Improving the characterization program for contact-handled transuranic waste bound for the waste isolation pilot plant [[electronic resource] /] / Committee on Optimizing the Characterization and Transportation of Transuranic Waste Destined for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, Board on Radioactive Waste Management, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council of the National Academies

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academies Press, 2004
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (144 p.)
• Disciplina: 363.728970973
• Soggetto topico: Radioactive wastes - Transportation - United States; Alpha-bearing wastes - United States; Materials handling
• Note generali: "This study was supported by Grant No. DE-FC01-99EW59049 between the National Academy of Sciences and the U.S. Department of Energy"--T.p. verso.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Improving the Characterization Program for Contact-Handled Transuranic Waste Bound for the WASTE ISOLATION PILOT PLANT -- Copyright -- Preface -- ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- ES.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM -- ES.2 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 BOUNDARIES OF THE STATEMENT OF TASK AND STRATEGY TO ADDRESS IT -- 1.2 ORIGIN OF THIS STUDY -- 1.3 TRANSURANIC WASTE DEFINED -- 1.4 THE WASTE ISOLATION PILOT PLANT -- 1.5 LIFE CYCLE OF TRANSURANIC WASTE -- 1.6 CHALLENGES OF TRANSURANIC WASTE CHARACTERIZATION -- 2 Transuranic Waste Inventories -- 2.1 EXISTING WASTE AND TO-BE-GENERATED WASTE -- 2.2 TRANSURANIC WASTE INVENTORIES -- 2.3 CHALLENGING WASTE STREAMS DESTINED FOR WIPP -- 2.3.1 Waste with high potential for generating flammable gas -- 2.3.2 Oversized containers -- 2.3.3 Fissile isotope content -- 2.3.4 Legacy waste generated in research laboratories -- 2.3.5 Prohibited items -- 2.3.5.1 OASIS and other organic sludge wastes -- 2.3.5.2 Sealed sources -- 2.3.5.3 Wastes containing heat-sealed bags -- 2.3.6 Remote-handled transuranic waste 10 -- 2.4 CHALLENGING WASTE STREAMS WITHOUT A CLEAR PATH FOR DISPOSAL -- 3 Regulatory and Policy Framework for Waste Characterization -- 3.1 REGULATORY BODIES FOR WIPP -- 3.2 MAIN REGULATORY DOCUMENTS -- 3.2.1 Land Withdrawal Act -- 3.2.2 EPA Certificate of Compliance -- 3.2.3 NMED Hazardous Waste Facility Permit -- 3.2.4 USNRC Certificate of Compliance for transportation packages -- 3.2.5 Waste Acceptance Criteria -- 3.3 HISTORY OF MODIFICATIONS TO WIPP'S REGULATORY DOCUMENTS -- 3.3.1 Programmatic changes relevant to EPA -- 3.3.1.1 Approved programmatic changes -- 3.3.2 Programmatic changes relevant to NMED -- 3.3.2.1 Approved changes to the HWFP -- 3.3.3 Programmatic changes relevant to the USNRC. ; 3.3.3.1 Approved changes to the USNRC Certification -- 3.4 DISCUSSION: REGULATORY CHALLENGES AND MILESTONES FOR TRU WASTE CHARACTERIZATION -- 3.4.1 WIPP as a First-of-a-Kind Facility -- 3.5 DISCUSSION: EXPERIENCE WITH THE PERMIT MODIFICATION PROCESS -- 4 Transuranic Waste Characterization Program -- 4.1 OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT WASTE CHARACTERIZATION PROGRAM -- 4.1.1 Acceptable Knowledge -- 4.1.2 Real-time radiography and visual examination -- 4.1.3 Non-destructive assay -- 4.1.4 Drum age criterion and headspace gas sampling and analysis -- 4.1.5 Gas generation testing -- 4.1.6 Homogeneous waste coring and analysis -- 4.1.7 Segregation or rework -- 4.1.8 Repackaging -- 4.1.9 Data management -- 4.1.10 Audits -- 4.2 STATISTICAL SAMPLING OR 100 PERCENT CONFIRMATION? -- 4.3 SITE-SPECIFIC CHARACTERIZATION ACTIVITIES -- 4.4 ACCEPTABLE KNOWLEDGE -- 4.4.1 Uses of Acceptable Knowledge -- 4.4.2 Qualification of Acceptable Knowledge -- 4.4.3 Accuracy of historical information -- 4.5 CHARACTERIZATION COSTS -- 4.6 DISCUSSION: LESSONS FROM EXPERIENCE AND FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES -- 4.6.1 Uses of operational experience -- 4.6.1.1 Operational experience has already produced improvements in waste handling -- 4.6.2 Different approaches for different waste streams -- 4.6.3 Different qualification methods for different waste information -- 4.6.4 Importance of effective communication -- 5 A Framework for Evaluating Waste Characterization Activities -- 5.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM -- 5.2 AN OVERVIEW OF A PROPOSED ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK -- 5.3 ASSESSMENT OF THE RISKS -- 5.4 COSTS OF WASTE CHARACTERIZATION -- 5.5 POLICY IMPACTS -- 5.6 SOCIETAL IMPACTS -- 5.7 COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS -- 5.8 IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS -- 5.9 APPLICATIONS -- 5.9.1 Headspace gas sampling and analysis -- 5.9.1.1 Assessment of risks -- 5.9.1.2 Value of characterization information. ; 5.9.1.3 Cost impacts -- 5.9.1.4 Policy impacts -- 5.9.1.5 Societal impacts -- 5.9.1.6 Cost-effectiveness analysis -- 5.9.2 Homogeneous waste sampling and analysis -- 5.9.2.1 Assessment of risks, costs, and other impacts -- 5.9.2.2 Cost-effectiveness analysis -- 5.9.3 Visual examination to confirm radiography results -- 5.9.3.1 Assessment of risks, costs, and other factors -- 5.9.3.2 Cost-effectiveness analysis -- 6 Findings and Recommendations -- 6.1 OBSERVATIONS -- 6.2 FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- B Information-Gathering Meetings -- B.1 FIRST MEETING: OCTOBER 28-29, 2002 (CARLSBAD, NEW MEXICO) -- B.2 SECOND MEETING: JANUARY 28, 2003 (SANTA FE, NEW MEXICO) -- B.3 THIRD MEETING: MARCH 3-5, 2003 (AUGUSTA, GEORGIA) -- B.4 FOURTH MEETING: MAY 19, 2003 (WASHINGTON, D.C.) -- C Characterization-Related Requirements in WIPP Regulatory Documents -- C.1 LAND WITHDRAWAL ACT REQUIREMENTS FOR TRANSURANIC WASTE IN WIPP -- C.2 CHARACTERIZATION REQUIREMENTS IN THE EPA CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE -- C.2.1 WIPP's performance assessment -- C.3 CHARACTERIZATION REQUIREMENTS IN THE NMED HAZARDOUS WASTE FACILITY PERMIT -- C.4 REQUIREMENTS IN THE TRU WASTE AUTHORIZED METHODS OF PAYLOAD CONTROL -- C.5 REGULATORY BODIES -- REFERENCES -- D Transportation Package Requirements Affecting Waste Characterization -- D.1 CONTAINER AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES REQUIREMENTS -- D.2 NUCLEAR PROPERTIES REQUIREMENTS -- D.3 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES REQUIREMENTS -- D.4 GAS GENERATION REQUIREMENTS -- D.5 PAYLOAD ASSEMBLY REQUIREMENTS -- D.6 QUALITY ASSURANCE -- D.7 REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERSITE SHIPMENTS -- REFERENCES -- E Health and Safety Issues in Waste Characterization -- E.1 WASTE HANDLING AND MANAGEMENT AT GENERATOR SITES AND WIPP -- E.1.1 Worker health -- E.1.2 Public health -- E.2 TRANSPORTATION -- E.2.1 Worker health. ; E.2.2 Public health -- E.3 CASE STUDY: SAVANNAH RIVER SITE OPERATIONS -- E.3.1 Worker doses and risks from operations -- E.4 CASE STUDY: ROCKY FLATS ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY SITE -- E.4.1 Workers doses and risks from operations -- REFERENCES -- F Risk Considerations -- F.1 RISKS RELATED TO WASTE HANDLING -- F.2 RISKS RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION -- F.3 RISKS RELATED TO WASTE DISPOSAL -- REFERENCES -- Glossary -- Acronyms.
• Titolo autorizzato: Improving the characterization program for contact-handled transuranic waste bound for the waste isolation pilot plant
• ISBN: 1-280-17670-9; 9786610176700; 0-309-58960-6
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910827098803321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II