Metabolic Syndrome : A Comprehensive Textbook

• Autore: Ahima Rexford S
• Pubblicazione: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing AG, , 2024; ©2023
• Edizione: 2nd ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (813 pages)
• Disciplina: 616.398
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Editor -- Contributors -- Part I: Epidemiology -- 1 Overview of Metabolic Syndrome -- References -- 2 Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in the United States -- Introduction -- Epidemiology of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in the United States -- Historical Trends in Obesity -- Current Obesity Burden -- Trends in Metabolic Syndrome -- Sociodemographic/Geographic Correlates -- Race/Ethnic Differences -- Environmental/Behavioral Factors -- Behavioral Factors -- Socioeconomic Factors -- Childhood Obesity -- Health Implications and Diseases Associated with Rising Obesity Trends -- Obesity Management -- Lifestyle Modification -- Motivational Interviewing -- Pharmacotherapy for Obesity -- Bariatric Surgery -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Latin America -- Introduction -- Characteristics and Metabolic Risk Factors in the Latin American Population -- Epidemiology of Obesity -- Obesity Trends in Latin American Children and Adolescents -- Epidemiology of Metabolic Syndrome -- Metabolic Syndrome Components -- Obesity -- Impaired Fasting Glucose, Glucose Intolerance, Prediabetes, and Diabetes -- Dyslipidemia -- Hypertension -- Regional Strategies Implemented and in Development -- Taxes on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) -- Front of Package Labels -- Food Marketing -- School Food Environment -- Physical Activity Interventions -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 Obesity in Africa: A Silent Public Health Crisis -- Introduction -- Measurement of Overweight and Obesity -- Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Africa -- Determinants of Obesity -- Urban and Rural Differences in Overweight and Obesity -- Sociodemographic Factors and Obesity -- Socioeconomic Status and Obesity. ; Regional Differences and Overweight prevalence -- Perceptions of Body Size and Obesity -- Lifestyle Factors and Overweight and Obesity -- Relationship Between Overweight and Obesity, and CVD and Diabetes in Africa -- Obesity Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Promotion of Physical Activity -- Nutrition and Diet-Related Policies -- Fiscal Policies to Promote Healthy Diets -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Obesity in Middle East -- Introduction -- Evidence on Obesity in the Middle East and North Africa Region -- Evidence from Official Sources -- Evidence from the Literature -- Low-Income Countries -- Lower-Middle-Income Countries -- Upper-Middle-Income Countries -- High-Income Countries -- Child Obesity in the Middle East and North Africa Region - Most Recent Evidence from the Literature -- Child Obesity -- Correlates of Child Obesity -- Correlates of Obesity in Middle East and North Africa Region -- Gender -- Age -- Income and Socioeconomic Class -- Education -- Exercise/Activity -- Nutrition -- Fat Intake -- Fiber Intake -- Urbanization -- Obesity-Related Noncommunicable Diseases in the MENA Region -- Diabetes Prevalence in the MENA Region -- Evidence from Official Sources -- Evidence from the Literature -- Association between Diabetes and Excess Weight in the MENA Region -- Cardiovascular Disease and Hypertension -- Hypertension -- Evidence from Official Sources -- Evidence from the Literature -- Cardiovascular Disease -- Chronic Kidney Disease -- Cancer -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in South Asians -- Introduction -- Metabolic Syndrome Definition and Epidemiology in South Asians -- Definition -- Epidemiology -- Pathophysiology of the Metabolic Syndrome in South Asians -- Obesity and Central Adiposity -- Dyslipidemia -- Hypertension -- Hyperglycemia and Insulin Resistance in South Asians. ; Urbanization, Migration, and Acculturation -- Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome in South Asians -- Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome in South Asians -- Therapeutic Approaches for Metabolic Syndrome in South Asians -- Conclusion -- References -- 7 Obesity in East Asia -- Introduction -- Prevalence and Trends of Obesity in East Asia -- General and Abdominal Obesity in Adults -- China -- Japan -- South Korea -- Taiwan -- General Obesity in Children -- Metabolic Health and Obesity in East Asia -- Epidemiological and Clinical Implications of the MONW Phenotype -- Epidemiological and Clinical Implications of the MHO Phenotype -- Conclusions -- References -- Part II: Genetic Factors -- 8 Evolution of Obesity -- Introduction -- Why Do Animals and Humans Have Adipose Tissue? -- Why Do We Get Obese? -- Adaptive Interpretations of Obesity -- The Neutral Viewpoint -- The Maladaptive Scenario -- Conclusion -- Cross-References -- References -- 9 Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes -- Introduction -- Candidate Gene and Family-Based Studies -- Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) -- T2D Risk Prediction -- Sequencing Efforts: Missense Variants -- GWAS Outcomes for Obesity -- Functional Follow-Up of GWAS-Implicated Loci -- Causal Variant -- Causal Tissue -- TCF7L2 -- Pancreatic Islet -- Liver -- Gastrointestinal Tract -- Adipose Tissue -- Connection to Cancer -- FTO -- Causal Gene -- Genetics of Early Life: Implications for T2D in Later Life -- LADA: A Major Confounder in Genetic Studies of T2D -- Conclusion -- References -- 10 Genetics of Lipid Disorders -- Introduction -- Genetics of HDL-C -- Variation in Genes Involved in HDL-C Synthesis and Metabolism -- Variation in Genes Involved in HDL-C Transport and Binding -- Variation in Genes Involved in Cell Proliferation, Inflammation, and Related Pathways. ; Genetic Variants Associated with HDL-C Identified Through GWAS -- Genetics of LDL-C -- Genetic Variation in Enzymes, Receptors and Transporters, and LDL-C -- Genetic Variation in Lipoproteins and LDL-C -- Genetic Variation in Proteases and LDL-C Levels -- Genetic Variation in Inflammatory and Immune Systems and LDL-C -- GWAS, Exome Sequencing, and LDL-C -- Genetics of Triglycerides (TG) -- Genetic Variation in Apolipoproteins and TG -- Genetic Variation in Enzymes and Transcription Factors and TG -- Genetic Variation in Storage and Inflammatory and Immune Systems and TG -- GWAS and TG -- Genetics of Dyslipidemia -- Genetics of Dyslipidemia Using More Complex Modeling Approaches -- Genetics of Dyslipidemia Using Genetic Risk Scores -- Genetics of Dyslipidemia Using Multi-Locus Burden and Dimension Reduction Methods -- Genetics of Dyslipidemia and MetSyn Using Causal Modeling and Pathway Approaches -- Pharmacogenomics for Dyslipidemia and MetSyn -- Cross-References -- References -- Part III: Environmental Factors -- 11 Diet and Obesity -- Introduction -- Popular Diets in the Lay Literature -- The Weight Loss Equation: Is Math Really That Simple? -- Factors Affecting Weight Loss -- Genetic Factors -- Physical Activity -- Insulin -- Hormones -- Food Supply -- Gut Microbiome -- Intermittent Fasting as a Tool to Change Metabolism -- Dietary Macronutrients -- Low-Carbohydrate and Ketogenic Diets: Metabolic Rationale -- Low-Fat and Very Low-Fat Diets: Metabolic Rationale -- The Mediterranean Diet: Rationale and Effects -- Randomized Controlled Dietary Interventional Trials with Different Diets -- Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses -- Effects of Diet on Body Composition -- Conclusion -- References -- 12 The Built Environment and Metabolic Syndrome -- Introduction -- The Food Environment -- The Physical Activity Environment -- Combined Exposures. ; Methodological Notes -- Conclusion and Implications for Practice -- References -- 13 Social and Community Networks and Obesity -- Introduction -- Overview of Social and Community Networks -- Social Network Modeling -- Network Analysis in Epidemiology -- Mathematical Aspects of the Network Modeling -- The Obesity Transition Rule -- The Notion of Centrality in the Contagion Network -- Application to the Spread of Obesity -- Obesity Factors for Network Simulation for Public Health Policies and Prevention -- Environmental Factors -- Physical Factors -- Social Factors -- Social Network Analysis -- Psychological and Behavioral Factors -- Biological Factors -- Network Simulations -- Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Pathophysiology -- 14 Principles of Energy Homeostasis -- Introduction -- Energy Intake -- Energy Expenditure -- Measurement of Energy Expenditure -- Energy Partitioning -- Hormones Mediating Energy Homeostasis -- Brown Adipose Thermogenesis -- Muscle Thermogenesis -- Energy Dysregulation in Obesity -- Conclusions -- Cross-References -- References -- 15 Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Metabolism in Obesity -- Introduction -- Macronutrient Intake Versus Oxidation in Obesity -- Carbohydrate Metabolism in Obesity -- Overview of Glucose Metabolism -- Glucose Uptake and Phosphorylation -- Glycolysis and Oxidation -- Glucose Storage -- Hepatic Glucose Production -- De Novo Lipogenesis -- Lipid Metabolism in Obesity -- Overview of Lipid Metabolism -- Fatty Acid Uptake -- Fatty Acid Oxidation -- Fatty Acid Turnover -- Consequences of Altered Tissue Lipid Balance in Obesity -- Protein Metabolism in Obesity -- Overview of Protein Metabolism -- Protein Turnover in Obesity -- Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAA) and Obesity -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 16 Brain Regulation of Feeding and Energy Homeostasis -- Introduction. ; Sensing Metabolic Cues: Humoral and Neural Components.
• Titolo autorizzato: Metabolic Syndrome
• ISBN: 3-031-40116-6
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910831002903321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II