Accounting and finance for business / / Geoff Black and Mahmoud Al-kilani

• Autore: Black Geoff
• Pubblicazione: Harlow, England : , : Pearson, , 2013
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (518 pages)
• Disciplina: 658.15
• Soggetto topico: Business enterprises - Finance; Managerial accounting
• Altri autori: Al-kilaniMahmoud
• Note generali: Includes index.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Guided tour -- Acknowledgements -- 1 The background to accounting -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 What is accounting? -- 1.3 Who uses accounting? -- 1.4 Financial accounting and management accounting -- 1.5 Accounting assumptions and characteristics -- 1.5.1 Underlying Assumption 1: The accrual basis -- 1.5.2 Underlying Assumption 2: Going concern -- 1.5.3 Fundamental QC 1: Relevance -- 1.5.4 Fundamental QC 2: Faithful representation -- 1.5.5 Enhancing QC 1: Comparability -- 1.5.6 Enhancing QC 2: Verifiability -- 1.5.7 Enhancing QC 3: Timeliness -- 1.5.8 Enhancing QC 4: Understandability -- 1.6 Assets, liabilities and equity -- 1.6.1 Assets -- 1.6.2 Liabilities -- 1.6.3 Equity -- 1.7 The accounting equation -- 1.7.1 How does the value of equity change? -- 1.8 Alternative terminology -- 1.9 Summary -- 1.10 Chapter glossary -- 2 Processing financial data -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The dual aspect of transactions -- 2.3 How the system works -- 2.4 Checking the maths -- 2.5 Optimising the system -- 2.5.1 The cash book -- 2.5.2 The petty cash book -- 2.5.3 Analysed cash books and petty cash books -- 2.5.4 Day books -- 2.5.5 The journal -- 2.6 Computerised accounting systems -- 2.7 Summary -- 2.8 Chapter glossary -- 3 Adjusting and summarising data -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Financial periods -- 3.3 Accounting adjustments -- 3.3.1 Inventory adjustments -- 3.3.2 Accruals -- 3.3.3 Prepayments -- 3.3.4 Depreciation -- 3.4 Basics of the financial summaries -- 3.4.1 The income statement -- 3.4.2 The statement of financial position -- 3.5 Summary -- 3.6 Chapter glossary -- 4 The income statement and statement of financial position -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The income statement -- 4.2.1 Format of the income statement -- 4.2.2 Manufacturing businesses -- 4.2.3 Trading businesses -- 4.2.4 Service businesses. ; 4.3 Income statements of partnerships and limited companies -- 4.4 The statement of financial position -- 4.5 Published income statements and statements of financial position -- 4.6 Preparing the summaries from accounting data -- 4.7 Summary -- 4.8 Chapter glossary -- 5 Further aspects of assets and liabilities -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Sales of non-current assets -- 5.3 Inventory valuation -- 5.3.1 The importance of the valuation -- 5.3.2 FIFO and AVCO -- 5.4 Bad and doubtful debts -- 5.4.1 Bad debts -- 5.4.2 Doubtful debts -- 5.5 Current and non-current liabilities -- 5.6 Summary -- 5.7 Chapter glossary -- Revision of Chapters 1-5 -- 6 Limited liability companies and other types of business organisation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Sole proprietorships -- 6.3 Partnerships -- 6.3.1 Accounting requirements of partnerships -- 6.3.2 Partnership accounts -- 6.3.3 Partnership income statements -- 6.3.4 Partnership statement of financial position -- 6.3.5 Limited liability partnerships -- 6.4 Limited liability companies -- 6.4.1 Accounting specifically for limited companies -- 6.4.2 Share capital and reserves -- 6.4.3 Changes to share capital -- 6.5 Sources of finance -- 6.5.1 Long-term sources of finance: share sales -- 6.5.2 Long-term sources of finance: loans -- 6.5.3 Long-term sources of finance: finance leases -- 6.5.4 Short-term sources of finance: bank overdrafts -- 6.5.5 Short-term sources of finance: debt factoring and invoice discounting -- 6.5.6 Internal sources of finance -- 6.6 Published financial summaries -- 6.7 Groups of companies -- 6.8 Summary -- 6.9 Chapter glossary -- 7 Cash flow statements -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Cash flows and working capital -- 7.3 The cash flow statement -- 7.4 Summary -- 7.5 Chapter glossary -- 8 Analysing company reports -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Data for analysis -- 8.3 The first stage: preliminary research. ; 8.4 The second stage: horizontal and vertical analysis -- 8.4.1 Interpreting the analysis -- 8.5 The third stage: ratio analysis -- 8.5.1 Profitability ratios -- 8.5.2 Efficiency ratios -- 8.5.3 Short-term solvency and liquidity ratios -- 8.5.4 Long-term solvency and liquidity ratios -- 8.5.5 Investment ratios -- 8.6 The validity of the financial statements -- 8.7 Summary -- 8.8 Chapter glossary -- Revision of Chapters 6-8 -- 9 Management accounting -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Defining management accounting -- 9.3 The classification of costs -- 9.3.1 Analysis by function -- 9.3.2 Analysis by type -- 9.3.3 Analysis by behaviour -- 9.3.4 Analysis by time -- 9.4 Summary -- 9.5 Chapter glossary -- 10 Absorption costing and marginal costing -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Absorption costing -- 10.2.1 Stage 1: Allocation of costs to cost centres -- 10.2.2 Stage 2: Apportionment of overheads -- 10.2.3 Stage 3: Reapportionment of overheads -- 10.2.4 Stage 4: Absorption of production centre costs into products -- 10.3 Advantages and disadvantages of absorption costing -- 10.4 Activity-based costing (ABC) -- 10.5 Absorption costing and activity-based costing compared -- 10.6 Marginal costing -- 10.7 Using the contribution for 'what-if' calculations -- 10.8 Product costing -- 10.9 Specific order costing -- 10.9.1 Job costing -- 10.9.2 Quotations and job cost sheets -- 10.9.3 Batch costing -- 10.9.4 Contract costing -- 10.10 Operation costing -- 10.10.1 Process costing -- 10.10.2 Service costing -- 10.11 Summary -- 10.12 Chapter glossary -- 11 Standard costing -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Variances -- 11.2.1 Setting standards -- 11.3 Direct material variances -- 11.4 Direct labour variances -- 11.5 Overhead variances -- 11.5.1 Variable overhead variances -- 11.5.2 Fixed overhead variances -- 11.6 Summary -- 11.7 Chapter glossary. ; 12 Break-even and cost-volume-profit analysis -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Break-even charts -- 12.2.1 A combination of graphs -- 12.2.2 Interpreting the chart -- 12.2.3 Changes in costs and revenue -- 12.2.4 Limitations of break-even charts -- 12.3 Profit/volume charts -- 12.4 Summary -- 12.5 Chapter glossary -- 13 Business planning -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Long- and short-term planning -- 13.3 Limiting factors -- 13.4 To budget or not to budget? -- 13.5 Preparing a budget -- 13.6 The cash budget -- 13.7 Master budgets -- 13.8 Flexible budgeting -- 13.9 Zero-based budgeting -- 13.10 Summary -- 13.11 Chapter glossary -- 14 Investment appraisal -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Present values and future values -- 14.2.1 From present values to future values -- 14.2.2 From future values to present values -- 14.3 Investment appraisal using discounting techniques -- 14.3.1 Discounted cash flow (DCF) -- 14.3.2 Net present value (NPV) -- 14.3.3 Internal rate of return (IRR) -- 14.3.4 Using spreadsheets to calculate NPV and IRR -- 14.4 Investment appraisal using non- discounting techniques -- 14.4.1 Payback period -- 14.4.2 Accounting rate of return (ARR) -- 14.5 Summary -- 14.6 Chapter glossary -- Revision of Chapters 9-14 -- 15 Decision-making -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 The background to decision-making -- 15.2.1 One-off decisions -- 15.2.2 Forward-looking information -- 15.2.3 Probability testing -- 15.2.4 Opportunity costs -- 15.2.5 Relevant costs -- 15.2.6 Net cash flow -- 15.2.7 Data availability -- 15.3 Cost classification -- 15.3.1 Fixed and variable costs -- 15.3.2 Relevant and non-relevant costs -- 15.3.3 Avoidable and non-avoidable costs -- 15.3.4 Sunk costs -- 15.3.5 Committed costs -- 15.3.6 Opportunity costs -- 15.4 Types of decision -- 15.4.1 Closure or shut-down decision -- 15.4.2 Make or buy decision -- 15.5 Pricing decisions. ; 15.5.1 External pricing -- 15.5.2 Internal pricing -- 15.5.3 Other internal pricing strategies -- 15.6 Special orders -- 15.7 The Balanced Scorecard -- 15.7.1 The learning and growth perspective -- 15.7.2 The business process perspective -- 15.7.3 The customer perspective -- 15.7.4 The financial perspective -- 15.8 Summary -- 15.9 Chapter glossary -- 16 Contemporary issues in finance -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 What is integrated reporting? -- 16.3 The International Integrated Reporting Framework -- 16.3.1 Key principles -- 16.4 Socially responsible investing -- 16.5 Executive pay, remuneration policy and shareholder 'democracy' -- 16.6 Accounting standards, 'fair value' and pensions -- 16.7 Credit ratings and financial implications -- 16.8 Summary -- 16.9 Chapter glossary -- 17 Environmental accounting -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 What is environmental accounting? -- 17.3 How does environmental accounting work? -- 17.4 What is environmental accounting used for? -- 17.5 Types of environmental accounting -- 17.5.1 Natural resource asset accounts -- 17.5.2 Pollution and material physical flow accounts -- 17.5.3 Monetary and hybrid accounts -- 17.5.4 Environmentally-adjusted macroeconomic aggregates -- 17.6 Problems with environmental accounting -- 17.7 Summary -- 17.8 Chapter glossary -- Appendix 1: Answers to self-check questions -- Appendix 2: Answers to self-study questions -- Appendix 3: Answers to case study questions -- Appendix 4: Answers to revision sections -- Index.
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• Titolo autorizzato: Accounting and finance for business
• ISBN: 0-273-77396-8
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910150206403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Always learning.