Unconventional water resources / / Manzoor Qadir [and three others]

• Pubblicazione: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer International Publishing, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (305 pages)
• Disciplina: 333.9114
• Soggetto topico: Water resources development - Environmental aspects; Water-supply - Management
• Persona (resp. second.): QadirM (Manzoor)
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Part I Setting the Scene -- 1 Global Water Scarcity and Unconventional Water Resources -- 1.1 Water Scarcity: Evolution of Concepts -- 1.2 Water-Scarcity Trends -- 1.3 Responding to Water Scarcity with Unconventional Water Resources -- 1.4 Unconventional Water Resources and Water-Related SDGs -- 1.5 Key Features of the Book -- References -- Part II Harvesting Water from Air and on the Ground -- 2 Rain Enhancement Through Cloud Seeding -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 History -- 2.3 Status -- 2.4 Technological Interventions -- 2.4.1 Seeding Materials -- 2.4.2 Transport and Dispersion -- 2.4.3 Seeding Strategies -- 2.4.4 Seeding Operation -- 2.4.5 Response and Impacts of Cloud Seeding -- 2.5 Could-Seeding Conditions -- 2.6 Economics -- 2.7 Redistribution and "Negative Enhancement" of Precipitation -- 2.8 Environmental Issues -- 2.9 Planning Rain Enhancement Projects -- 2.10 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Fog Harvesting -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 History -- 3.3 Technological Interventions -- 3.3.1 Testing Feasibility: Standard Fog Collectors -- 3.3.2 Operating Projects: Large Fog Collectors -- 3.3.3 Considering Efficiency: The CloudFisher -- 3.3.4 Exploring Designs: Alternative Collectors -- 3.4 Status -- 3.5 Major Barriers and Response Options -- 3.6 Conclusions -- References -- 4 Micro-catchment Rainwater Harvesting -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Types and Uses of MIWH -- 4.2.1 Household Systems -- 4.2.2 Farm and Landscape Systems -- 4.3 Applications in Dry Environments -- 4.3.1 Contour Ridges/bunds for the Restoration of Degraded Rangelands -- 4.3.2 Management of Small Water Harvesting Reservoirs -- 4.4 Challenges and Potential Response Options -- 4.4.1 Climate Uncertainties and Storage Cost -- 4.4.2 Modernization and Technical Capacity -- 4.4.3 Upstream-Downstream Conflicts. ; 4.4.4 Payment for Environmental Services -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- Part III Tapping Offshore and Onshore Deep Groundwater -- 5 Offshore Freshened Groundwater in Continental Shelf Environments -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 History of Offshore Freshened Groundwater Discovery and Utilization -- 5.3 Occurrence, Distribution, and Volume Estimates of Offshore Freshened Groundwater -- 5.4 Comparison with Onshore Fresh and Brackish Water Resources -- 5.5 Mechanisms of Emplacement -- 5.6 Recent Developments in Offshore Freshened Groundwater Exploration -- 5.7 Development of Offshore Freshened Groundwater -- 5.8 Discussion -- 5.9 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Continental Brackish Groundwater Resources -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Occurrence and Volume Estimates -- 6.3 Geochemistry -- 6.4 Timing and Mechanisms of Brackish Water Emplacement -- 6.5 Geophysical Exploration Methods for Brackish Water Resources -- 6.6 Discussion -- 6.7 Conclusions -- References -- Part IV Reusing Used Water -- 7 Municipal Wastewater -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Technological Interventions -- 7.3 History -- 7.4 Status -- 7.5 Major Barriers and Response Options -- 7.5.1 Major Barriers -- 7.5.2 Response Options -- 7.6 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Agricultural Subsurface Drainage Water -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Technological Interventions -- 8.2.1 Design Basics of Drainage Water Reuse -- 8.2.2 Irrigation Strategies for Reuse of Saline Drainage Water -- 8.3 Historical Perspective: Drainage Water Reuse Studies and Farmer Practices -- 8.3.1 Research Studies Conducted in the San Joaquin Valley of California -- 8.3.2 Tree Crops -- 8.3.3 Research Results with Salt-Tolerant Forages -- 8.3.4 Research Results with Drainage Water on Halophytes -- 8.3.5 Farmer Experiences with Use of Saline Waters Worldwide -- 8.4 Design Capabilities of Transient State Models. ; 8.5 Monitoring Methodology for Use of Saline Drainage Waters -- 8.6 Drainage Water Reuse and Disposal Issues: Major Barriers and Responses by Stakeholders -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- Part V Moving Water Physically -- 9 Water Transportation via Icebergs Towing -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Technological Interventions -- 9.3 History -- 9.4 Research Status -- 9.5 Trade-offs -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- 10 Ballast Water -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Technological Interventions -- 10.2.1 Ballast Water Isolation -- 10.2.2 Ballast Water Exchange -- 10.2.3 Ballast Water Treatment Methods -- 10.3 History -- 10.3.1 Development -- 10.3.2 Progress -- 10.4 State-of-the-Art -- 10.4.1 Onboard Treatment -- 10.4.2 Onshore Treatment Facilities -- 10.5 Major Barriers and Response Options -- 10.6 Conclusions -- References -- Part VI Developing New Water -- 11 Desalinated Water -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Technological Interventions -- 11.2.1 Thermal Desalination -- 11.2.2 Membrane Desalination -- 11.2.3 Comparison of Alternative Desalination Technologies -- 11.3 History -- 11.4 Status -- 11.5 Major Barriers and Response Options -- 11.5.1 Cost of Water Production -- 11.5.2 Power Use -- 11.5.3 Concentrate Management -- 11.5.4 Institutional Challenges -- 11.6 Conclusions -- References -- Part VII Promoting the Enabling Environment -- 12 Governance of Unconventional Water Resources -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.1.1 What is Governance? -- 12.1.2 The Role of sovereignty -- 12.2 Overall Principles to Guide the Development of UWRs -- 12.2.1 Good neighborliness and no Significant Harm -- 12.2.2 Protection of the environment and the precautionary approach -- 12.2.3 The equitable and reasonable use principle and intergenerational equity -- 12.3 Sovereign Rights and UWR -- 12.3.1 Harvesting water from the atmosphere -- 12.3.2 Deep groundwater -- 12.3.3 Reusing water. ; 12.3.4 Moving water physically -- 12.3.5 Desalinated water -- 12.4 Developing a Domestic Governance Regime -- 12.5 Conclusion -- References -- 13 Economics and Innovative Financing Mechanisms in a Circular Economy -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Market Opportunities for Water Reuse in the Circular Economy -- 13.2.1 Who Pays for Water Reuse? -- 13.3 Environmental Benefits and Non-action Cost in Water Reuse -- 13.3.1 Monetary Valuation of Non-action Cost -- 13.4 Economic Incentives to Promote Water Reuse -- 13.5 Conclusions -- References -- 14 The Future of Unconventional Water Resources -- References.
• Titolo autorizzato: Unconventional Water Resources
• ISBN: 3-030-90146-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910574042203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II