Review of the Hanford thyroid disease study draft final report / / Committee on an Assessment of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Radiation Studies from DOE Contractor Sites ; Subcommittee to Review the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study Final Results and Report, Board on Radiation Effects Research, Commission on Life Sciences, National Academy of Sciences

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 2000
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (228 p.)
• Disciplina: 614.5/944/00979751
• Soggetto topico: Thyroid gland - Diseases - Epidemiology - Research - Washington (State) - Methodology; Thyroid gland - Diseases - Epidemiology - Research - Oregon - Methodology; Ionizing radiation - Toxicology - Washington (State); Ionizing radiation - Toxicology - Oregon; Radiation injuries; Radiation carcinogenesis; Thyroid Diseases; Radiation Injuries; Thyroid Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced
• Soggetto geografico: Hanford Site (Wash.)
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: ""Review of the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study Draft Final Report""; ""Copyright""; ""ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS""; ""Contents""; ""Public Summary""; ""BACKGROUND""; ""DESIGN OF THE HTDS""; ""Estimated Radiation Exposures""; ""Analysis of HTDS Data""; ""Statistical Power and the HTDS Interpretation""; ""Communication of HTDS Results to the Public""; ""Concluding Remarks""; ""Executive Summary""; ""BACKGROUND""; ""EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND CLINICAL METHODS AND DATA COLLECTION""; ""Conclusions:""; ""Recommendations:""; ""DOSIMETRY""; ""Conclusions:""; ""Recommendations:""; ""STATISTICAL ANALYSES"" ; ""Conclusions:""""Recommendations:""; ""STATISTICAL POWER AND INTERPRETATION OF THE STUDY""; ""Conclusions:""; ""Recommendations:""; ""COMMUNICATION OF THE STUDY RESULTS TO THE PUBLIC""; ""Conclusions:""; ""Recommendations:""; ""SUMMARY OF RESPONSES TO THE CDC'S QUESTIONS""; ""1 Introduction ""; ""2 Overview of the HTDS Draft Final Report and Organization of the Committee's Report ""; ""3 Evaluation of Epidemiologic and Clinical Methods ""; ""EVALUATION OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC METHODS""; ""MILK-CONSUMPTION ESTIMATION""; ""EVALUATION OF CLINICAL-DATA COLLECTION"" ; ""COMPLETENESS OF ASCERTAINMENT OF THYROID DISEASE""""SUSCEPTIBILITY FACTORS FOR THYROID DISEASE""; ""EVALUATION OF MORTALITY DATA""; ""AMERICAN INDIAN TRIBAL ISSUES""; ""4 Evaluation of Dosimetric Methods and Results ""; ""BACKGROUND""; ""HEDR CALCULATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS OF 131 I FROM HANFORD AND RESULTING DOSES: ASSESS ME...""; ""Source Term:""; ""Concentration of 131 I in Pasture Grass at Time of Fallout:""; ""Mean Time of Residence of 131I on Pasture Grass:""; ""Pasture Intake by Cows:""; ""Transfer Coefficient of 131I from Cow's Intake to Milk:"" ; ""Milk-Distribution Factor:""""Milk-Consumption Rate:""; ""Thyroid Dose Coefficient:""; ""HEDR DOSIMETRY-MODEL VALIDATION""; ""Thyroid Burdens""; ""Milk Concentrations""; ""Concentrations in Vegetation""; ""Concentrations in Air""; ""Conclusions""; ""Possible Underestimation or Overestimation of Doses""; ""DOSE UNCERTAINTIES""; ""131 I FROM THE NEVADA TEST SITE AND GLOBAL FALLOUT""; ""OTHER SOURCES OF RADIATION EXPOSURE""; ""5 Evaluation of Statistical Data Analysis ""; ""MODE OF PRESENTATION OF RESULTS""; ""TYPES OF ANALYSES AND RELATED DOSIMETRY-ERROR ISSUES"" ; ""ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL CONFOUNDING OR EFFECT-MODIFYING VARIABLES""""ASSUMPTION OF EQUIVALENT RADIATION EFFECT FOR MALES AND FEMALES""; ""ANALYSES BY AGE AT EXPOSURE""; ""OUT-OF-AREA ANALYSES""; ""GEOSTRATUM VERSUS DISEASE""; ""GENERAL-POPULATION COMPARISON AND SCREENING ISSUES""; ""ANALYSES OF SOURCE OF PERSONAL-EXPOSURE INFORMATION""; ""6 Statistical Power and Interpretation of the Study ""; ""FACTORS IN STATISTICAL POWER""; ""SAMPLE SIZE AND ASSUMED BACKGROUND PREVALENCE OF DISEASE""; ""EFFECT OF DOSIMETRY ERROR ON STATISTICAL POWER""; ""VIOLATION OF THE BERKSON ERROR ASSUMPTION"" ; ""DOSE ERROR DUE TO UNCERTAINTIES IN INPUT DATA""
• Sommario/riassunto: In 1986, officials of the US Department of Energy revealed that the Hanford Atomic Products Operations in Richland, Washington, had been releasing radioactive material, in particular iodine-131, into the environment over a period of years. This information, which confirmed the suspicions of some people in the Pacific Northwest about what they called the Hanford Reservation or just Hanford, created quite a stir. Both the US Congress and citizens of the Northwest became keenly interested in knowing whether these radiation releases had caused human health effects. They were particularly concerned about whether Hanford releases of iodine-131 had led to an increase in thyroid disease among the population of the area. In 1988, Congress ordered a study of the human health effects of exposure to the iodine-131 released from Hanford. Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the study was carried out by the Seattle-based Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center over the last decade. The study examined estimate of exposure of the thyroid and rates of thyroid disease because iodine-131 concentrates in the thyroid and that organ would be the best indicator of radiation damage in the population. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) asked the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC) to give an independent appraisal of the study methodology, results, and interpretation and of the communication of the study results to the public. Review of the Hanford Thyroid Disease Study Draft Final Report constitutes the response of the NRC subcommittee to that request. To respond to the charge, the NRC subcommittee felt that it needed to go beyond the specific questions addressed to it by CDC and develop a broad understanding and critique of the HTDS and the Draft Final Report. As part of those activities, the subcommittee solicited comments from outside experts and members of the public primarily in a public meeting held in Spokane, Washington, in June 1999, where 14 scientists and members of the public made formal presentations to the subcommittee about various aspects of the Draft Final Report. Other members of the public also spoke during four open-comment sessions at the meeting. In addition, efforts were made to evaluate all information materials prepared for the public and additional CDC communication plans. Information was gathered through interviews with journalists, members of concerned citizen groups in the Hanford region, members of the CDC scientific and media staff in Atlanta, and the HTDS investigators. In this summary, the main points follow the structure of our report and are presented under several headings: epidemiologic and clinical methods and data collection, dosimetry, statistical analyses, statistical power and interpretation of the study, and communication of the study results to the public. We then provide a brief synopsis of our response to the questions raised by CDC.
• Altri titoli varianti: Hanford thyroid disease study draft final report
• Titolo autorizzato: Review of the Hanford thyroid disease study draft final report
• ISBN: 9786610185597; 9781280185595; 1280185597; 9780309571463; 0309571464; 9780585219349; 0585219346
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910973824503321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II