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Intro -- Preface -- About This Book -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Tables -- 1 Introduction: The Global South and the Multipolar Moment -- Introduction -- A Third Great Power Shift -- The Global South (GS)2 -- An Incipient and Different Multipolarity -- Foreign Policy and Diplomacy -- Leadership, Power, Influence: Some Considerations -- Scope/Selection of Countries -- Notes -- References -- Part I The Search for Global Leadership and Influence -- 2 Brazil's Uncertain Rise: Ambitions and Challenges -- Introduction -- A Theoretical Note -- Aims and Strategies of Brazil's Foreign Policy -- Foreign Policy Initiatives Under the Workers' Party Administrations (2003-2014) -- Changes in Brazil's Foreign Policy, 2016-2022 -- Influences and Drivers in Brazil's Foreign Policy -- Democratization -- Economic Factors -- Presidential Vision -- Culture -- Bureaucratic Culture -- Prospects for the Future -- Notes -- References -- 3 China, the Global South and the Struggle for Hegemony -- Introduction -- Analytical Framework and a Conceptual Note -- China's Search for Global Leadership Since 1949 -- China's Diplomatic Strategies: Multiple Means to Myriad Ends -- A "Soft" Security Policy: Hard Power Assets in Exchange for Soft Power Dividends -- A "Developmental" Economic Policy: Balancing Domestic and External Interests -- A Multilateralist Policy: Seeking Multipolarity in International Affairs -- Internal and External Influences on Chinese Diplomacy -- The Impact of the Global Structure -- Domestic Structure and Personal Preferences -- Societal Influences: Nationalism -- Problems and Prospects in China's Struggle for Hegemony -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 4 India's Diplomatic Strategies and Foreign Policy: Decoding the "Saffron" Elephant -- Introduction -- Ideas and Concepts -- Indian Foreign Policy Strategies.
Between Idealism, Realism, and Pragmatism -- Nonaligned to Multialigned -- The Wider Region -- Commitment to Global Multilateralism -- Influences on India's Foreign Policy -- The Domestic Environment -- Economic Growth and Transformation -- Decentralization -- Religion and Culture -- Decision-Making and the Foreign Policy Bureaucracy -- Assessment -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 5 The Search for Global-Regional Power: South Africa in Africa and the World -- Introduction -- Conceptual Framework -- South Africa's Foreign Policy Strategies: Patterns of Continuity and Change -- South Africa in the Global Arena -- South Africa and the Global South -- South-South Cooperation -- The African Agenda -- Foreign Policy Drivers -- A History of Struggle -- Shifts in the External Environment -- The Domestic Context -- Assessing South Africa's Foreign Policy Achievements and Challenges -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Part II The Search for Regional Leadership and Influence -- 6 Colombia: Negotiating the Domestic-Global Nexus -- Introduction -- Relevant Conceptual Frameworks -- Strategies in Colombia's Diplomacy -- Colombia and the USA: An Enduring Relationship -- Attempts at Diversification of Relations -- Regionalism and Multilateralism -- Influences on Colombia's Foreign Policy -- The Security Environment -- Leadership Orientations -- Economic Influences -- Public Opinion -- The Diplomatic Machinery -- Conclusion: Colombia Going Forward -- Notes -- References -- 7 Iran's Diplomatic Strategies: A Permanent Quest for Regional Power Status -- Introduction: Iran, a Regional Power -- Theorizing Iranian Foreign Policy -- Iran's Diplomatic Strategies -- Pre-revolutionary Strategies: Prioritizing Hard Power -- Hard and Soft Power Post 1979 -- Pragmatism in the 1990s -- Countering Ostracism with Cooperation and Soft Power -- Anti-System Strategies.
Active Diplomacy and Asymmetric Deterrence -- A Pragmatist-Ideological Policy -- Drivers of Iran's Foreign Policy/Diplomacy -- Systemic Factors -- Ideology and Culture -- Leadership Factors -- Elite Contention -- Role of Bureaucratic Institutions -- Assessment -- Conclusion: Future Prospects -- Notes -- References -- 8 Kenya's Search for Regional and International Influence -- Introduction -- Conceptual Framework -- Kenya's Foreign Policy Strategies -- Drivers of Kenya's Foreign Policy -- Geographical Location -- Leadership and Governmental Factors -- Political and Societal Culture -- The Bureaucracy -- Conclusion: Prospects -- References -- 9 Nigeria in the Region and the World: Diplomatic Challenges in a Multipolar World -- Introduction -- Changes in Theorizing Nigeria's Foreign Policy -- An Ambitious Foreign Policy -- Regional Relations -- International Efforts -- Nigeria's Foreign Policy: Influences and Challenges -- Democratization -- The Impact of the Economy -- Culture -- The Decision-Making Structure and the Bureaucracy -- A Concluding Assessment -- Notes -- References -- 10 Saudi Arabia's Pursuit of Status Recognition -- Introduction -- A Note on Power and Status: The Saudi Puzzle -- Saudi Strategies Since 2015 -- Domestic Influences on Saudi Foreign Policy -- Role of the Leadership -- Governmental and Bureaucratic Structure -- Leadership Circle and Decision-Making -- The Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Personalization vs Institutionalization -- Culture and Society -- Some Problems -- Conclusion: Prospects for a Future Rise -- Notes -- References -- Part III The Search for Subregional Leadership and Influence -- 11 Cuba: Still Waging Niche Diplomacy -- Introduction -- A Theoretical Note -- Cuba: Strategies in the Subregion and Beyond -- Regionalism -- Internationalism -- The Special Case of Medical Diplomacy.
Influences and Drivers of Cuba's Diplomacy -- The Economy -- Nationalism, Culture, and Identity -- The Centrality of Leadership and the State -- Challenges -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 12 Rwanda: Punching Above Its Weight in the Great Lakes Region -- Introduction -- Relevant Concepts -- An Ambitious Foreign Policy -- Rwanda's Economic Ambitions -- National Security -- The DRC -- Uganda -- Regionalism and Multilateralism -- Influences on Rwanda's Foreign Policy -- The Government Structure and Kagame's Transformative Authoritarianism -- A Societal Construction: Genocide Memory -- Civil Society -- Role of the Foreign Policy Bureaucracy -- Conclusion: Challenges and Opportunities -- Notes -- References -- 13 Singapore's Diplomatic Strategies: Prioritizing Rationality, Encountering Slippages -- Introduction -- Theorizing Singapore's Foreign Policy and Diplomacy -- Singapore's Foreign Policy: Enlargement Strategies -- Regional Mediation and Balancing -- Activism Within International Organizations -- The Singapore Model of Development -- Influences on Singapore's Diplomacy -- Historical Rationality and Post-Independence Leadership -- Values and Diplomacy -- Lee Kuan Yew's Practical Approach -- The Bureaucracy -- Assessment -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 14 The New International Relations of the United Arab Emirates: Regional Alignment and Global Rise -- Introduction -- A Conceptual Note: The UAE as a Middle Power -- UAE's Diplomatic Strategies Since Independence -- The Imperative of Security -- Elements of a Low-Key Approach -- The Search for Influence -- A Geopolitical Realignment and Diversification of Relations -- Global Multilateralism -- Drivers of UAE Foreign Policy -- Geopolitics -- Domestic Factors -- Governmental Structure and Political Leadership -- The Economy -- The Demographic Imbalance -- Concluding Assessment -- References.
15 Conclusion: Commonalities, and Going Forward -- Introduction -- Evaluating Common Strategies -- Economic Diplomacy for Advanced Development -- The Importance of Participation in Global Multilateral Forums -- Influences on Foreign Policy and Diplomacy -- The Diplomatic Corps -- Moving On -- Notes -- References -- Index.
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Diplomatic Strategies of Rising Nations in the Global South : The Search for Leadership and Influence
