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Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Introduction: Wall Street's Denial -- 2022: The Year When the Veil of the Temple Was Torn -- The Pandemic Crisis -- And Then There Was War -- The Energy Crisis -- But All Is Not Lost for Everybody -- The Looming Sovereign Debt Crisis -- Central Banks Lose Control of Inflation -- The Chinese Economy in Financial Demise -- 2023 or the Year Depositors Were Favored with Public Money: SVB, FRB, and Credit Suisse -- The Mismanagement of Silicon Valley Bank -- The Contagion of First Republic Bank -- The Credit Suisse Saga -- The Three Cases Have a Common Thread -- The Disconnect with the Real Economy -- Inflation Rears Its Ugly Head -- Fraud and Manipulation Are on the Rise -- Wall Street Imposes Its Short-Term Vision -- Priority to the Shareholder: The Ideology That Creates Inequality -- Humanism Rather Than Populism -- The Emergence of Plutocracy -- The Cause Is Not Lost -- It Is Time to Tell the Truth -- An Unsustainable Inequality -- The Excesses of Financial Markets Threaten Democracy -- The Stock Market Is Not an Economic or Political Barometer -- Citizens Are Falling into the Debt Trap -- Modern Monetary Theory Is Political -- A Reminder of Previous Episodes -- Before and After 2008: A Classic Financial Crisis -- The Explosion of Debt Since the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 -- The Year 2020: A Viral Tsunami -- Wall Street at the Heart of Financial Capitalism -- The Power of Financial Markets -- The IMF and the World Bank Sound the Alarm -- Financial Accountability -- To Whom Are Financiers Accountable? -- The Fragmentation of Authorities Facilitates Unaccountability -- Beyond Compliance: Social Responsibility -- A Coalition of Interests Facilitates Manipulation -- The Weakening of Democratic Control -- The Pillars: Issuers and Investors in Search of Growth and Profit.
Companies Looking for Equity and Long-Term Financing -- The Challenges of the Listed Company -- Not Every Company Can Become Public -- Governance of Listed Companies -- Access to International Capital -- The Chinese Dilemma -- Investors Look for Valuable Assets -- Investor Diversity and Market Fragmentation -- Individual Investors -- Private Equity Funds -- Mutual Funds and Investment Trusts -- Hedge Funds -- Insurance Companies -- Pension Funds -- Governments as Shareholders, or the Double Language -- AIG and Hank Greenberg -- The Conservatorship of Fannie Mae and Freddy Mac -- France and the Double Voting Rights -- Emerging Markets and State Ownership -- Sovereign Wealth Funds -- The Operators in Search of Liquidity -- Market Makers Between Volume and Investment -- Algorithmic Trading: A Short-Term Mechanism -- Brokers at the Service of the Investor -- Banks at the Heart of Conflicts of Interest -- The Crisis of 1929 Excluded Banks from Capital Markets -- The End of the Glass-Steagall Act or the Return of the Universal Bank in the United States -- The Domination of the Bond Market by the Banks -- Banks as Prime Brokers at the Service of Hedge Funds -- Are Public Authorities Complicit or Ignorant? -- Governments and the Explosion of Sovereign Debt -- Is There a Limit to the Indebtedness of the United States? -- Is Europe in Control of Its Indebtedness? -- The Japanese Mirage -- The Regulatory Authorities' Denial of Sovereign Risks -- Central Banks to the Rescue of Financial Markets and Borrowers -- Central Banks Buy Back Government Bonds: A High-Risk Self-Financing Operation -- Should Central Banks Support the Financial Markets? For Whom Do Central Banks Work? -- Central Banks at the Service of the Capital Markets? -- An Ecosystem at the Service of the Corporate World -- Law Firms or the Privatization of Financial Law.
Audit Firms and the Temptation of Complacency -- Enron in Collusion with Arthur Andersen -- Ernst & -- Young Does Not Check the Bank Statements of Wirecard -- The Media at the Service of the Financial Markets -- How Does the Control of Information Affect the Proper Functioning of Markets? -- The Single Mind of the Financial Markets -- No One Size Fits All -- Financial Markets Operate in Their Own Interest -- Stock Markets in the Oven and in the Mill -- A Little History: From "Seat" Owners to a Public Company -- Shareholder Transformation and Acquisitions -- The United States -- Europe -- Asia -- The Valuation of Companies at the Heart of Stock Exchanges -- What Is the Value of a Listed Company? -- Price Fragmentation and Platform Abundance -- Beware of Your Friends... -- Trading Platforms -- Pseudo Markets: Crypto Exchanges and Other Platforms -- Liquidity Is the Core of the Market, But It Is Not an End in Itself -- The Contribution of the Financial Markets Is Essential -- Pensions Financed by the Financial Markets -- The Growing Importance of Energy Transition -- Healthcare's Thirst for Financing: A Viral Need -- The Growing Impact of Financial Markets on Households -- Sophisticated Investors: The United States vs Europe -- Know Your Customer: The Golden Rule for Brokers and Financial Advisors -- Investment in Funds: Indirect Influence? -- Barriers to Entry -- Incomprehensible Language -- The Onslaught Through Financial Marketing -- Addiction to Debt -- Unequal Access to Financial Markets -- A Source of Enrichment for the Wealthy? -- Ninety Percent of the World Population Has No Access to Financial Markets -- Is Financial Innovation Making Financial? -- The Innovative Products -- Derivatives: Who Benefits? -- Short Selling: What Is the Credit Risk of Securities Lenders? -- Is That All?.
Increasing the Size of Financial Markets for Liquidity Reasons? -- The Crypto (In)experiment or the Creation of Assets Without Substance -- Cryptos Are a Gigantic Ponzi Scheme -- A Net Loss to the Economy -- Facebook and Its Libra, or an Arrogant Company's Dreams of Grandeur -- Central Bank Digital Currencies, or the Defensiveness of Currency Issuers -- Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs): A Useful Innovation -- High-Frequency Trading, or the Race to the Nanosecond for the Strongest -- The Regulation of Innovation Is Essential -- The Problem of Regulators -- A Culture Above the Law? -- When the Ideology of the Markets Defies Democracy -- Do Financial Markets Have an Ideology? -- The Invasion of American Financial Capitalism -- The Marshall Plan -- A Series of Big Bangs -- The Arrival En Masse of American Players on the London Market -- The Cult of Shareholder Value -- Without Shareholders, There Would Be No Companies -- The Dogma of the Primacy of Shareholder Value Conflicts with Social Purpose -- Is Shareholder Enrichment Going Beyond What They Deserve? -- The Question of Inequality Cannot Be Avoided -- Executive Compensation Tied to Market Prices -- What About Stock Options? -- The Race for Shareholder Return -- What About the Dividend? -- Share Buybacks to Boost Returns… and Threaten Financial Stability -- The Short and Long Term: Shareholder Activism -- Shareholder Activism Can Be Useful Depending on Its Purpose -- Activism and Abuse of Rights -- Is Shareholder Value a Threat to Employment? -- Dividends vs. Jobs -- Capital Markets, Politics, and Policies -- Finance Is Not Included in the Political Debate -- The Financing of Elections -- Democratic Institutions Funded by Interest Groups -- What About the World? -- Financial Markets and International Politics -- The Fight Against International Corruption -- The Challenge of Emerging Countries.
The Chinese Case or the Misled Listing War -- International Cooperation of Regulators -- The Role of Taxation in Capital Inequalities -- Corporate Income Tax Stumbles Around the World: The Cost of Globalization -- Tax Inequality: Households Are the Cash Cow of the State -- Large Companies Do Not Pay Income Taxes -- A Major Shift in Corporate Taxation? -- Wealthy Tax Evasion -- An Undemocratic Coalition of Hostile Interests -- For a Democratic Reform of Financial Markets -- A Complete Change of Perspective -- A Change of Mentality Is Always a Challenge -- A Social and Solidarity-Based Capitalism Is Possible -- The Public Sector Must Reduce Its Dependency on Wall Street -- The State and Financial Contributions Corrupt the Decision-Making Process -- The Holy Alliance of Special Interests -- Eliminate Tax Deductibility of Political Contributions and Lobbying -- The Opacity of Political Contributions -- Refocusing Central Banks on Monetary Policy -- The Failure of the Custodians of Inflation -- A Politically Impossible Mission? -- Stop Printing Money -- Conflicts of Interest Require a Change in Governance: Central Banks as Supermarkets -- Transparency Is Not Optional -- The Supervision of Banks Needs to Be Transferred to an Independent Agency -- Redefining the Independence of Central Banks -- Central Banks Pretend to be Independent: Are They? -- Redeploying the Corporate World on Its Mission -- Making Corporate Officers and Directors Personally Accountable -- Individualizing Responsibility -- Disconnecting Executive Compensation from the Stock Market -- Making Directors Accountable for Avoiding Difficult Questions and Not Sanctioning Management -- Separating the Functions of Chairman and CEO -- Shares Buybacks Are Strategic Decisions That Must Be Justified -- Where Are the Banking Regulators? -- Making Investors Accountable.
Clarifying the Relationship with Issuers -- Promoting Investments Based on Sustainability Principles -- Promoting Fair Markets -- The Redistribution of Wealth -- Containing the Size of Capital Markets -- Limit the Use of Derivatives Through Capital Adequacy -- Treating Short Selling as Lending -- Rebalancing Labor and Capital Through Taxation -- Effectively Tax Large Companies -- Taxation of Capital Gains -- Promote a Tax on Financial Transactions? -- Fighting Fraud Facilitated by Financial Markets -- Reconciling Shareholders and Society -- A Social and Solidarity-Based Approach to Financial Markets -- Promoting a Long-Term Vision: Publishing a Three-Year Plan Every Year? -- Strengthening Financial Regulation -- Strengthen the Independence of Financial Regulation -- Financial Regulation Needs to be Robust -- Supervising Financial Innovation: The Deceiving Mask of Financial Engineering -- Regulating Cryptos -- The Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (SPACs) -- Promote Education, Information and Honest Communication -- Financial Education Must Be Part of Adolescent Education -- Establishing a True Financial Education of the General Public -- Financial Communication in the Age of Fake News -- Making the Media Responsible for Financial Information -- Rein in Financial Advertisement -- The Governance of Markets: An Opportunity for Europe -- Developing a Robust European Financial Market -- Establishing a European Model of Corporate Governance -- The Regionalization of Globalization Is an Opportunity for Europe -- Globalization Will Have to Evolve -- The European Capital Markets Union Is an Essential Ambition.
Renewing the Threads of Trust in Finance: An Ethical Endeavor -- Telling the Truth to Regain Confidence -- Disconnect the Remuneration System from the Stock Price -- Recognize the Politicization of Financial Markets -- Ex Aequo and Bono: The Need for Democratic Equity -- There Is No Democratic Society Without Equity -- These Books Inspired me
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The twenty years' crisis 1919-1939 : an introduction the study of international relations / by E.H. Carr
