Dredging coastal ports : an assessment of the issues / / Marine Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1985
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (222 pages)
• Disciplina: 627.73
• Soggetto topico: Harbors - United States - Maintenance and repair; Dredging - United States; Coasts - United States
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographies.
• Nota di contenuto: Dredging Coastal Ports -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- ORIGINS OF THE STUDY -- STUDY SCOPE AND METHODS -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 1 Executive Summary -- 2 Findings -- 1. DOES THE UNITED STATES NEED ADDITIONAL PORT CAPACITY TO ACCOMMODATE LARGER SHIPS? -- Finding 1 -- 2. WHAT ARE THE MOST ATTRACTIVE WAYS FOR THE UNITED STATES TO ACCOMMODATE LARGE SHIPS? -- Finding 2 -- Finding 3 -- Finding 4 -- Finding 5 -- Finding 6 -- 3. HOW SHOULD DREDGING BE FUNDED, AND WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR DREDGING OF VARIOUS FUNDING APPROACHES? -- Finding 7 -- Finding 8 -- Finding 9 -- 4. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF THE SLOWDOWN IN DECISION MAKING FOR LOCAL PROJECTS AND THE STALEMATE FOR FEDERAL PROJECTS, AND... -- Finding 10 -- Finding 11 -- Finding 12 -- Finding 13 -- Finding 14 -- Finding 15 -- Finding 16 -- Finding 17 -- 5. WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DREDGING PROJECTS, AND HOW CAN THEY BE DEALT WITH? -- Finding 18 -- Finding 19 -- Finding 20 -- Finding 21 -- Finding 22 -- 6. WHAT ARE THE MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH DREDGING AND HOW CAN THEY BE MOST EFFECTIVELY MANAGED? -- Finding 23 -- Finding 24 -- Finding 25 -- Finding 26 -- Finding 27 -- Finding 28 -- Finding 29 -- Finding 30 -- Finding 31 -- Finding 32 -- Finding 33 -- 3 Overview of Dredging Issues -- CHANGES IN THE WORLD ECONOMY AND TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM -- SUMMARY -- PORT DECISION MAKING IN THE UNITED STATES -- REFERENCES -- 4 Does the United States Need to Accommodate Large Vessels? -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS THE PRESENT PORT SITUATION? -- Vessels in the World Fleet and Major Trends -- Ports Worldwide -- ECONOMICS -- LONG LEAD TIMES -- Summary of Factors Contributing to Uncertainty -- National Defense/Security -- Future Flexibility -- REFERENCES -- 5 Options for Handling Large Vessels -- CONSTRUCTION DREDGING -- OFFSHORE TERMINALS. ; Fixed Offshore Structures -- Spread-Type Offshore Moorings -- Single-Point Moorings -- Floating Terminals -- Offshore Storage Caisson Terminals -- Offshore Terminal Complexes -- NEW PORTS -- INDUSTRIAL ISLANDS -- WIDER-BEAM CARRIERS WITH RESTRICTED DRAFT -- LIGHTERING/TOPPING-OFF -- CARGO TRANSFER TECHNOLOGIES -- Tramways and Monorails -- COMPARISON BY THE COMMITTEE'S CRITERIA -- Economics -- Navigational Safety -- New Construction Dredging -- Offshore Terminals -- New Deepwater Ports -- Wide-Beam Vessels -- Topping-Off -- Environmental Issues -- New Construction Dredging -- Offshore Terminals -- New Deepwater Ports -- Wide-Beam Vessels -- Topping-Off -- National Security and Defense -- Future Flexibility -- CONCLUSIONS -- Criteria Applicable to Selection of Ports for Deep Construction Dredging -- REFERENCES -- 6 Funding Issues -- FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE FUNDING STALEMATE -- NECESSARY ELEMENTS FOR CONSENSUS -- FUNDING ALTERNATIVES -- GENERAL FUND REVENUES -- PRESENT PORT REVENUES -- USER FEES -- ALLOCATION OF REVENUES -- MANAGEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF PORT DREDGING -- NON-FUNDING ISSUES -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 The Institutional Decision Making System -- INTRODUCTION -- FEDERAL VERSUS LOCAL PROJECTS -- FAST TRACKING -- THE REGULATORY DECISION MAKING SYSTEM -- AGENCY ROLES -- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers -- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Department of Interior) -- National Marine Fisheries Service (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce -- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Epa) -- State Departments of Fish, Game/Wildlife -- State (and Regional) Water Quality Control Boards -- State Coastal Commissions/Coastal Zone Management Agencies -- Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, State Offices and Others (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers) -- THE PROCESS OF CONCURRENCE AND COORDINATION. ; EACH PORT IS UNIQUE -- SUMMARY -- CONCLUSION -- WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS? -- REFERENCES -- 8 Assessment of Technical Considerations and Needs to be Met in Dredging U.S. Ports -- ENGINEERING DESIGN OBJECTIVES FOR DREDGED NAVIGATIONAL FACILITIES -- Maneuvering Requirements of Vessels -- Entrance -- Sinkage -- Bank Effects -- Vessel Interactions -- Decreased Turning Performance -- Winds and Currents -- Irregularities -- Piloting -- Lack of Minimum Standards for Vessel Maneuverability -- Criteria for Dimensions of Dredged Navigational Facilities -- SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT OF NAVIGATIONAL FACILITIES IN U.S. PORTS -- Operational Adequacy -- DESIGN OF NEW CONSTRUCTION DREDGING PROJECTS FOR MINIMAL MAINTENANCE DREDGING -- MAINTENANCE DREDGING -- CAPABILITY OF THE DREDGING INDUSTRY -- Equipment and Procedures -- Structure of the U.S. Dredging Industry -- Improving the Economy and Efficiency of Dredging -- Replacement of Dredging Plant -- Cutter-Suction Dredges: Problems and Opportunities -- Dredging Wheel -- Position Indicator System -- Recent Improvements in Hopper Dredges -- Hopper -- Draghead-Mounted Dredge Pump -- Active Draghead -- Venturi Draghead -- Automatic Draghead with Winch Control System -- Split-Hull Hopper Dredge -- Underwater Pump in the Suction Pipe -- Automation -- Production Instrumentation -- Production Meter -- Nuclear Silt Density Meter -- Economies in Efficiency -- Market Incentives and Effects -- Integrated Projects -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 9 Environmental Issues -- INTRODUCTION -- SEDIMENTS -- DREDGING PROCEDURES -- DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL PROCEDURES -- ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS -- THE DREDGING SITE -- The Disposal Area -- Upland Sites and Sites Fringing the Shoreline -- Open Water Sites -- Regulatory Procedures -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Appendix A Summary of Committee Expertise. ; Appendix B General Design Criteria for Dredged Navigational Facilities -- Appendix C Questionnaire To Pilots' Organizations -- Appendix D Request for Information from Ports of Other Maritime Nations -- Appendix E Policy and Legislation Pertinent To Dredging -- Appendix F Commissioned Papers and Background Materials Prepared for Study of National Dredging Issues -- Appendix G Figures and Tables.
• Sommario/riassunto: Are the nation's ports adequate for our present and future needs? This volume points out that no significant new deep-water construction has occurred for a decade, and provides the information and analysis needed to goad the ports and the federal government into action. The book asks three questions: Is additional port construction and maintenance dredging needed now or over the next 20 years? What would prevent dredging if it is needed? What alternatives could make additional dredging possible? The book identifies several problems in dredging ports, including the long interval between a decision to deepen a port and the time the alterations are complete. The United States needs to speed port construction to meet changing needs, and the committee recommends that we prepare for future needs by dredging now.
• Titolo autorizzato: Dredging coastal ports
• ISBN: 1-280-22204-2; 9786610222049; 0-309-54246-4; 0-585-14475-3
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910813255803321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II