Inner-city poverty in the United States / / Laurence E. Lynn, Jr., and Michael G.H. McGeary, editors ; Committee on National Urban Policy, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, National Research Council

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1990
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (viii, 280 pages) : illustrations, maps
• Disciplina: 362.5/0973/091732
• Soggetto topico: Urban poor - United States; Urban poor - Government policy - United States; Inner cities - United States; Inner cities - Government policy - United States
• Altri autori: LynnLaurence E. <1937-> McGearyMichael G. H
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Inner-City Poverty in the United States -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Summary -- FINDINGS -- Extent and Location of Ghetto Poverty -- Effects of Living in Ghettos -- CONCLUSIONS -- 1 Introduction -- TRENDS IN URBAN POVERTY -- GHETTO POVERTY -- THE UNDERCLASS HYPOTHESIS -- POLICY ISSUES -- REFERENCES -- 2 Ghetto Poverty: Basic Questions -- INTRODUCTION -- Dimensions of Urban Poverty -- Defining and Measuring Ghetto Poverty -- The 40 Percent Poverty Criterion -- The Level of Ghetto Poverty -- Data Sources -- CHARACTERISTICS OF GHETTO NEIGHBORHOODS -- Race/Ethnicity -- Family Structure and Demographics -- Economic Characteristics -- Social Characteristics -- Public Policy and Ghettos -- GHETTO POVERTY, 1970-1980: THE NATIONAL PICTURE -- The Number of Ghetto Poor -- An Aside: Rural High-Poverty Areas -- The Growth of Ghetto Poverty, 1970-1980 -- Where Are the Ghetto Poor? -- The Level of Ghetto Poverty -- Ghetto Poverty and the SMSA Poverty Rate -- THE GEOGRAPHY OF GHETTO POVERTY -- Understanding Increases in Ghetto Poverty -- The Geographic Spread of the Ghetto -- Movements from Ghetto and Mixed-Income Tracts -- Tracts Becoming Ghettos -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix A Issues Related to the Processing of Census Tract Tapes -- PRIMARY AND COMPLEMENTARY SUPPRESSION -- CHANGES IN SMSA BOUNDARIES, 1970-1980 -- BASIC DATA ON GHETTO POVERTY, 1970-1980 -- 3 How Poverty Neighborhoods Are Changing -- THE CONCEPT OF A "PROVERTY NEIGHBORHOOD -- Poverty Neighborhoods as Neighborhoods -- Consistent Neighborhood Boundaries -- Study Neighborhoods -- NEIGHBORHOOD CHANGES IN THE 1970S -- Eastern and Midwestern Poverty Neighborhoods: A Study in Decline -- Intraregional Changes -- Los Angeles -- NEIGHBORHOOD CHANGES IN A LONGER PERSPECTIVE -- Population and Housing Changes in the 1960s -- From 1960 to 1980. ; THE FILTERING PROCESS AND THE CULTURE OF POVERTY -- The Bottom of the Barrel -- Mobility Between and Within Neighborhoods -- The New Immigration -- STATISTICAL ANALYSES OF NEIGHBORHOOD CHANGES -- General Findings -- New Housing and Neighborhood Changes -- Population -- Income -- Housing Conditions -- Unemployment and Labor Force Participation -- POLICY IMPLICATIONS: WHAT MIGHT HELP? -- Programs for the Poor -- Housing -- Community Development Strategies -- National Economic Policy and Poverty Neighborhoods -- CONCLUSION: PROSPECTS AND POSSIBILITIES -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 4 The Social Consequences of Growing Up in a Poor Neighborhood -- INTRODUCTION -- The Advantages of Advantaged Neighbors -- The Disadvantages of Advantaged Neighbors -- The Irrelevance of Advantaged Neighbors -- PROBLEMS IN MEASURING NEIGHBORHOOD EFFECTS ON CHILDREN -- Controlling Exogenous Influences -- Longitudinal Versus Cross-sectional Models -- Nonlinear Effects of Socioeconomic Mix -- Interactions Between Neighborhood SES and Individual SES -- Choosing Appropriate Measures of Neighborhood Composition -- Estimating Neighborhoods' Overall Effect -- EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT -- High School SES and College Attendance -- High School Racial Composition and College Attendance -- High School Graduation -- Neighborhoods' Cumulative Effect -- Conclusions about Educational Attainment -- COGNITIVE SKILLS -- Effects of High Schools' Mean SES -- Effects of Elementary School's Mean SES -- Effects of Racial Composition on Blacks -- The First Year of Desegregation -- Nonlinearities -- Effects of Racial Composition on Whites -- Conclusions About Cognitive Skills -- CRIME -- School Effects: Nashville in the 1950s -- Neighborhood Effects: Chicago in 1972 -- Rearrests Among Ex-Offenders: Baltimore in 1978-1980 -- Conclusions about Crime -- TEENAGE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR. ; Single Teenage Motherhood -- Pregnancy -- Contraception -- Age at First Intercourse -- Conclusions -- LABOR MARKET SUCCESS -- Neighborhood Effects -- School Effects -- Mean SES -- Racial Composition -- Conclusions About Labor Market Success -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- Educational Attainment -- Cognitive Skills -- Crime -- Teenage Sexual Behavior -- Labor Market Success -- Empirical Generalizations -- Methodological Implications -- Implications for the Organization of Research -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 5 Residential Segregation, Job Proximity, and Black Job Opportunities -- RESIDENTIAL SEGREGATION AND DEMAND FOR BLACK WORKERS -- Theoretical Issues -- Empirical Evidence -- EFFECTS OF JOB PROXIMITY ON LABOR SUPPLY -- Neighborhood Comparisons -- City-To-City Comparisons -- Reconciling Neighborhood Studies with SMSA Studies -- CAN BLACKS EARN MORE IN THE SUBURBS? -- HOW DO BLACKS FARE WHEN THEY LIVE IN THE SUBURBS? -- WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE? -- Demand for Black Workers -- Job Proximity and Labor Supply -- Suburban Versus Central-City Wages -- Blacks Who Live in the Suburbs -- Policy Implications -- Future Research -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- 6 Ghetto Poverty and Federal Policies and Programs -- FEDERAL POLICIES AND PROGRAMS THAT PROMOTE OR FAIL TO PREVENT INCOME SEGREGATION -- Housing -- Tax Treatment of Housing -- Federal Housing Subsidy Programs -- Residential Desegregation -- Transportation -- Highways -- Mass Transit -- Economic Development1 -- Welfare -- FEDERAL PROGRAMS THAT COULD REDUCE POVERTY CONCENTRATION -- Education -- Training -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 7 Conclusions -- FINDINGS -- The Changing Structure of Urban Economies -- Effects of Ghetto Poverty -- Contextual Effects -- The Existence of an Urban Underclass -- CONCLUSIONS -- Macroeconomic Policies -- Human Capital Investment -- Increasing Mobility. ; RESEARCH DIRECTIONS -- REFERENCES -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: Documents the growth of concentrated poverty in central cities of the United States and examines what is known about its causes and effects. This volume is useful for policymakers, program administrators, researchers studying urban poverty issues, faculty, and students.
• Titolo autorizzato: Inner-city poverty in the United States
• ISBN: 9786610212378; 9781280212376; 1280212373; 9780309543491; 0309543495; 9780585144481; 0585144486
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910961926203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II