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Bridging the technological divide : technology adoption by firms in developing countries
Bridging the technological divide : technology adoption by firms in developing countries
Autore Cirera Xavier
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Piraí : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (241 pages)
Disciplina 658.4063
Altri autori (Persone) CominDiego
CruzMarcio
Soggetto topico Business enterprises Technological innovations
Developing countries
Technology and state
ISBN 1-4648-1859-2
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- The Imperative of Technology in Developing Countries -- The Technological Divide -- Road Map to the Volume -- Contributions to the Literature -- Main Messages from the Volume -- Notes -- References -- Part 1 Measuring the Technological Divide -- 1. A New Approach to Measure Technology Adoption by Firms -- Introduction -- Measuring Adoption and Use of Technology by Firms -- Opening the Black Box: The Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey -- The Data Used in This Volume -- Using the FAT Data to Understand Some of the Limitations of Standard Measures of Technology -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 2. Facts about Technology Adoption and Use in Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Cross-Country Technology Facts -- Cross-Firm Technology Facts -- Other Technology Facts -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 3. Adoption of Sector-Specific Technologies -- Introduction -- Technology Differences across and within Sectors -- Technology Upgrading and the Limits to Leapfrogging -- Specialization, Technology, and Outsourcing -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Part 2 The Implications of the Technological Divide for Long-Term Economic Growth -- 4. Technology Sophistication, Productivity, and Employment -- Introduction -- Technology and Firm-Level Productivity -- Technology Adoption and Employment -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 5. Digital Technologies and Resilience to Shocks -- Introduction -- Digital Technologies -- Technology and Resilience -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Part 3 What Countries Can Do to Bridge the Technological Divide -- 6. What Constrains Firms from Adopting Better Technologies? -- Introduction -- Firm-Level Determinants of Adoption.
Perceived Drivers of and Obstacles to Technology Adoption -- Factual Evidence on Drivers of and Obstacles to Technology Adoption -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7. Policies and Instruments to Accelerate Technology Adoption -- Introduction -- A Checklist to Design Technology Upgrading Programs -- Using the FAT Survey to Inform the Design and Implementation of Policies Supporting Technology Upgrading -- Instruments to Support Technology Upgrading at the Firm Level -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Appendix A. The Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey, Implementation, and Data Set -- Boxes -- Box I.1 Defining Technology and Business Functions -- Box 1.1 The Technology Index at the Firm Level: An Example from the Food-Processing Sector in Senegal -- Box 2.1 The Large Gap in Technology Sophistication between Formal and Informal Firms -- Box 3.1 The Strong Sector Composition of the Use of Industry 4.0 Technologies -- Box 3.2 The Closeness of Pharmaceutical Firms to the Technology Frontier -- Box 6.1 Specific Barriers to the Use of Digital Platforms -- Box 7.1 Digital Platforms Are Prone to Market Concentration and Dominance -- Box 7.2 The Firm-Level Technology Diagnostic Tool -- Box 7.3 Agriculture Extension: The Case of Embrapa -- Box 7.4 Credit Guarantees for Technology through the Korea Technology Finance Corporation (KOTEC) -- Box 7.5 The Difference between Vouchers and Grants -- Box 7.6 Fraunhofer Institutes -- Figures -- Figure 1.1 While Countries Are Converging in Their Adoption of Technology, They Are Diverging in the Intensity of Use -- Figure 1.2 Conceptual Framework for the Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey -- Figure 1.3 General Business Functions and Their Associated Technologies -- Figure 1.4 Share of Firms Using Technologies Applied to Various General Business Functions, All Countries.
Figure 1.5 Sector-Specific Business Functions and Technologies -- Figure 1.6 An Example of the Technology Index -- Figure B1.1.1 Comparing Technology Sophistication of a Large and a Small Firm in the Food-Processing Sector -- Figure 1.7 Firms Vary Widely in the Status of Their Adoption of General-Purpose Technologies -- Figure 1.8 Among Firms with Access to Computers and the Internet, a Large Share Relies Mostly on Less Sophisticated Methods to Conduct Business Functions -- Figure 2.1 Estimated Technology Sophistication, by Country: Manufacturing -- Figure 2.2 Estimated Technology Sophistication, by Country: Agriculture and Services -- Figure 2.3 There Is a Strong Correlation between the Technology Sophistication of a Region and Regional Productivity -- Figure 2.4 Cross-Country Differences in Technology Are Also Explained by the Number of Firms Using Sophisticated Technology -- Figure B2.1.1 Technology Sophistication Is Significantly Greater among Formal Firms in Senegal -- Figure 2.5 The Level of Technology Sophistication for General Business Functions Varies Greatly -- Figure 2.6 Technology Sophistication Varies across Firm Size -- Figure 2.7 The Likelihood of Adopting Frontier Technologies for General Business Functions Varies across Firm Size -- Figure 2.8 The Likelihood of Adopting Frontier Technologies for Sector-Specific Business Functions Varies across Firm Size -- Figure 2.9 Rank Orderings of the Distribution of Technology Sophistication Are Consistent across Select Countries -- Figure 2.10 Most Productive Countries and Regions Have Firms That Use More Sophisticated Technologies on Average -- Figure 2.11 Within-Firm Variance of Technology Sophistication Is Positively Associated with Regional Productivity -- Figure 2.12 Technology Disruption in Telecommunications -- Figure 2.13 Diffusion Curves, by Firm Size (Early versus Late Adopters).
Figure 2.14 Firms with Lower Levels of Technological Capabilities Tend to Overestimate Their Technological Sophistication -- Figure 3.1 Firms in Agriculture Tend to Use More Sophisticated Technologies in Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.2 The Technology Gaps Are Larger in General Business Functions in Agriculture Compared to Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.3 Technology Sophistication for Fabrication in Manufacturing Is Low in Developing Countries -- Figure B3.1.1 The Likelihood of Adopting Advanced Manufacturing Technologies Varies Widely across Sectors -- Figure B3.1.2 More Capital-Intensive Agricultural Firms Are More Likely to Adopt Advanced Technologies -- Figure 3.4 Differences in Technology across Countries Roughly Follow Income Differences in the Food-Processing Sector -- Figure 3.5 Cross-Country Comparisons in Wearing Apparel Are Not So Large among Exporter Countries -- Figure B3.2.1 Pharmaceutical Firms Are Relatively Close to the Technology Frontier, but There Is Significant Room for Improvement in Developing Countries -- Figure 3.6 Digitalization of Sector-Specific Business Functions Is at an Early Stage in Retail Services -- Figure 3.7 The Diffusion Curves of Newer Sector-Specific Technologies Do Not Suggest Leapfrogging -- Figure 3.8 Tractor Ownership, Renting, and Digital Renting Do Not Suggest Leapfrogging through Digital Platforms -- Figure 3.9 Across Sectors, There Is Large Heterogeneity in Outsourcing Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.10 Within Sectors, There Is Heterogeneity in the Degree of Outsourcing within Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.11 The Significant Correlation between Outsourcing Tasks and Technology Sophistication (All Business Functions) Is Restricted to Some Business Functions.
Figure 3.12 There Are No Significant Differences between Traders and Nontraders in Outsourcing Business Functions -- Figure 4.1 Several Drivers Affect the Margins of Productivity Growth -- Figure 4.2 Technology Sophistication Is Correlated with Labor Productivity -- Figure 4.3 The Level of Technology Sophistication Varies Considerably across Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Services Sectors -- Figure 4.4 Differences in Technology Sophistication between the Republic of Korea and Senegal Are Larger in the Agricultural Sector than in Nonagricultural Sectors and Are Driven Mainly by the Low Sophistication of Informal Firms -- Figure 4.5 Firms Generally Keep the Same Number of Jobs When They Adopt New Technologies -- Figure 4.6 Firms That Have Adopted Better Technology Have Increased Employment -- Figure 4.7 More Sophisticated Technologies in Some Business Functions Are More Associated with Employment Growth -- Figure 4.8 Firms with a Higher Level of Technology Are Creating More Jobs but Not Changing Their Share of Low-Skilled Workers -- Figure 4.9 Firms Using More Sophisticated Technologies Pay Higher Wages -- Figure 4.10 Technology Sophistication Contributes to Wage Inequality within Firms -- Figure 5.1 Use of Internet and Adoption of Applications of Digital Technologies Vary by Sophistication and Firm Size -- Figure 5.2 Digital Technology Intensity Varies across Sectors and Business Functions -- Figure 5.3 Some Technologies Diffuse More Rapidly than Others -- Figure 5.4 Market Concentration Poses a Challenge for the Supply of Digital Business Solutions -- Figure 5.5 The Large Drop in Sales at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic Persisted for Many Firms, and the Loss Was Greater for Microenterprises and Small Firms -- Figure 5.6 Demand for Digital Solutions Increased Greatly in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Figure 5.7 A Large Share of Businesses Digitalized during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910795840203321
Cirera Xavier  
Piraí : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Bridging the technological divide : technology adoption by firms in developing countries
Bridging the technological divide : technology adoption by firms in developing countries
Autore Cirera Xavier
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Piraí : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (241 pages)
Disciplina 658.4063
Altri autori (Persone) CominDiego
CruzMarcio
Soggetto topico Business enterprises - Technological innovations
Technology and state
ISBN 1-4648-1859-2
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- The Imperative of Technology in Developing Countries -- The Technological Divide -- Road Map to the Volume -- Contributions to the Literature -- Main Messages from the Volume -- Notes -- References -- Part 1 Measuring the Technological Divide -- 1. A New Approach to Measure Technology Adoption by Firms -- Introduction -- Measuring Adoption and Use of Technology by Firms -- Opening the Black Box: The Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey -- The Data Used in This Volume -- Using the FAT Data to Understand Some of the Limitations of Standard Measures of Technology -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 2. Facts about Technology Adoption and Use in Developing Countries -- Introduction -- Cross-Country Technology Facts -- Cross-Firm Technology Facts -- Other Technology Facts -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 3. Adoption of Sector-Specific Technologies -- Introduction -- Technology Differences across and within Sectors -- Technology Upgrading and the Limits to Leapfrogging -- Specialization, Technology, and Outsourcing -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Part 2 The Implications of the Technological Divide for Long-Term Economic Growth -- 4. Technology Sophistication, Productivity, and Employment -- Introduction -- Technology and Firm-Level Productivity -- Technology Adoption and Employment -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- 5. Digital Technologies and Resilience to Shocks -- Introduction -- Digital Technologies -- Technology and Resilience -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Part 3 What Countries Can Do to Bridge the Technological Divide -- 6. What Constrains Firms from Adopting Better Technologies? -- Introduction -- Firm-Level Determinants of Adoption.
Perceived Drivers of and Obstacles to Technology Adoption -- Factual Evidence on Drivers of and Obstacles to Technology Adoption -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7. Policies and Instruments to Accelerate Technology Adoption -- Introduction -- A Checklist to Design Technology Upgrading Programs -- Using the FAT Survey to Inform the Design and Implementation of Policies Supporting Technology Upgrading -- Instruments to Support Technology Upgrading at the Firm Level -- Summing Up -- Notes -- References -- Appendix A. The Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey, Implementation, and Data Set -- Boxes -- Box I.1 Defining Technology and Business Functions -- Box 1.1 The Technology Index at the Firm Level: An Example from the Food-Processing Sector in Senegal -- Box 2.1 The Large Gap in Technology Sophistication between Formal and Informal Firms -- Box 3.1 The Strong Sector Composition of the Use of Industry 4.0 Technologies -- Box 3.2 The Closeness of Pharmaceutical Firms to the Technology Frontier -- Box 6.1 Specific Barriers to the Use of Digital Platforms -- Box 7.1 Digital Platforms Are Prone to Market Concentration and Dominance -- Box 7.2 The Firm-Level Technology Diagnostic Tool -- Box 7.3 Agriculture Extension: The Case of Embrapa -- Box 7.4 Credit Guarantees for Technology through the Korea Technology Finance Corporation (KOTEC) -- Box 7.5 The Difference between Vouchers and Grants -- Box 7.6 Fraunhofer Institutes -- Figures -- Figure 1.1 While Countries Are Converging in Their Adoption of Technology, They Are Diverging in the Intensity of Use -- Figure 1.2 Conceptual Framework for the Firm-level Adoption of Technology (FAT) Survey -- Figure 1.3 General Business Functions and Their Associated Technologies -- Figure 1.4 Share of Firms Using Technologies Applied to Various General Business Functions, All Countries.
Figure 1.5 Sector-Specific Business Functions and Technologies -- Figure 1.6 An Example of the Technology Index -- Figure B1.1.1 Comparing Technology Sophistication of a Large and a Small Firm in the Food-Processing Sector -- Figure 1.7 Firms Vary Widely in the Status of Their Adoption of General-Purpose Technologies -- Figure 1.8 Among Firms with Access to Computers and the Internet, a Large Share Relies Mostly on Less Sophisticated Methods to Conduct Business Functions -- Figure 2.1 Estimated Technology Sophistication, by Country: Manufacturing -- Figure 2.2 Estimated Technology Sophistication, by Country: Agriculture and Services -- Figure 2.3 There Is a Strong Correlation between the Technology Sophistication of a Region and Regional Productivity -- Figure 2.4 Cross-Country Differences in Technology Are Also Explained by the Number of Firms Using Sophisticated Technology -- Figure B2.1.1 Technology Sophistication Is Significantly Greater among Formal Firms in Senegal -- Figure 2.5 The Level of Technology Sophistication for General Business Functions Varies Greatly -- Figure 2.6 Technology Sophistication Varies across Firm Size -- Figure 2.7 The Likelihood of Adopting Frontier Technologies for General Business Functions Varies across Firm Size -- Figure 2.8 The Likelihood of Adopting Frontier Technologies for Sector-Specific Business Functions Varies across Firm Size -- Figure 2.9 Rank Orderings of the Distribution of Technology Sophistication Are Consistent across Select Countries -- Figure 2.10 Most Productive Countries and Regions Have Firms That Use More Sophisticated Technologies on Average -- Figure 2.11 Within-Firm Variance of Technology Sophistication Is Positively Associated with Regional Productivity -- Figure 2.12 Technology Disruption in Telecommunications -- Figure 2.13 Diffusion Curves, by Firm Size (Early versus Late Adopters).
Figure 2.14 Firms with Lower Levels of Technological Capabilities Tend to Overestimate Their Technological Sophistication -- Figure 3.1 Firms in Agriculture Tend to Use More Sophisticated Technologies in Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.2 The Technology Gaps Are Larger in General Business Functions in Agriculture Compared to Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.3 Technology Sophistication for Fabrication in Manufacturing Is Low in Developing Countries -- Figure B3.1.1 The Likelihood of Adopting Advanced Manufacturing Technologies Varies Widely across Sectors -- Figure B3.1.2 More Capital-Intensive Agricultural Firms Are More Likely to Adopt Advanced Technologies -- Figure 3.4 Differences in Technology across Countries Roughly Follow Income Differences in the Food-Processing Sector -- Figure 3.5 Cross-Country Comparisons in Wearing Apparel Are Not So Large among Exporter Countries -- Figure B3.2.1 Pharmaceutical Firms Are Relatively Close to the Technology Frontier, but There Is Significant Room for Improvement in Developing Countries -- Figure 3.6 Digitalization of Sector-Specific Business Functions Is at an Early Stage in Retail Services -- Figure 3.7 The Diffusion Curves of Newer Sector-Specific Technologies Do Not Suggest Leapfrogging -- Figure 3.8 Tractor Ownership, Renting, and Digital Renting Do Not Suggest Leapfrogging through Digital Platforms -- Figure 3.9 Across Sectors, There Is Large Heterogeneity in Outsourcing Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.10 Within Sectors, There Is Heterogeneity in the Degree of Outsourcing within Sector-Specific Business Functions -- Figure 3.11 The Significant Correlation between Outsourcing Tasks and Technology Sophistication (All Business Functions) Is Restricted to Some Business Functions.
Figure 3.12 There Are No Significant Differences between Traders and Nontraders in Outsourcing Business Functions -- Figure 4.1 Several Drivers Affect the Margins of Productivity Growth -- Figure 4.2 Technology Sophistication Is Correlated with Labor Productivity -- Figure 4.3 The Level of Technology Sophistication Varies Considerably across Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Services Sectors -- Figure 4.4 Differences in Technology Sophistication between the Republic of Korea and Senegal Are Larger in the Agricultural Sector than in Nonagricultural Sectors and Are Driven Mainly by the Low Sophistication of Informal Firms -- Figure 4.5 Firms Generally Keep the Same Number of Jobs When They Adopt New Technologies -- Figure 4.6 Firms That Have Adopted Better Technology Have Increased Employment -- Figure 4.7 More Sophisticated Technologies in Some Business Functions Are More Associated with Employment Growth -- Figure 4.8 Firms with a Higher Level of Technology Are Creating More Jobs but Not Changing Their Share of Low-Skilled Workers -- Figure 4.9 Firms Using More Sophisticated Technologies Pay Higher Wages -- Figure 4.10 Technology Sophistication Contributes to Wage Inequality within Firms -- Figure 5.1 Use of Internet and Adoption of Applications of Digital Technologies Vary by Sophistication and Firm Size -- Figure 5.2 Digital Technology Intensity Varies across Sectors and Business Functions -- Figure 5.3 Some Technologies Diffuse More Rapidly than Others -- Figure 5.4 Market Concentration Poses a Challenge for the Supply of Digital Business Solutions -- Figure 5.5 The Large Drop in Sales at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic Persisted for Many Firms, and the Loss Was Greater for Microenterprises and Small Firms -- Figure 5.6 Demand for Digital Solutions Increased Greatly in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Figure 5.7 A Large Share of Businesses Digitalized during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910813808403321
Cirera Xavier  
Piraí : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Building resilient migration systems in the Mediterranean region : lessons from COVID-19 / / Mauro Testaverde, Jacquelyn Pavilon
Building resilient migration systems in the Mediterranean region : lessons from COVID-19 / / Mauro Testaverde, Jacquelyn Pavilon
Autore Testaverde Mauro
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Dordrecht : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (167 pages)
Disciplina 325.1
Altri autori (Persone) PavilonJacquelyn
Soggetto topico Emigration and immigration - Government policy - Mediterranean Region
COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- - Social aspects - Mediterranean Region
ISBN 1-4648-1856-8
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Introduction -- Main findings -- Countries' policy responses -- Lessons learned and policy recommendations -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1 COVID-19 and Migration in the Mediterranean Region -- Introduction -- Mobility trends in the region -- COVID-19 in the Mediterranean region -- Management and adjustment of mobility in response to the pandemic -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2 The Impacts of COVID-19 on Migrants and Their Families -- Introduction -- Mobility-related vulnerabilities of migrants and refugees during the pandemic -- A mobile population at greater health risk -- The pandemic's economic impacts -- Annex 2A Methodology for defining jobs that cannot be performed from home -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3 Mobility-Related Implications of COVID-19 for Receiving Countries -- Introduction -- Labor disruptions in receiving countries -- Implications of COVID-19 for long-term migrant integration -- Openness toward migration, before and after COVID-19 -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4 Policy Directions -- From findings to policy directions -- Proposed policy actions -- Closing remarks -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- Box 1.1 Issues with COVID-19-related data -- Box 1.2 Data limitations in measuring migration flows during the COVID-19 pandemic -- Box 2.1 The "healthy immigrant" paradox -- Box 2.2 Refugees' access to health care in Turkey -- Box 2.3 Impact of COVID-19 on refugees in Turkey -- Box 2.4 Costs of sending remittances in the extended ­Mediterranean region -- Box 3.1 The agriculture industry in Italy -- Box 3.2 COVID-19, automation, and migration -- Box 4.1 The EU Digital COVID Certificate, or Green Pass -- Box 4.2 Multilateral public health efforts in Africa.
Box 4.3 Interventions introduced during the pandemic to simplify hiring procedures for essential workers -- Box 4.4 Measures to expand migrants' access to health care and social welfare during the COVID-19 crisis -- Box 4.5 Employment retention and promotion policies open to migrants during the COVID-19 crisis -- Box 4.6 Digital tools to support migrants' reintegration -- Box 4.7 Can diaspora engagements be strengthened in the aftermath of the pandemic? -- Box 4.8 The EU's New Pact on Migration and Asylum -- Box 4.9 The Western Balkan Regulation -- Box 4.10 The German "Triple Win" program -- Box 4.11 Improving the accuracy of migration coverage in North and West Africa -- Figures -- Figure O.1 Share of Mediterranean and GCC countries and economies with mobility restrictions, by type, 2020-21 -- Figure O.2 Land and sea arrivals of migrants at the EU's main points of entry and in selected Mediterranean countries, 2019-21 -- Figure O.3 Changes in migrant smuggling from West and North Africa since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic -- Figure O.4 Share of European countries with labor shortages, by occupation, and share of foreign workers in those occupations, 2018-19 -- Figure O.5 Share of people with unmet health needs in selected Mediterranean countries, by place of birth, 2016 -- Figure O.6 Change in employment rate between 2019 and 2020 in selected Mediterranean countries, by quarter and place of birth -- Figure O.7 Food insecurity among refugee households in Turkey, before the pandemic -- Figure O.8 ICT availability at home for 15-year-old students in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure O.9 Proposed policy objectives and actions -- Figure 1.1 Share of world's population, emigrants, and immigrants, by region, 2020.
Figure 1.2 Top five migrant sending and receiving economies in the extended Mediterranean region, in relative and absolute terms, 2020 -- Figure 1.3 Shares of intraregional Mediterranean and GCC migration, by corridor, 2020 -- Figure 1.4 Top 20 migrant corridors in the combined Mediterranean and GCC region, 2020 -- Figure 1.5 Mediterranean corridors with the highest shares of low-skilled migrants, 2010 -- Figure 1.6 Mediterranean corridors with the highest shares of high-skilled migrants, 2010 -- Figure 1.7 Top 20 refugee corridors in the Mediterranean and GCC region, 2020 -- Figure B1.1.1 COVID-19 tests per million people per day, by extended Mediterranean subregion, February 2020 to October 2021 -- Figure B1.1.2 Daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases in relation to daily tests, extended Mediterranean versus non-extended Mediterranean regions, January 2020 to October 2021 -- Figure 1.8 Share of Mediterranean and GCC countries and economies with mobility restrictions, by type, 2020-21 -- Figure 1.9 Flights in the Mediterranean region, by subregion, October 2019 to October 2021 -- Figure 1.10 First-instance asylum applications in selected European Mediterranean countries, 2019 to 2021 -- Figure 1.11 Land and sea arrivals at the EU's main points of entry and in selected Mediterranean countries, 2019 to 2021 -- Figure B1.2.1 Destinations of emigrants from Senegal, by data source -- Figure B1.2.2 Destinations of emigrants from Nigeria, by data source -- Figure 1.12 Changes in migrant stocks from selected African countries to selected destination countries, April 2020 to January 2021 -- Figure 2.1 Illegal border crossings to Europe, by route, January 2019 to August 2021 -- Figure 2.2 Changes in smuggling of migrants from West and North Africa since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, as of July 2020.
Figure 2.3 Excess mortality in France, by place of origin, March to April 2020 -- Figure 2.4 Share of population in overcrowded housing, by origin status, in selected northern Mediterranean countries -- Figure 2.5 Share of population in jobs that cannot be performed at home, by place of origin, in selected northern Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 2.6 Share of population with unmet health needs, by place of origin, in selected northern Mediterranean countries, 2016 -- Figure B2.2.1 Syrian refugees' access to health care in Turkey, before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic -- Figure 2.7 Inclusion of migrants in COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in countries in selected regions, as of May 2021 -- Figure 2.8 Difference in employment rate between 2019 and 2020, by quarter and place of origin, in selected northern Mediterranean countries -- Figure 2.9 Share of the employed population who can work from home, by place of origin, in selected Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries, 2020 -- Figure B2.3.1 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Syrian-run and native-run businesses in Turkey, May 2020 -- Figure B2.3.2 Food insecurity among refugee households in Turkey -- Figure 2.10 Relative poverty rates of selected EU Mediterranean countries, by population origin category, 2016 -- Figure 2.11 Remittances as a share of GDP in selected regions, by country or economy, 2020 -- Figure 2.12 Share of people able to work from home in Morocco and the Arab Republic of Egypt, by income quartile, 2020 to 2021 -- Figure B2.4.1 Corridors with the highest and lowest remittance transmission costs in the Mediterranean and GCC region, third quarter of 2020 -- Figure 2.13 Change in remittances to selected southern Mediterranean countries and economies, 2019-20.
Figure 3.1 Share of foreigners in key occupations, by place of birth, in selected northern Mediterranean EU countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.2 Share of European countries with labor shortages, by occupation, and share of foreigners in those occupations, 2018 to 2019 -- Figure B3.1.1 Top providers of agricultural workers to Italy, by country of origin, 2017 -- Figure B3.1.2 Percentage change in migrant agricultural workers in Italy, by country of origin, 2008 to 2017 -- Figure 3.3 Share of 15-year-old students whose mother tongue differs from the language of instruction at school in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.4 Share of 15-year-old students who are socioeconomically disadvantaged in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.5 ICT availability at home for 15-year-old students in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.7 Public opinion toward immigration in EU Mediterranean countries, by type of immigrant, 2002 to 2018 -- Figure 3.6 Correlation between share of telework jobs among natives and share of immigrants across NUTS2 regions of EU countries, 2018 -- Figure 4.1 Proposed policy objectives and actions -- Maps -- Map 1.1 The extended Mediterranean region -- Map 1.2 Cumulative COVID-19 cases per capita, by country, January 2020 to December 2021 -- Tables -- Table 2.1 Health care coverage of foreign workers in selected ­northern Mediterranean EU countries, 2020 -- Table 2.2 Health care coverage of foreign workers in selected southern Mediterranean and GCC countries, 2019 -- Table 2.3 Unemployment insurance coverage of foreign workers in selected northern ­Mediterranean EU countries, 2020.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910795740203321
Testaverde Mauro  
Dordrecht : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Building resilient migration systems in the Mediterranean region : lessons from COVID-19 / / Mauro Testaverde, Jacquelyn Pavilon
Building resilient migration systems in the Mediterranean region : lessons from COVID-19 / / Mauro Testaverde, Jacquelyn Pavilon
Autore Testaverde Mauro
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Dordrecht : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (167 pages)
Disciplina 325.1
Altri autori (Persone) PavilonJacquelyn
Soggetto topico Emigration and immigration - Government policy - Mediterranean Region
COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020- - Social aspects - Mediterranean Region
ISBN 1-4648-1856-8
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Introduction -- Main findings -- Countries' policy responses -- Lessons learned and policy recommendations -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1 COVID-19 and Migration in the Mediterranean Region -- Introduction -- Mobility trends in the region -- COVID-19 in the Mediterranean region -- Management and adjustment of mobility in response to the pandemic -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2 The Impacts of COVID-19 on Migrants and Their Families -- Introduction -- Mobility-related vulnerabilities of migrants and refugees during the pandemic -- A mobile population at greater health risk -- The pandemic's economic impacts -- Annex 2A Methodology for defining jobs that cannot be performed from home -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3 Mobility-Related Implications of COVID-19 for Receiving Countries -- Introduction -- Labor disruptions in receiving countries -- Implications of COVID-19 for long-term migrant integration -- Openness toward migration, before and after COVID-19 -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4 Policy Directions -- From findings to policy directions -- Proposed policy actions -- Closing remarks -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- Box 1.1 Issues with COVID-19-related data -- Box 1.2 Data limitations in measuring migration flows during the COVID-19 pandemic -- Box 2.1 The "healthy immigrant" paradox -- Box 2.2 Refugees' access to health care in Turkey -- Box 2.3 Impact of COVID-19 on refugees in Turkey -- Box 2.4 Costs of sending remittances in the extended ­Mediterranean region -- Box 3.1 The agriculture industry in Italy -- Box 3.2 COVID-19, automation, and migration -- Box 4.1 The EU Digital COVID Certificate, or Green Pass -- Box 4.2 Multilateral public health efforts in Africa.
Box 4.3 Interventions introduced during the pandemic to simplify hiring procedures for essential workers -- Box 4.4 Measures to expand migrants' access to health care and social welfare during the COVID-19 crisis -- Box 4.5 Employment retention and promotion policies open to migrants during the COVID-19 crisis -- Box 4.6 Digital tools to support migrants' reintegration -- Box 4.7 Can diaspora engagements be strengthened in the aftermath of the pandemic? -- Box 4.8 The EU's New Pact on Migration and Asylum -- Box 4.9 The Western Balkan Regulation -- Box 4.10 The German "Triple Win" program -- Box 4.11 Improving the accuracy of migration coverage in North and West Africa -- Figures -- Figure O.1 Share of Mediterranean and GCC countries and economies with mobility restrictions, by type, 2020-21 -- Figure O.2 Land and sea arrivals of migrants at the EU's main points of entry and in selected Mediterranean countries, 2019-21 -- Figure O.3 Changes in migrant smuggling from West and North Africa since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic -- Figure O.4 Share of European countries with labor shortages, by occupation, and share of foreign workers in those occupations, 2018-19 -- Figure O.5 Share of people with unmet health needs in selected Mediterranean countries, by place of birth, 2016 -- Figure O.6 Change in employment rate between 2019 and 2020 in selected Mediterranean countries, by quarter and place of birth -- Figure O.7 Food insecurity among refugee households in Turkey, before the pandemic -- Figure O.8 ICT availability at home for 15-year-old students in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure O.9 Proposed policy objectives and actions -- Figure 1.1 Share of world's population, emigrants, and immigrants, by region, 2020.
Figure 1.2 Top five migrant sending and receiving economies in the extended Mediterranean region, in relative and absolute terms, 2020 -- Figure 1.3 Shares of intraregional Mediterranean and GCC migration, by corridor, 2020 -- Figure 1.4 Top 20 migrant corridors in the combined Mediterranean and GCC region, 2020 -- Figure 1.5 Mediterranean corridors with the highest shares of low-skilled migrants, 2010 -- Figure 1.6 Mediterranean corridors with the highest shares of high-skilled migrants, 2010 -- Figure 1.7 Top 20 refugee corridors in the Mediterranean and GCC region, 2020 -- Figure B1.1.1 COVID-19 tests per million people per day, by extended Mediterranean subregion, February 2020 to October 2021 -- Figure B1.1.2 Daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases in relation to daily tests, extended Mediterranean versus non-extended Mediterranean regions, January 2020 to October 2021 -- Figure 1.8 Share of Mediterranean and GCC countries and economies with mobility restrictions, by type, 2020-21 -- Figure 1.9 Flights in the Mediterranean region, by subregion, October 2019 to October 2021 -- Figure 1.10 First-instance asylum applications in selected European Mediterranean countries, 2019 to 2021 -- Figure 1.11 Land and sea arrivals at the EU's main points of entry and in selected Mediterranean countries, 2019 to 2021 -- Figure B1.2.1 Destinations of emigrants from Senegal, by data source -- Figure B1.2.2 Destinations of emigrants from Nigeria, by data source -- Figure 1.12 Changes in migrant stocks from selected African countries to selected destination countries, April 2020 to January 2021 -- Figure 2.1 Illegal border crossings to Europe, by route, January 2019 to August 2021 -- Figure 2.2 Changes in smuggling of migrants from West and North Africa since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, as of July 2020.
Figure 2.3 Excess mortality in France, by place of origin, March to April 2020 -- Figure 2.4 Share of population in overcrowded housing, by origin status, in selected northern Mediterranean countries -- Figure 2.5 Share of population in jobs that cannot be performed at home, by place of origin, in selected northern Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 2.6 Share of population with unmet health needs, by place of origin, in selected northern Mediterranean countries, 2016 -- Figure B2.2.1 Syrian refugees' access to health care in Turkey, before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic -- Figure 2.7 Inclusion of migrants in COVID-19 vaccination campaigns in countries in selected regions, as of May 2021 -- Figure 2.8 Difference in employment rate between 2019 and 2020, by quarter and place of origin, in selected northern Mediterranean countries -- Figure 2.9 Share of the employed population who can work from home, by place of origin, in selected Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries, 2020 -- Figure B2.3.1 Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Syrian-run and native-run businesses in Turkey, May 2020 -- Figure B2.3.2 Food insecurity among refugee households in Turkey -- Figure 2.10 Relative poverty rates of selected EU Mediterranean countries, by population origin category, 2016 -- Figure 2.11 Remittances as a share of GDP in selected regions, by country or economy, 2020 -- Figure 2.12 Share of people able to work from home in Morocco and the Arab Republic of Egypt, by income quartile, 2020 to 2021 -- Figure B2.4.1 Corridors with the highest and lowest remittance transmission costs in the Mediterranean and GCC region, third quarter of 2020 -- Figure 2.13 Change in remittances to selected southern Mediterranean countries and economies, 2019-20.
Figure 3.1 Share of foreigners in key occupations, by place of birth, in selected northern Mediterranean EU countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.2 Share of European countries with labor shortages, by occupation, and share of foreigners in those occupations, 2018 to 2019 -- Figure B3.1.1 Top providers of agricultural workers to Italy, by country of origin, 2017 -- Figure B3.1.2 Percentage change in migrant agricultural workers in Italy, by country of origin, 2008 to 2017 -- Figure 3.3 Share of 15-year-old students whose mother tongue differs from the language of instruction at school in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.4 Share of 15-year-old students who are socioeconomically disadvantaged in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.5 ICT availability at home for 15-year-old students in selected Mediterranean countries, 2018 -- Figure 3.7 Public opinion toward immigration in EU Mediterranean countries, by type of immigrant, 2002 to 2018 -- Figure 3.6 Correlation between share of telework jobs among natives and share of immigrants across NUTS2 regions of EU countries, 2018 -- Figure 4.1 Proposed policy objectives and actions -- Maps -- Map 1.1 The extended Mediterranean region -- Map 1.2 Cumulative COVID-19 cases per capita, by country, January 2020 to December 2021 -- Tables -- Table 2.1 Health care coverage of foreign workers in selected ­northern Mediterranean EU countries, 2020 -- Table 2.2 Health care coverage of foreign workers in selected southern Mediterranean and GCC countries, 2019 -- Table 2.3 Unemployment insurance coverage of foreign workers in selected northern ­Mediterranean EU countries, 2020.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910812865103321
Testaverde Mauro  
Dordrecht : , : World Bank Publications, , 2022
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Can the Poor Influence Policy?: Participatory Poverty Assessments in the Developing World
Can the Poor Influence Policy?: Participatory Poverty Assessments in the Developing World
Autore Robb Caroline M
Pubbl/distr/stampa [Place of publication not identified], : World Bank Publications, 2002
Soggetto topico Business & Economics
Economic History
ISBN 1-4623-6841-7
1-4552-5178-X
1-280-87817-7
9786613719485
1-4552-3152-5
0-585-45052-8
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910455636103321
Robb Caroline M  
[Place of publication not identified], : World Bank Publications, 2002
Materiale a stampa
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Central America urbanization review : making cities work for Central America / / Augustin Maria [and three others], editors
Central America urbanization review : making cities work for Central America / / Augustin Maria [and three others], editors
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, District of Columbia : , : World Bank Publications, , 2017
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (203 pages) : illustrations, maps
Disciplina 301.360978
Collana Directions in Development;Directions in Development-Countries and Regions
Soggetto topico Urbanization - Central America
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-4648-0986-0
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910465925203321
Washington, District of Columbia : , : World Bank Publications, , 2017
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Collapse and recovery : how the COVID-19 pandemic eroded human capital and what to do about it
Collapse and recovery : how the COVID-19 pandemic eroded human capital and what to do about it
Autore Schady Norbert
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Bloomington : , : World Bank Publications, , 2023
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (189 pages)
Disciplina 330.9
Altri autori (Persone) HollaAlaka
SabarwalShwetlena
SilvaJoana
Soggetto topico COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020 - Economic aspects
COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020 - Influence
Human capital
ISBN 1-4648-1934-3
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Main Messages -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- The pandemic destroyed human capital at critical moments in the life cycle -- Policies to reverse human capital losses -- Building agile, resilient, and adaptive human development systems for future shocks -- A human capital recovery: What will it take? -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 1 A Human Capital Collapse: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Early Childhood, School-Age Children, and Young Adults -- A pending crisis in productivity could last for multiple generations -- Building human capital requires sustained investments along many dimensions from many sources -- Human capital trajectories are set during childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood -- Shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic decrease both levels of human capital and subsequent rates of accumulation -- Countries have three potential paths following the pandemic: A permanently lower trajectory, partial recovery, or complete recovery -- Choices today matter: Governments can change their recovery paths -- The time window for addressing setbacks in human capital accumulation is short -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2 Poor Start: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Early Childhood Development and Subsequent Human Capital Accumulation -- Shocks occurring during early childhood can persist for decades-and even across generations -- The pandemic reduced critical investments in young children -- Children's development slowed during lockdowns -- These early setbacks will have long-lasting ramifications for human capital accumulation, earnings, and economic growth -- How can policy get young children back on track? -- Using the pandemic to prioritize investments in children -- Notes -- References.
Chapter 3 Learning Losses and Dropouts: The Heavy Cost COVID-19 Imposed on School-Age Children -- Schooling generates enormous returns for people and societies -- The COVID-19 pandemic led to shockingly long school closures -- How have governments responded to the pandemic so far? -- What should governments do now? Prioritize effective action -- Inaction is also a decision (a poor one) -- Annex 3A. Methodology for estimating lost Learning-Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4 Lost Opportunities: The Protracted Effects of the Pandemic on Youth and Young Adults -- Youth is a critical moment in the life cycle -- The pandemic led to a sharp reduction and an uneven recovery in employment globally -- Youth employment and wages fell sharply and have recovered in some countries but not in others -- Declines in youth employment were not fully made up by increases in school attendance -- Beyond employment and schooling: Other adverse effects of the pandemic on youth -- How have governments responded so far to the pandemic-related losses in young people's human capital? -- What should governments do now? -- Putting it all together -- Annex 4A. Methodology to calculate changes in employment (and other outcomes) that can be attributed to the pandemic -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5 Recovery and Resilience: From Human Development Programs to Systems -- A moment of reflection -- What are the critical components of an HD system that can respond to systemic shocks? -- How did HD systems fare during the pandemic? -- Building agile, resilient, and adaptive HD systems -- The path forward -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6 Human Capital: What Will It Take? -- Losses in human capital have been deep and pervasive -- The pandemic revealed systemic weaknesses in providing integrated solutions.
Human capital losses from the pandemic threaten the productivity of multiple generations -- Recovery and resilience require immediate investment-they are not automatic -- How can countries prioritize recovery strategies when fiscal space is tight? -- The path to recovery -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- Box 1.1 How does the death toll of the COVID-19 pandemic affect human capital? -- Box 2.1 What past shocks reveal about what can be expected during and immediately after a crisis -- Box 2.2 Identifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization of maternal health services -- Box 2.3 Changes in the composition of patients versus changes in underlying health -- Box 2.4 Using predictions to deal with trends when estimating impacts of the pandemic -- Box 2.5 Measuring changes in skills due to the pandemic -- Box 3.1 Decomposing learning losses in forgone and forgotten learning using rich data from Bangladesh -- Box 3.2 The length of school closures is not correlated with country income or governance quality -- Box 4.1 How labor market scarring works -- Box 4.2 How wage subsidies in response to the pandemic differed by country income -- Box 4.3 Brazil's measures for both informal workers at risk of poverty and low-wage formal workers -- Box 5.1 Relying on prior investments to confront future crises better -- Box 5.2 How countries expanded their social protection programs during the COVID-19 pandemic -- Box 5.3 Leveraging the private sector and local partners to make the pandemic response more effective -- Box 5.4 The urgent need to strengthen human development systems to prepare for future pandemics -- Box 5.5 Togo's use of technology to extend support to vulnerable populations during the COVID-19 pandemic -- Box 6.1 Transitions between stages of the life cycle are critical moments -- Figures.
Figure ES.1 The pandemic led to steep losses in early childhood development and early learning in very young children in Bangladesh and Brazil -- Figure ES.2 During the pandemic, each month of school closures led to one month of learning losses, and more so in countries with lower GDP per capita -- Figure ES.3 Youth employment fell in most countries during the pandemic -- Figure ES.4 Declines in employment of young people during the pandemic were not offset by increases in schooling or training -- Figure ES.5 What are the paths to recovery? -- Figure 1.1 Human capital accumulates over the life cycle -- Figure 1.2 Human capital setbacks that occur at early ages can impair the entire trajectory of accumulation and lower future stocks of human capital -- Figure 1.3 Making a full recovery requires increasing the rate of human capital accumulation compared to trajectories before the pandemic -- Figure 2.1 The share of households and children who had to skip meals or eat smaller portions increased during early lockdowns in some countries -- Figure 2.2 In low-income countries, women and infants lacked critical services during the early pandemic period -- Figure 2.3 By 2021, coverage of essential childhood vaccines had yet to recover fully in many regions from its decline during lockdowns -- Figure 2.4 Pre-primary attendance has not recovered from the pandemic in many countries -- Figure 2.5 Mothers' mental health declined during early lockdowns in rural Colombia and rural Bangladesh, compared with levels in 2019 -- Figure 2.6 The pandemic induced large declines in cognitive and motor development among toddlers in rural Bangladesh, with larger effects on children whose mothers had less education -- Figure 2.7 Children in preschool lost skills in language and math in Brazil, Chile, Rwanda, and Uruguay.
Figure 2.8 After the pandemic, learning of preschool-age children lagged behind pre-pandemic learning in Sobral, Brazil -- Figure 3.1 Globally, an average school-age child lost about one year of in-person schooling -- Figure 3.2 COVID-19 school closures had limited impacts on dropouts in middle-income countries but negative impacts in lower-income countries -- Figure 3.3 Dropout rates are higher for households with low education levels -- Figure 3.4 For 30 days of school closures, students lost 34 days of learning -- Figure 3.5 Learning losses were higher in countries with lower GDP per capita after controlling for length of school closures -- Figure 3.6 Regions vary in the Learning-Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) they lost due to the pandemic -- Figure 3.7 Countries that had similar Learning-Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) before the pandemic had vastly different experiences with learning losses -- Figure 3.8 Countries not losing many total Learning-Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) may have lost much in terms of pre-pandemic shares of LAYS (and vice versa) -- Figure 3.9 Approximately 30 percent of learning losses in Bangladesh were forgotten learning -- Figure B3.2.1 There is no systematic relationship between the length of school closures and log GDP per capita and an indicator of governance effectiveness -- Figure 4.1 Worldwide, employment fell sharply during the pandemic -- Figure 4.2 Youth employment declined sharply during the pandemic -- Figure 4.3 In many countries, the employment losses of youth during the pandemic were compounded by declines in wages -- Figure B4.1.1 Three scenarios show how short-term employment losses can affect a young person's future wages -- Figure 4.4 School enrollment increased in some countries and declined in others during the pandemic.
Figure 4.5 The share of youth who were Not in Education, Employment, or Training (NEETs) increased sharply in some countries during the pandemic.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910838335303321
Schady Norbert  
Bloomington : , : World Bank Publications, , 2023
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The Converging Technology Revolution and Human Capital : Potential and Implications for South Asia
The Converging Technology Revolution and Human Capital : Potential and Implications for South Asia
Autore Bashir Sajitha
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa , : World Bank Publications, , 2021
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (161 pages)
Disciplina 600
Altri autori (Persone) DahlmanCarl
KanehiraNaoto
TilmesKlaus
Collana South Asia Development Forum
Soggetto topico Technological innovations - Economic aspects
Technological innovations - South Asia
ISBN 1-4648-1720-0
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Introduction -- The Priorities for South Asia -- This Study -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2 The Converging Technology Revolution and Human Capital -- Introduction -- Converging Technologies -- Framing the Relationship between Human Capital and Technology -- From Metatrends to Classification of Technologies -- Priorities for Human Capital in South Asia -- Perspectives from the Region: Country Expert Interviews -- Summary -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3 Building and Protecting Human Capital: The Technology Landscape for Service Delivery in South Asia -- Introduction -- Opportunities for Improving Service Delivery in Health, Education, and Social Protection -- Unequal Digital Access in South Asia: Barriers to Equitable Deployment of Technology -- Technology Landscape in Health, Education, and Social Protection in South Asia -- Data-Driven Decision-Making in the Human Development Sectors -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4 Deploying and Utilizing Human Capital: Implications of the Converging Technology Revolution for Employment and Innovation -- Introduction -- Impact of New Technologies on Labor Demand in South Asian Countries -- The Digitization of Innovation and the Role of Advanced Human Capital -- Technology for Local Resilience and Community Innovation -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5 Human Capital Empowerment: The Importance of Trust, Data Safeguards, and Protection of Vulnerable Groups -- Introduction -- The Role of Trust in the Use of Technology -- Data Governance -- Governance of Converging and Dual-Use Technologies -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6 Technology in the World Bank's Portfolio of Human Capital Projects in South Asia.
Introduction -- Breakdown of Technology Components of the World Bank's Human Capital-Related Portfolio in South Asia -- Assessment of Technology Maturity in World Bank Projects -- Implications for Future Engagement -- Notes -- Chapter 7 Scenario Planning: Imagining Alternative Futures for Human Development in South Asia -- Introduction -- Technology Metatrends -- Critical Uncertainties -- Four Alternative Futures -- Recommendations -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 8 Accelerating Human Capital Outcomes in South Asia: The Technology Agenda -- Synthesis -- Nine Action Areas for Leveraging the Converging Technology Revolution to Improve Human Capital Outcomes -- Rising to the Challenge -- Note -- Reference -- Appendix A Technology Metatrends -- Boxes -- Box 4.1 Timeline from Scientific Discoveries to Adoption of Technologies at Scale: The Green Revolution and Treatment of HIV/AIDS -- Box 5.1 National Artificial Intelligence Strategies in the South Asia Region -- Box 6.1 Methodology for Analysis of the World Bank's South Asia Project Portfolio for Human Capital -- Box 7.1 Scenario Analysis: Uses and Methods -- Figures -- Figure ES.1 Nine Action Areas in Which Technology Can Build and Protect, Deployand Utilize, and Empower Human Capital -- Figure 2.1 Relationship between Technology and Human Capital -- Figure 2.2 How Does Technology Enable Human Capital Outcomes and Vice Versa? -- Figure 2.3 Technology Classification Schema and the Human Capital Framework -- Figure 3.1 Mobile Phone and Desktop/Laptop Ownership by Income and Gender and Internet Awareness and Usage: Selected Countries, South Asia -- Figure 3.2 Human Development Technology Landscapes in Health, Education, and Social Protection Sectors, South Asia -- Figure 3.3 Account Ownership and Digital Payments: Selected Countries, South Asia -- Figure 4.1 How Technology and Other Channels Affect Jobs.
Figure 4.2 Timeline from Discovery to Impact at Scale: Green Revolution (1960-2010) and HIV/AIDS (1990-2010) -- Figure 6.1 Technology in World Bank Human Capital-Related Ongoing and Pipeline Projects in South Asia: Build and Protect Pillar -- Figure 6.2 Technology in Word Bank Human Capital-Related Ongoing and Pipeline Projects in South Asia: Deploy and Utilize and Empower Pillars -- Figure 6.3 World Bank Human Development Ongoing and Pipeline Projects by Level of Technology Maturity, South Asia -- Figure 7.1 Summary of Alternative Futures Used in Scenario Planning Exercise -- Figure 8.1 Nine Action Areas in Which Technology Can Build and Protect, Deploy and Utilize, and Empower Human Capital -- Tables -- Table 2.1 Summary of Interview Responses: Kerala (India), Nepal, and Pakistan -- Table 3.1 Technologies for Improving Service Delivery for Building and Protecting Human Capital -- Table 5.1 Risks Posed by Converging Technologies -- Table A.1 Metatrend 1: Technologies for Building and Protecting Human Capital -- Table A.2 Metatrend 2: Data-Driven and Hybrid Human-Machine Technologies for Productive Activities -- Table A.3 Metatrend 3: Complex and Dynamic Innovation Ecosystems -- Table A.4 Metatrend 4: Governance of Dual-Use Technologies.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910795546703321
Bashir Sajitha  
, : World Bank Publications, , 2021
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
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The Converging Technology Revolution and Human Capital : Potential and Implications for South Asia
The Converging Technology Revolution and Human Capital : Potential and Implications for South Asia
Autore Bashir Sajitha
Edizione [1st ed.]
Pubbl/distr/stampa , : World Bank Publications, , 2021
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (161 pages)
Disciplina 600
Altri autori (Persone) DahlmanCarl
KanehiraNaoto
TilmesKlaus
Collana South Asia Development Forum
Soggetto topico Technological innovations - Economic aspects
Technological innovations - South Asia
ISBN 1-4648-1720-0
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Front Cover -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Executive Summary -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Introduction -- The Priorities for South Asia -- This Study -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2 The Converging Technology Revolution and Human Capital -- Introduction -- Converging Technologies -- Framing the Relationship between Human Capital and Technology -- From Metatrends to Classification of Technologies -- Priorities for Human Capital in South Asia -- Perspectives from the Region: Country Expert Interviews -- Summary -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3 Building and Protecting Human Capital: The Technology Landscape for Service Delivery in South Asia -- Introduction -- Opportunities for Improving Service Delivery in Health, Education, and Social Protection -- Unequal Digital Access in South Asia: Barriers to Equitable Deployment of Technology -- Technology Landscape in Health, Education, and Social Protection in South Asia -- Data-Driven Decision-Making in the Human Development Sectors -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4 Deploying and Utilizing Human Capital: Implications of the Converging Technology Revolution for Employment and Innovation -- Introduction -- Impact of New Technologies on Labor Demand in South Asian Countries -- The Digitization of Innovation and the Role of Advanced Human Capital -- Technology for Local Resilience and Community Innovation -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5 Human Capital Empowerment: The Importance of Trust, Data Safeguards, and Protection of Vulnerable Groups -- Introduction -- The Role of Trust in the Use of Technology -- Data Governance -- Governance of Converging and Dual-Use Technologies -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6 Technology in the World Bank's Portfolio of Human Capital Projects in South Asia.
Introduction -- Breakdown of Technology Components of the World Bank's Human Capital-Related Portfolio in South Asia -- Assessment of Technology Maturity in World Bank Projects -- Implications for Future Engagement -- Notes -- Chapter 7 Scenario Planning: Imagining Alternative Futures for Human Development in South Asia -- Introduction -- Technology Metatrends -- Critical Uncertainties -- Four Alternative Futures -- Recommendations -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 8 Accelerating Human Capital Outcomes in South Asia: The Technology Agenda -- Synthesis -- Nine Action Areas for Leveraging the Converging Technology Revolution to Improve Human Capital Outcomes -- Rising to the Challenge -- Note -- Reference -- Appendix A Technology Metatrends -- Boxes -- Box 4.1 Timeline from Scientific Discoveries to Adoption of Technologies at Scale: The Green Revolution and Treatment of HIV/AIDS -- Box 5.1 National Artificial Intelligence Strategies in the South Asia Region -- Box 6.1 Methodology for Analysis of the World Bank's South Asia Project Portfolio for Human Capital -- Box 7.1 Scenario Analysis: Uses and Methods -- Figures -- Figure ES.1 Nine Action Areas in Which Technology Can Build and Protect, Deployand Utilize, and Empower Human Capital -- Figure 2.1 Relationship between Technology and Human Capital -- Figure 2.2 How Does Technology Enable Human Capital Outcomes and Vice Versa? -- Figure 2.3 Technology Classification Schema and the Human Capital Framework -- Figure 3.1 Mobile Phone and Desktop/Laptop Ownership by Income and Gender and Internet Awareness and Usage: Selected Countries, South Asia -- Figure 3.2 Human Development Technology Landscapes in Health, Education, and Social Protection Sectors, South Asia -- Figure 3.3 Account Ownership and Digital Payments: Selected Countries, South Asia -- Figure 4.1 How Technology and Other Channels Affect Jobs.
Figure 4.2 Timeline from Discovery to Impact at Scale: Green Revolution (1960-2010) and HIV/AIDS (1990-2010) -- Figure 6.1 Technology in World Bank Human Capital-Related Ongoing and Pipeline Projects in South Asia: Build and Protect Pillar -- Figure 6.2 Technology in Word Bank Human Capital-Related Ongoing and Pipeline Projects in South Asia: Deploy and Utilize and Empower Pillars -- Figure 6.3 World Bank Human Development Ongoing and Pipeline Projects by Level of Technology Maturity, South Asia -- Figure 7.1 Summary of Alternative Futures Used in Scenario Planning Exercise -- Figure 8.1 Nine Action Areas in Which Technology Can Build and Protect, Deploy and Utilize, and Empower Human Capital -- Tables -- Table 2.1 Summary of Interview Responses: Kerala (India), Nepal, and Pakistan -- Table 3.1 Technologies for Improving Service Delivery for Building and Protecting Human Capital -- Table 5.1 Risks Posed by Converging Technologies -- Table A.1 Metatrend 1: Technologies for Building and Protecting Human Capital -- Table A.2 Metatrend 2: Data-Driven and Hybrid Human-Machine Technologies for Productive Activities -- Table A.3 Metatrend 3: Complex and Dynamic Innovation Ecosystems -- Table A.4 Metatrend 4: Governance of Dual-Use Technologies.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910821540903321
Bashir Sajitha  
, : World Bank Publications, , 2021
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Costa Rica: forest strategy and the evolution of land use
Costa Rica: forest strategy and the evolution of land use
Autore Camimo Velozo Ronnie de
Pubbl/distr/stampa [Place of publication not identified], : World Bank Publications, 2000
Disciplina 333.75/097286
ISBN 1-280-09076-6
9786610090761
0-585-34550-3
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910587490803321
Camimo Velozo Ronnie de  
[Place of publication not identified], : World Bank Publications, 2000
Materiale a stampa
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