Blue economy : an ocean science perspective / / Edward R. Urban Jr. and Venugopalan Ittekkot, editors

• Pubblicazione: Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (548 pages)
• Disciplina: 333.9164
• Soggetto topico: Marine resources - Management; Marine resources conservation; Marine resources - Economic aspects
• Persona (resp. second.): UrbanEdward R.; IttekkotVenugopalan
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Introduction -- Contents -- Acronyms -- 1 Blue Economy and Ocean Science: Introduction -- 1.1 Context -- 1.2 Blue Economy -- 1.2.1 Definition -- 1.2.2 Blue Economy Components and Industries -- 1.2.3 Blue Economy and General Limitations -- 1.2.4 Measuring Performance of Blue Economy -- 1.2.5 Science and Technology for Sustainable Blue Economy -- 1.3 Ocean Services and Products, Threats from Human Activities -- 1.3.1 Services Provided by the Ocean -- 1.3.2 Products from the Ocean -- 1.3.3 Human Impacts on the Ocean -- 1.4 The Role of Science in Blue Economies -- 1.5 Goals of the Book -- References -- 2 Coral Reefs and Blue Economy -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Structure, Taxonomy -- 2.2.1 Classification of Coral Reefs -- 2.2.2 Taxonomy of Reef Building Corals -- 2.3 Global Distribution and Status -- 2.4 Ecosystem Services -- 2.4.1 Biodiversity -- 2.4.2 Coastal Protection -- 2.4.3 Blue Carbon -- 2.5 Blue Economic Sectors -- 2.5.1 Tourism -- 2.5.2 Fisheries -- 2.5.3 Marine Biotechnology -- 2.6 Threats and Their Impacts -- 2.6.1 Coral Bleaching -- 2.6.2 Coral Diseases -- 2.6.3 Ocean Acidification -- 2.7 Importance of Global Observing Systems for Coral Reefs -- 2.7.1 The Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN) -- 2.8 Science and Technology Measures -- 2.8.1 Research on Coral Symbiosis and Coral Bleaching -- 2.8.2 Coral Reef Microbiology -- 2.8.3 Modelling and Monitoring for Threat Alert Systems -- 2.8.4 Coral Ecosystem Restoration and Conservation Tools -- 2.9 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Mangroves and Seagrasses -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Role in the Blue Economy -- 3.2.1 Blue Carbon -- 3.2.2 Fisheries (See Also Chap. 4) -- 3.2.3 Tourism (See Also Chap. 6) -- 3.2.4 Blue Biotechnology -- 3.3 Threats -- 3.3.1 Mangroves -- 3.3.2 Seagrasses -- 3.4 Outlook and Potential Challenges -- 3.4.1 Mapping -- 3.4.2 Conservation. ; 3.4.3 Awareness (Perceptions) and Citizen Science -- 3.4.4 Marine Protected Area and Legislation -- 3.4.5 Valuation -- 3.5 Summary -- References -- 4 Coastal Fisheries -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Fishing Over Time -- 4.3 World Fisheries -- 4.3.1 Coastal Fisheries Capture Evolution by Country Economic Class -- 4.3.2 Global Fishing Fleets and Employment -- 4.3.3 Fish Utilization and Consumption -- 4.3.4 Fisheries Subsidies -- 4.3.5 The Modern Cycle of Fisheries Development (An Example) -- 4.4 Fishery Science and Technology -- 4.4.1 The Effects of Fishing -- 4.4.2 Bycatch and Discards -- 4.4.3 Ghost Fishing and Marine Litter -- 4.4.4 Seafood Fraud -- 4.5 Fisheries Management -- 4.5.1 Importance of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) -- 4.5.2 Climate Change and Fisheries (See also Chap. 12) -- 4.5.3 The Importance of Fisheries Associations and International Cooperation -- 4.6 Fisheries and the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) -- 4.6.1 Fisheries Related Targets of SDG 14-Life Below Water -- 4.7 Fisheries and the Governance of the Blue Economy -- References -- 5 Effects of Groundwater Extraction and River Regulation on Coastal Freshwater Resources -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Coastal Freshwater Resources -- 5.2.1 Climate Control of Groundwater Resources -- 5.2.2 Coastal Groundwater Resources in China -- 5.3 Problems Encountered and the Science and Technology for Their Monitoring and Mitigation -- 5.3.1 Environmental Issues Relating to Groundwater Extraction -- 5.3.2 Saltwater Intrusion, Engineering Measures and Downstream Impacts -- 5.3.3 Human Impacts on Water Resources in the Coastal Zone -- 5.3.4 Human Regulation Impacts on River-Estuary-Aquifer Biogeochemistry -- 5.3.5 Submarine Groundwater Discharge Fuels HABs -- 5.4 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- 6 Marine Tourism and the Blue Economy: Perspectives from the Mascarene and Pacific Islands. ; 6.1 Introduction-Tourism and the Blue Economy -- 6.2 Mauritius -- 6.2.1 Tourism Revenue -- 6.2.2 Regulatory Frameworks -- 6.2.3 Tourism Impacts and Mitigation -- 6.3 Pacific Islands Countries and Territories -- 6.3.1 Tourism Revenue -- 6.3.2 Economic Value of Marine Tourism in PICTs -- 6.3.3 Regulatory Frameworks -- 6.3.4 Tourism Impacts and Mitigation -- 6.4 Discussion -- References -- 7 Energy Transition to the Blue Economy: The Role of Science and Technology -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Global O& -- G Distribution, Supply and Demand -- 7.3 Net-Zero Carbon and Energy Options -- 7.3.1 Ocean Energy -- 7.3.2 Offshore Wind Energy -- 7.3.3 Floating Solar Photovoltaic Energy -- 7.4 Role of O& -- G in a Transition Economy -- 7.5 Challenges and Environmental Risks of Offshore O& -- G Production -- 7.6 S& -- T for Sustainable O& -- G Offshore Production -- 7.6.1 Role of EOR and CCUS -- 7.6.2 Case Studies: Brazil and Norway -- 7.7 Lessons Learned -- 7.8 Final Remarks -- References -- 8 Coastal and Nearshore Minerals: Blue Economy Potential and Prospects -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Placer Minerals -- 8.2.1 Types of Placer Minerals -- 8.2.2 Global Distribution of Placer Deposits -- 8.3 Offshore Diamond Mining -- 8.4 Offshore Phosphorite Mining -- 8.4.1 Phosphorus and the Modern Food System -- 8.4.2 Phosphate Rock Formation and Distribution -- 8.4.3 Future of Land-Based Phosphate Mining -- 8.4.4 Offshore Mining of Phosphorus-The Needs, Challenges, and Opportunities -- 8.4.5 Marine Phosphate Mining and Environmental Impacts -- 8.5 Legal Frameworks Governing Mining -- 8.6 Environmental and Social Impact of Marine Mining -- 8.7 Regional and National Approaches -- 8.8 Challenges and Science and Technology Response Options -- 8.8.1 Exploration for Minerals -- 8.8.2 Mitigation of Mining Impacts -- 8.9 Summary -- References -- 9 Coastal Pollution. ; 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Coastal Eutrophication -- 9.2.1 Global Patterns and Trends -- 9.2.2 Patterns in Developing Countries -- 9.2.3 Impacts of Eutrophication -- 9.3 Heavy Metal Pollution -- 9.3.1 Global Patterns -- 9.3.2 Patterns in Developing Countries -- 9.3.3 Impacts of Heavy Metals on Coastal Ecosystems -- 9.4 Oil Spills -- 9.4.1 Global Patterns -- 9.4.2 Pattern in Developing Countries -- 9.4.3 Impacts of Oil Spills -- 9.5 Plastics Pollution -- 9.5.1 Global Patterns -- 9.5.2 Patterns in Developing Countries -- 9.5.3 Impacts of Plastics Pollution -- 9.6 Radionuclide Pollution -- 9.6.1 Global Patterns -- 9.6.2 Patterns in Developing Countries -- 9.6.3 Impacts of Radionuclide Pollution -- 9.7 Mitigations Against Coastal Pollution -- 9.8 Cases of Coastal Pollution in Developing Countries -- 9.8.1 The Pearl River Delta in China -- 9.8.2 The iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area in South Africa -- 9.8.3 India -- 9.8.4 Thailand -- 9.9 Knowledge and Capacity-Building Gaps -- 9.10 Implications for Blue Economy -- References -- 10 Harmful Algae -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Impacts of HABs on the Blue Economy: Case Studies -- 10.2.1 Chilean Fjords -- 10.2.2 Ostreopsis spp. in the Mediterranean Sea -- 10.2.3 Northeast Atlantic Ocean -- 10.2.4 Ciguatera in the Caribbean and French Polynesia -- 10.2.5 PSP Outbreaks and Fish Kills in the Philippines -- 10.3 Role of Science and Technology in Facing HAB-Related Challenges -- 10.3.1 Increasing Diversity of HAB Species -- 10.3.2 Toxin Detection -- 10.3.3 Observing Systems -- 10.4 Concluding Remarks and Perspectives -- References -- 11 Ocean Acidification and Blue Economies -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Causes of Ocean Acidification -- 11.2.1 Ocean Acidification in the Geological Record -- 11.2.2 Ocean Acidification Since the Industrial Revolution: Observations and Predictions. ; 11.3 Impact of Ocean Acidification on Ocean Ecosystems and Their Products and Services -- 11.4 Relevance to Blue Economic Sectors -- 11.4.1 Impacts of Ocean Acidification on Blue Economies -- 11.5 Outreach and Networks -- 11.6 Science to Address Ocean Acidification Impacts on Blue Economy Resources -- 11.6.1 Observations -- 11.6.2 Research -- References -- 12 Climate Change and Coastal Systems -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Climate Change Related Stresses in the Coastal Zone -- 12.2.1 Ocean Warming -- 12.2.2 Global Mean Sea Level Rise -- 12.2.3 Storms, Storm Surges and Waves -- 12.2.4 Heavy Precipitation Events and Flooding -- 12.2.5 Acidification -- 12.2.6 Deoxygenation -- 12.3 Impact of Climate Change -- 12.3.1 Geophysical Impacts -- 12.3.2 Ecosystem Impacts -- 12.4 Risks and Impacts on Coastal Resources and Blue Economy -- 12.4.1 Risks and Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Resources -- 12.4.2 Risks and Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Economies -- 12.5 Management and Mitigation -- 12.5.1 Coastal Observation: Enabling Resilient and Sustainable Blue Economies -- 12.5.2 Effective Early Warning Systems -- 12.5.3 Flood Management -- 12.5.4 Ecosystem-Based Solution -- 12.5.5 Marine Spatial Planning -- 12.5.6 Hard Engineering Solutions -- 12.6 Summary and Outlook -- References -- 13 Constructing a Blue Economy Architecture for Small Islands -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Ocean Potential and Small Islands -- 13.2.1 Fisheries (See Also Chap. 4) -- 13.2.2 Blue Carbon (See Also Chap. 3) -- 13.2.3 Mineral Resources (See Also Chap. 8) -- 13.2.4 Energy (See Also Chap. 7) -- 13.2.5 Tourism (See Also Chap. 6) -- 13.2.6 Maritime Transport -- 13.2.7 Biotechnology (See Also Chap. 3) -- 13.3 Threats to Small Islands -- 13.3.1 Climate Change Impacts (See Also Chap. 12) -- 13.3.2 Anthropogenic Activities -- 13.4 An STI Roadmap to Establish the Blue Economy. ; 13.4.1 Planning and Prioritization.
• Titolo autorizzato: Blue economy
• ISBN: 981-19-5065-2
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910619270703321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II