ABRs and electrically evoked ABRs in children / / Kimitaka Kaga, editor

• Pubblicazione: Tokyo, Japan : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (264 pages)
• Disciplina: 152.15
• Soggetto topico: Auditory perception; Brain stem - Diseases; Hearing disorders; Trastorns auditius; Malalties cerebrals; Tronc de l'encèfal; Percepció auditiva; Infants
• Soggetto genere / forma: Llibres electrònics
• Persona (resp. second.): KagaKimitaka
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- Part I: Introduction -- Chapter 1: History of ABR and EABR -- 1.1 Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs) -- 1.2 Electrically Auditory Brainstem Responses (EABRs) -- References -- Part II: ABRs -- Chapter 2: Origins of ABR -- 2.1 Origins of the ABR -- 2.1.1 Experiment 1: Whole Brainstem Mapping Study in the Cat -- 2.1.2 Experiment 2: Medial Geniculate Body Mapping Study in the Cat. ABR Wave P6 -- 2.2 Experiment 3: Origins of the Six Waves of the ABR Waveform in the Cat as Determined by Depth Recordings and Lesion Studies -- 2.2.1 Cochlear Nerve (Eighth Cranial Nerve): ABR Wave P1 -- 2.2.2 Cochlear Nucleus: ABR Wave P2 -- 2.2.3 Superior Olivary Complex: ABR Wave P3 -- 2.2.4 Inferior colliculus in the Midbrain: ABR Wave P4 and P5 -- 2.2.5 Medial Geniculate Body: ABR Wave P6 -- 2.2.6 Comments -- References -- Chapter 3: Gestational Development of the Human Auditory System Including the Cochlea and the Central Auditory Pathways -- 3.1 Gestational Development of Inner Ear -- 3.2 Development of the Inner Ear Hair Cells and the Ganglion Cells -- 3.2.1 Formation of the Otic Vesicle and the Development of the Inner Ear During Gestation -- 3.2.2 Differentiation of Inner Ear Hair Cells within the Organ of Corti -- 3.2.3 Differentiation of the Spiral Ganglion Cells within the Cochlea -- 3.2.4 Innervation of the Inner Ear Hair Cells -- 3.3 Development of the Central Ascending Auditory Pathway -- 3.3.1 Gestational Development of Myelination of the Human Cochlear Nerve -- 3.3.2 Development of the Rhombencephalon (Medulla Oblongata) -- 3.3.2.1 The Developmental Origin of the Cochlear Nucleus and Its Neural Proliferation -- 3.3.2.2 Migration of the Cochlear Nucleus During Fetal Development -- 3.3.2.3 Differentiation Between the Development of the Primary and Secondary Cochlear Nuclei. ; 3.3.2.4 Myelination of the Auditory Neural Substrate -- 3.4 Development of the Mesencephalon (Inferior Colliculus) -- 3.4.1 Differentiation of the Inferior Colliculus in the Midbrain -- 3.4.2 Myelination of the Inferior Colliculus -- 3.5 Development of the Diencephalon (Medial Geniculate Body) -- 3.5.1 Differentiation of the Medial Geniculate Body -- 3.5.2 Myelination of the Medial Geniculate Body -- 3.5.3 Development of the Telencephalon (the Auditory Cortex) -- 3.5.4 Neuronal Differentiation within the Auditory Cortex -- 3.5.5 Myelination of the Auditory Radiation -- 3.5.6 Cytoarchitectural and Axonal Maturation of the Human Auditory Cortex -- References -- Chapter 4: ABR Recording Technique and the Evaluation of Peripheral Hearing Loss -- 4.1 Requirements Necessary to Obtain ABR Recordings -- 4.1.1 Location (Montage) and Application of ABR Electrodes -- 4.1.2 Description of the Click Stimuli Employed to Provoke the ABR -- 4.2 ABR Wave V Peak Latency-Intensity Curves -- 4.2.1 ABRs from Normal Hearing Subjects -- 4.3 Peripheral Hearing Loss -- 4.3.1 Conductive Hearing Loss as it Effects the ABR -- 4.3.2 Sensorineural Hearing Loss as Manifest by the ABR -- 4.4 Audiogram Patterns Compared to ABR Findings -- 4.4.1 ABR Findings of Patients with a Low-Frequency Hearing Loss but with Normal High-Frequency Hearing -- 4.4.2 ABR Recordings from Each Ear of a Patient with a Typical Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (an Audiometric Concave Frequency Loss Pattern) -- 4.5 ABR Recordings from Patients with High-Frequency Hearing Loss with Otherwise Normal Hearing Thresholds, Audiometrically, at the Low and Middle Frequencies -- 4.6 Unusual ABR Findings -- 4.6.1 A "Bump" in the ABR Appearing within the Expected Latency Range of Wave I (~ 1 Msec) with no Subsequently Evoked ABR Waves -- 4.6.2 Unusual ABR Findings Wherein Only Wave I or Waves I and II Are Evoked. ; 4.6.3 The Influence of Incomplete Brainstem Maturation in Preterm Infants and the Progression of Their ABRs with Development -- References -- Chapter 5: Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders -- 5.1 The First Report of Auditory Nerve Disease and Auditory Neuropathy in 1996 -- 5.2 Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorders (ANSD) in Newborns -- 5.3 Our Classification of ANSD in Newborns, Infants, and Children -- 5.4 ANSD for Type III and Cochlear Implantation -- 5.5 Genetic Mutation -- 5.6 Adults AN and Newborns ANSD -- References -- Chapter 6: Normalization and Deterioration of Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) in Child Neurology -- 6.1 Normalization and Deterioration of ABR in Children -- 6.1.1 What Constitutes the Difference Between Normal and Abnormal ABR? -- 6.1.2 What Causes the Normalization and Deterioration of the ABR? -- 6.2 Normalization -- 6.2.1 Normal Development of the ABR -- 6.2.2 Clinical Appreciation at NICU -- 6.2.3 Improvement of Conductive Hearing Loss -- 6.2.4 ABR Changes Pre- and Post-surgical Resection of Tumors on the Brainstem or Cerebellar -- 6.2.5 Normalization of the ABR as a Result of Effective Medical Treatment -- 6.2.6 Normalization of the ABR of Unknown Etiology -- 6.2.6.1 Case Reports Showing Normalization of the ABR of Unknown Etiology -- Five Patients Without Chromosomal Abnormalities -- Nine Patients with Chromosomal Abnormalities Including Down Syndrome and ABR Improvement -- 6.2.6.2 What Could Be the Underlying Cause/Causes of Normalization of the ABR in These Patients with Chromosomal Aberration? -- 6.2.7 Recovery from Severe Anoxic Events with Normalization of the ABR -- 6.2.7.1 ABRs in Anoxia -- 6.2.7.2 Case Reports of Anoxic Patients with Unexpected ABR Recovery -- 6.2.7.3 Discussion of Anoxic Patients with Unexpected ABR Recovery. ; 6.3 Deterioration of ABR in Child Neurology: Neurological Assessment of Childhood Deterioration of the ABR -- 6.3.1 Loss or Decline of Hearing Acuity -- 6.3.1.1 Intrauterine Infections -- 6.3.1.2 Neurocutaneous Syndrome as a Category of Genetically Determined Systemic Diseases with Central Nervous System Involvement -- 6.3.1.3 Progressive Hearing Loss in NICU Patients and the Graduates from NICU -- Patients with Hearing Loss Discovered in NICUs and in NICU Graduates -- Case Presentation of Patients With or Without PPHN and Delayed Hearing Impairment -- The Cause of the Later Deterioration of Hearing in Patients -- 6.3.2 Deterioration of ABR in Degenerative Diseases -- 6.3.2.1 Slow Virus Infection -- 6.3.2.2 Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis -- 6.3.3 Leukodystrophies -- 6.3.3.1 Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) -- 6.3.3.2 Krabbe Disease, Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (GLD) -- 6.3.3.3 Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD) -- 6.3.3.4 Alexander Disease (AXD) -- 6.3.3.5 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD) -- 6.3.3.6 Leukodystrophy of Unknown Origin -- 6.3.4 Lysosomal Diseases -- 6.3.4.1 Lipidosis -- Tay-Sachs Disease -- Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD) -- Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (GLD), Krabbe Disease -- Mucopolysaccaridosis (MPS) -- Gaucher Disease -- 6.3.5 Degenerative Diseases of Cerebral Gray Matter -- 6.3.5.1 Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis -- 6.3.5.2 Nieman-Pick Disease Type C (NPC) -- 6.3.5.3 Mitochondrial Diseases -- 6.3.6 Degenerative Diseases Mainly Effecting the Cerebellum and Spinal Cord (Spinocerebellar Degeneration, SCD) -- 6.3.6.1 Dentate-Rubro-Pallido-Luysian Atrophy -- 6.3.6.2 Joubert Syndrome -- 6.3.7 Degenerative Disease of Peripheral Nervous System -- 6.3.7.1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease -- 6.3.7.2 Giant Axonal Neuropathy -- References -- Chapter 7: Hypoxic and Anoxic Brain Damage -- 7.1 Hypoxic and Anoxic Brain Damage in Infants and Children. ; 7.2 Hypoxic Brain Damage in Near-Suffocation (Hypoxic) Group -- 7.3 Brain Damage in the Near-Drowning (Anoxic) Group -- 7.4 Pathophysiology of Hypoxic and Anoxic Brain Damage Due to Near-Suffocation and Near-Drowning Accidents -- 7.5 Effects of Deep Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest on the ABR and the EEG Undergoing Cardiac Surgery -- 7.6 ABRs from the Cat During Artificial Respiratory Arrest and Restoration -- References -- Chapter 8: Only Wave I, II of the ABR with Residual Hearing Acuity -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease -- 8.3 Adrenoleukodystrophy -- 8.4 Metabolic Disease -- 8.4.1 Gaucher's Disease -- 8.4.2 Tay-Sachs Disease -- 8.4.2.1 Case Report -- 8.5 Brainstem Tumor -- 8.5.1 Case Report -- References -- Chapter 9: Auditory Agnosia and Later Cortical Deafness in a Child over 29 Years Follow-Up -- 9.1 Bilateral Auditory Cortex Lesions and Hearing -- 9.2 Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of a Pediatric Patient over 29 Years Who Manifested Auditory Agnosia and Later Cortical Deafness Caused by Herpes Encephalitis -- 9.3 Schema of the Auditory Cortex or the Auditory Radiation Lesions in Auditory Agnosia and Cortical Deafness -- 9.4 Cortical Deafness Following Auditory Agnosia -- References -- Part III: Electrically Evoked ABRs (EABRs) -- Chapter 10: Electrically Evoked Auditory Brainstem Responses (EABRs), Recording Techniques, Normal (Control) and Abnormal Waveforms of the EABR -- 10.1 Two Types of EABRs Recordings for Patient -- 10.2 EABR Recording Protocol -- 10.2.1 Montage of Skin Needle Electrodes for Recording EABRs -- 10.2.2 Electrical Stimulation from Intracochlear Electrodes -- 10.2.3 Recording Conditions -- 10.3 Measurement of the Amplitudes and Latencies of eIII and eV -- 10.4 Typical Waveform of the EABR in Control (Normal) Subjects. ; 10.4.1 EABRs Waveforms Recorded from Each of the Twelve Intracochlear Electrodes of an Intracochlear Implant.
• Sommario/riassunto: A comprehensive review of the science relating to the development of the auditory system, this book discusses developmental stages such as the threshold changes in auditory brainstem responses. It reviews pediatric auditory disorders and covers new advances.
• Titolo autorizzato: ABRs and electrically evoked ABRs in children
• ISBN: 9784431541899; 9784431541882
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910624376603321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Modern otology and neurotology.