Chinese language - Semantics Computational linguistics
ISBN	9783031289538 9783031289521
Formato	Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico	Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione	eng
Nota di contenuto	Divergence and Convergence in Tense and Aspect Meanings of “guo” and “le” -- A Corpus-based Study on the Syllablic Form Selection of Ancient Chinese High-frequency Nouns in the Middle Ages -- On the Emergence of Positive Meaning of Xiāngdānɡ from the Structure of Xiāngdānɡ de NP -- Active and Passive Expressions of Tolerance: A Semantic Analysis of the Near-Synonyms ren3 and shou4 Based on MARVS Theory -- A Study of Nominal Verbs in Modern Chinese Based on Shannon-Wiener Index——Case Studies on “Bianhua” Words -- The Causativity of Preposition “Dui (for)” -- Construction of Grammar Collocation Library for International Chinese Language Education and Difficulty Standard -- The Study of Causal Nouns in Mandarin Chinese: From the Perspective of Syntactic Realization and Pragmatic Function -- Construction of Effective News Corpus in Commodity Futures Domain -- MSDD: A Multimodal Language Dataset for Stance Detection -- Novel Lexical Semantic Change and Interactivization -- The Phonetic Types, Mechanism, and Motivation of Syllable Contraction of "numerals + ge" in Henan dialect -- A Hybrid Account of the Expressivity in Mandarin Nominals -- The Relationship Between the Emphatic Meaning and the Adversative Meaning from the Perspective of Linguistic Typology: The Cases of Chinese Kě and Jiùshì -- Research on the Semantic Map of Multifunctional Morpheme Cong -- Aspectuality and Subjectivity of Le in Chinese Conditionals -- Research on the Phenomenon of Tone Sandhi of BB in ABB-Pattern Adjectives from the Perspective of Coercion Effects -- Extracting Concepts and Semantic Associates for Teaching Tang 300 Poems to L2 Learners -- Tracing Lexical Semantic Change with Distributional Semantics: Change and Stability -- A Study on the Recovery of Omitted Constituents in Chinese Elliptical Sentences -- Recognition of Disyllabic Intransitive Verbs and Study on Disyllabic Intransitive Verbs Taking Objects Based on Structure Retrieval -- The Introduction of Positive Position in “Vwish +VPneg” and its Pragmatic Consequences -- A Grammatical Study of Chinese Counter-Expectation Marker “Jìngrán” —in Comparison with Korean Counter-Expectation Marker “-tani” -- Variations in Alternative Pattern of Light Verb Construction between Taiwan and Mainland Mandarin -- Responses to Questions in Mandarin Chinese -- Semantic Dependency Analysis of Special Sentence Patterns in Ancient Chinese -- A Study on the Selection Mechanism of the Chinese Loan Words of the Same Signified with Different Signifiers -- A Case Study on Scalar Ordering Relations of Chinese Adverbs -- Study of Chinese Words in Diachronic Corpus of Newspaper -- The Similarities and Differences of Thanks Responses between Native Speakers and Mandarin Teaching Materials in Taiwan -- A Study on the Positional Relationship Between Preposition-Object Structures and Predicate Components in Mozi Based on Corpus -- The First Step to Resolve the Centennial Controversy over the Adverb Dōu: Classification -- The Syntactic Features of Chinese Verbs of Saluting -- The Semantic Roles of Chinese Verbs of Saluting -- A Study on the Context Mode of the Linking Verb “Shi” Addressing a New Branch Naming -- Taking Comparison between the Degree Adverbs in Northeast Dialect and Taiwanese Mandarin from Three Perspectives — Taking Lǎo and Chāo as Examples -- Exploring the Semantic Differences of Motion Verbs from the Perspective of Image Schema — Take the Verbs "lā", " zhuài " and "tuō" as An Example -- A Corpus-Based Study of the Usage of Chinese Core Separable Words in the Use of Language -- Mandarin Analytic Causative Constructions with Shǐ and Ràng: A Usage-based Collostructional Analysis -- Topic and Focus in the Left Periphery of Old Xiang: Syntactic Cartography and Semantic Constraints.
Record Nr.	UNISA-996525670903316