Ozone depletion, chemistry and impacts / / Sem H. Bakker, editor

• Pubblicazione: Hauppauge, N.Y., : Nova Science Publishers, c2009
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (348 p.)
• Disciplina: 363.738/75
• Soggetto topico: Ozone layer depletion; Atmospheric ozone - Reduction; Air - Pollution; Ozone-depleting substances
• Altri autori: BakkerSem H
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- OZONE DEPLETION, CHEMISTRY AND IMPACTS -- OZONE DEPLETION, CHEMISTRY AND IMPACTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1OZONE PRECURSOR MONITORING-NEWPROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Conventional Gas Chromatography Techniques -- 3. Fast Response Monitoring Techniques -- 3.1. Online GC in a Trigger Mode -- 3.2. PTR (Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry) -MS -- 3.3. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) -- 3.4. Fast MICROGC -- 4. IR (Infrared) Imaging -- 4.1. IR Cameras -- 4.2. Infrared Tunable Laser Spectroscopy -- 5. Two-Dimensional (2d) GC -- 5.1. Orthogonal Theory of Two Dimensional GC -- 5.2. Modulation -- 5.3. VOC Measurement Using 2D GC -- 5.4. Remaining Issues for VOC Measurement Using 2D GC -- 6. Conclusion -- References: -- Chapter 2 OZONE DECOMPOSITION BY CATALYSTS AND ITS APPLICATION IN WATER TREATMENT: AN OVERVIEW -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Ozone -- 3. Advanced Oxidation Processes Based on Ozone -- 3.1. Ozonation in Alkaline Medium -- 3.2. Ozonation in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide -- 3.3. Ozonation in the Presence of UV Radiation -- 4. Catalytic Ozonation -- 4.1. Homogeneous Catalytic Ozonation -- 4.2. Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation -- 4.2.1. Supported Metals -- 4.2.2. Metal Oxides -- 4.2.3. Supported Metal Oxides -- 4.2.4. Activated Carbons -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3DECOLORIZATION EFFICIENCY OF OZONEAND OZONE DERIVATIVES FOR SEVERAL KINDSOF DYE IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials And Methods -- 2.1. Materials -- 2.2. Experimental Set-up -- 2.3. Experimental Methods -- 2.4. Analytic Methods -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Decolorization Efficiency -- 3.2. pH -- 3.3. Variation of UV-vis Spectrum and Its Dynamics in Dye Ozonation -- 3.3.1. UV-Vis Spectrum during Dye Ozonation -- 3.3.2. Dynamics of Dye Ozonation. ; 3.4. Mineralization of Sample Solutions and Release of the Ions -- 3.5. Formation of Ions in Ozonation of Dyes -- 3.5.1. Comparative Study on SO42- Roduction in Azo and Anthraquinone Dyes -- 3.5.2. Comparative Study on NH4+ and NO3- Production in Azo and AnthraquinoneDyes -- 3.5.3. Comparative Study on Cl- Production of Azo, Anthraquinone and Lush Dyes -- 3.6. Formation of Ions in Degradation of Dyes Ozonation by Ozone -- 3.7. Changes to Dye Molecules -- 3.7.1. Acid Light Yellow G Azo Dye -- 3.7.2. Acid Blue R- Anthraquinone Type -- 3.8. TOC -- 3.9. Analysis of Organic Derivatives -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4OZONE IN THE DEGRADATION OF PHENOLSAND XENOBIOTICS -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Ozone and Lignin -- Ozone and Olive Oil Mill Wastewater -- Ozone and Herbicides -- References -- Chapter 5AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AND HYPER-RESPONSIVENESS INDUCED BY OZONE EXPOSURE -- Abstract -- 1. A Novel Animal Model of Airway HyperresponsivenessInduced by Ozone Exposure -- Animal Model of Ozone Exposure -- Measurement of Airway Responsiveness in vivo -- Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) -- Preparation of Lung Tissues and Morphological Analysis -- 2. Association with Ozone Stressed Epithelial Cells and AHR -- Decrease of Antioxidant Activity -- Imbalance of Adhesion Molecule Expression -- Enhanced Airway Inflammation -- Mucus Secretion Control and Transport in AHR -- Antigen Presentation Action by BEC in AHR -- The Wound Repair in Airway Epithelium and Airway Remodeling -- Pulmonary Peptidergic Innervation Remodeling -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 6OZONE HISTORY AND ECOSYSTEMS: A GOLIATHFROM IMPACTS TO ADVANCE INDUSTRIAL BENEFITSAND INTERESTS, TO ENVIRONMENTALAND THERAPEUTICAL STRATEGIES -- Introduction -- Applications of Ozone in Food Industry -- Factors Influencing Microbial Inactivation in Food Industry. ; Applications of Ozone in Husbandry (Animal Breeding) -- Environmental Applications of Ozone -- Measurement of Ozone -- Ozone Safety -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7CATALYTIC OZONIZATION: A NEW APPROACHTO THE TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Homogeneous Catalytic Ozonation -- Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter8BIVARIATESTOCHASTICVOLATILITYMODELSAPPLIEDTOMEXICOCITYOZONEPOLLUTIONDATA -- Abstract -- 1.Introduction -- 2.BivariateStochasticVolatilityModels(BSV) -- 2.1.ModelI -- 2.2.ModelII -- 2.3.ModelIII -- 2.4.ModelIV -- 2.5.ModelV -- 2.6.ModelVI -- 3.BayesianAnalysis -- 3.1.ClassI -- 3.2.ClassII -- 3.3.ClassIII -- 4.ModelSelection -- 5.AnApplicationtotheWeeklyOzoneAveragesinMexicoCity -- 5.1.DescriptionoftheData -- 5.2.ApplicationoftheModelsandResults -- 5.2.1.ModelI -- 5.2.2.ModelII -- 5.2.3.ModelIII -- 5.2.4.ModelIV -- 5.2.5.ModelV -- 5.2.6.ModelVI -- 5.2.7.ModelSelection -- 6.Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 9RATE CONSTANTS OF THE GAS-PHASE REACTIONOF OZONE WITH ORGANOSULFIDES AT ROOMTEMPERATURE -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Results and Discussion -- Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 10A MODEL-BASED WARNING SYSTEM FOR AIRPOLLUTION MONITORING (APPLICATION TOGROUND-LEVEL OZONE AND PM10 TIME SERIESMEASURED IN BORDEAUX, FRANCE) -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Problem Setting -- 1.2. Air Quality Standards in Europe -- 1.3. Brief Review of Model Based Approaches for Ozoneand PM10 Monitoring -- 2. Air Pollution Measurements and Meteorological Data -- 2.1. Meteorology and Meteorological Data -- 2.2. Ozone and Precursors Data -- 2.3. PM10 Data -- 3. Selection of Input Variables -- 3.1. Input Variables for Ozone Modelling -- 3.2. Input Variables for PM10 -- 4. Monitoring Strategy -- 4.1. Methodology. ; 4.2. Adaptive Non Linear State-Space Based Prediction -- 4.2.1. Model Structure for Ozone Forecasting -- 4.2.2. Model Structure for PM10 Forecasting -- 4.2.3. Extended State Estimation and Adaptation Mechanism -- 4.3. Optimization of Hyper Parameters -- 4.4. Auxiliary Module for Threshold Exceedance (Ozone) -- 4.5. Prediction of the Temporal Extent of a Smog Episode (Ozone) -- 5. Experimental Results -- 5.1. Ozone -- 5.2. PM10 -- 5.3. Concluding Remarks -- 6. Modelling Extreme Values for Air Quality Monitoring -- 6.1. Problem Statement -- Notations Used in this Section -- 6.2. L∞ Parameter Estimation -- 6.3. Experiments -- 6.3.1. Model Structures -- 6.3.2. Results and Discussion -- 6.4. Concluding Remarks -- Appendix -- Performance Indicators -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 11THE QUASI-BIENNIAL OSCILLATIONSIN THE EQUATORIAL STRATOSPHERE:SEASONAL REGULARITIES, DEPENDENCEON THE SOLAR UV FLUX, AND RELATIONTO OZONE DEPLETION IN ANTARCTICA -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data and Method of the Analysis -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Three Types of the QBO-Cycle Evolution SCENARIOS -- 3.1.1. 24-Month Scenarios -- 3.1.2. 30-Month Scenarios -- 3.1.3. 36-Month Scenarios -- 3.2. Seasonal Regularities of the QBO Cycle Evolution -- 3.3. The Relation of QBO Phases Duration to the Solar UV Irradiance -- 3.4. Prediction of the QBO Cycle Length -- 3.5. Antarctic Ozone "Hole" and Seasonal Regularities of QBO-Cycle -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 12OZONE/ACTIVATED CARBON: A NEW ADVANCEDOXIDATION PROCESS TO REMOVEPOLLUTANTS FROM WATER -- Abstract -- Objective -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 2.1. Materials -- 2.2. Ozonation Experiments -- 2.3. Adsorption Experiments -- 2.4. Pretreatment of Activated Carbon -- 2.5. Preparation of Activated Carbons from Petroleum Coke. ; 2.6. Preparation of Nitrogen Enriched Activated Carbons -- 2.7. Preparation of Metal Doped Carbon Aerogels -- 2.8. Activated Carbon Characterization -- 2.9. Analytical Methods -- 2.10. Bacillus Subtilis "Rec Assay": Test with Isogenic Strains -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Adsorption of Naphthalenesulphonic Acids on Activated Carbon -- 3.1.1. Adsorption in Static Conditions -- 3.1.2. Adsorption in Dynamic Regime -- 3.2. Ozonation of Naphthalenesulphonic Acids -- 3.2.1. Determination of Both Stoichiometry and Mechanism of Reaction -- 3.2.2. Kinetic Parameters of Naphthalenesulphonic Acids Ozonization -- 3.2.3. Evolution of TOC and Genotoxicity during Ozone Treatment ofNaphthalenesulphonic Acids -- 3.3. Ozonation of Naphthalenesulphonic Acids in Presence of ActivatedCarbon -- 3.3.1. Influence of Chemical and Textural Characteristics of Activated Carbon onthe NTS Oxidation Rate: Mechanism Involved -- 3.3.2. NTS Ozonation in Presence of Different Commercial Activated Carbons.Kinetic Study -- 3.3.3. Ozonation of Micropollutants in Presence of Activated Carbon. Influence ofOperational Parameters -- 3.3.3.1. Influence of Ozone Dose -- 3.3.3.2. Influence of Activated Carbon Dose -- 3.3.3.3. Influence of Activated Carbon Pre-ozonation on Ozone Transformation -- 3.3.4. Activated Carbons Prepared in Our Laboratory to Enhance OzoneDecomposition into HO· -- 3.3.4.1. Activated Carbons from Petroleum Coke -- 3.3.4.2. Activated Carbons Enriched in Basic Superficial Groups -- 3.3.4.3. Metal Doped Carbon Aerogels -- 3.3.5. Evolution of Both TOC and the Genotoxicity of Naphthalenesulphonic Acidsduring Ozone/Activated Carbon Treatment -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- INDEX -- Blank Page.
• Sommario/riassunto: Ground-level ozone is an air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals. Ozone in the upper atmosphere filters potentially damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth's surface. It is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth's atmosphere. It has many industrial and consumer applications.This new book presents the latest research in the field from around the globe.
• Titolo autorizzato: Ozone depletion, chemistry and impacts
• ISBN: 1-61470-573-9
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910960744403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II