Under the influence? : drugs and the American work force / / Jacques Normand, Richard O. Lempert, and Charles P. O'Brien, editors

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1994
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (333 p.)
• Disciplina: 658.3/822
• Soggetto topico: Drugs and employment - United States; Alcoholism and employment - United States; Employee assistance programs - United States
• Altri autori: NormandJacques <1954-> LempertRichard O O'BrienCharles P
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: UNDER THE INFLUENCE? -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Summary: Conclusions and Recommendations -- THE COMMITTEE'S CHARGE -- DEFINITION OF TERMS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Part I: Scope of Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- Chapter 2 Etiology of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: An Overview of Potential Causes -- Chapter 3 Epidemiological Evidence: The Dimensions of the Problem -- Part II: Effects of Use -- Chapter 4 Impact of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: Laboratory Studies -- Chapter 5 Impact of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: Observational/Field Studies -- Part III: Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions -- Chapter 6 Detecting and Assessing Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- Chapter 7 Impact of Drug-Testing Programs on Productivity -- Chapter 8 Employee Assistance Programs -- Appendix A Methodological Issues -- REFERENCE -- 1 Introduction -- THE COMMITTEE'S CHARGE -- Definition of the Term Drug -- Definitions of Use, Abuse, and Dependence -- Definition of the Work Force -- SCOPE OF THE REPORT -- REFERENCES -- I Scope Of Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- 2 Etiology of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: An Overview of Potential Causes -- OVERVIEW -- ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUG USE ON THE JOB -- Patterns of Alcohol and Other Drug Use on the Job -- Predictors of Alcohol and Other Drug Use on the Job -- Nature Versus Nurture in Alcohol and Other Drug Use on the Job -- Alcohol and Other Drug Use by Occupation and Context -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3 Epidemiological Evidence: The Dimensions of the Problem -- SURVEY AND DRUG-TESTING APPROACHES: STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS -- LARGE-SCALE SURVEYS -- High School Senior Surveys -- Prevalence and Trends in Illicit Drug Use -- Alcohol and Cigarettes -- National Household Surveys on Drug Abuse -- Prevalence and Trends in Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- Demographic Correlates of Alcohol and Other Drug Use. ; Alcohol and Other Drug Use by the Work Force -- Military Worldwide Surveys -- Trends in Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- Demographic Correlates of Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- Effects of Alcohol and Other Drug Use at Work -- Comparing Military and Civilian Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- Is Heavy Illicit Drug Use Declining? -- Summary -- WORK SITE DRUG TESTING -- Background -- Findings -- Reasons for Testing -- Region and Type of Industry -- Time Trends -- Summary -- ORGANIZATION-SPECIFIC PREVALENCE STUDIES -- U.S. Postal Service -- Hospital Employees -- Municipal and Housing Authority Workers -- Naval Recruits -- Utility Employees -- Manufacturing -- Summary -- OTHER PREVALENCE STUDIES OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUG USE IN THE WORKPLACE -- Summary -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- II Effects Of Use -- 4 Impact of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: Laboratory Studies -- STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF LABORATORY STUDIES -- DRUGS AND THEIR EFFECTS -- Stimulant Drugs -- Marijuana -- Alcohol and Sedatives -- Residual Drug Effects -- METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES -- LIMITS AND REALITIES OF LABORATORY STUDIES -- GENERAL FINDINGS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 Impact of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: Observational/Field Studies -- COMMON PROBLEMS WITH FIELD STUDIES -- Links Between Deviance, Alcohol and Other Drug Use, and Work Behavior -- Alcohol and Other Drug Use and Deviance -- Role of Deviance in the Correlation of Alcohol and Other Drug Use and Work Behavior -- FIELD STUDIES -- Absenteeism -- Accidents -- Accidents in the Transportation Industry -- Accidents in Other Industries -- Turnover -- Job Satisfaction -- Other Outcomes -- Summary -- PRODUCTIVITY COSTS OF ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUG USE -- Overview of a Typical Cost-of-Drug-Use Study -- Interpreting Cost-of-Drug-Use Studies -- Costs of Alcohol and Other Drug Use: Worker Productivity. ; Alcohol Use and Productivity -- Marijuana Use and Productivity -- Cocaine and Other Drug Use and Productivity -- Demographic Differential Effects -- Variations in Results Across Outcome Measures -- INTERPRETING THE EMPIRICAL RESULTS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- III Effectiveness Of Workplace Interventions -- 6 Detecting and Assessing Alcohol and Other Drug Use -- EVOLUTION OF BIOCHEMICAL DRUG TESTING -- BIOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR DETECTING DRUG USE -- Specimen Collection -- Laboratory Methods -- On-Site Testing Facilities -- Adding to the List of Drugs to be Tested -- Accuracy and Interpretation -- INDIRECT METHODS OF ASSESSING ALCOHOL AND OTHER DRUG USE -- Personal Profiles -- Integrity Tests -- Other Personal Profile Measures -- Summary -- Behavioral Indicators -- Drug Evaluation and Classification Program -- Occupational Alcoholism and Employee Assistance Programs -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 Impact of Drug-Testing Programs on Productivity -- TYPES AND USES OF DRUG-TESTING PROGRAMS -- IMPACT OF DRUG-TESTING PROGRAMS -- Preemployment Drug Testing -- For-Cause Testing -- Random Drug Testing -- Workplace Drug Testing and Productivity -- CONCEPTUAL INCONGRUITIES IN RESEARCH METHODS -- Conceptual Issues -- Cost-Effectiveness of Drug-Testing Programs -- EFFECTS OF DRUG TESTING ON ATTITUDES AND MORALE -- Influence of Job Characteristics -- Influence of Program Characteristics -- Limitations of Research on Reactions to Drug Testing -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 8 Employee Assistance Programs -- PREVENTION ACTIVITIES -- Health Promotion and Wellness Programs -- Effects of Interventions on Work-Related Outcome Measures -- EMPLOYEE ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS -- Types of Data Available -- Utilization of Services -- Evidence of Effectiveness -- Specific Activities and Services -- Supervisor Training. ; Impact of Supervisor Training -- Follow-Up Counseling and Support -- Level of Care -- Summary -- TREATMENT -- Entering Treatment -- Self-Referral -- Supervisor Referral -- Advantage of Early Detection and Referral -- Treatment Follow-up and Work Site Reentry -- Plan for After-Care -- Effectiveness of After-Care -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIXES -- A Methodological Issues -- SCIENTIFIC JUDGMENT AND RESEARCH DESIGN -- TYPES OF STUDY DESIGNS -- Epidemiologic (Observational, Nonexperimental) -- Drug-Use-Related Issues by Epidemiologic Designs -- Strengths and Weaknesses -- Quasi-Experiments: Strengths and Weaknesses -- Randomized Trials and Laboratory Experiments: Strengths and Weaknesses -- PRACTICAL IMPORTANCE VERSUS STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE -- RESEARCH DESIGN ISSUES SPECIFIC TO DRUG USE IN THE WORKPLACE -- Unit of Analysis -- Temporal Sequence and Causality -- Measurement Errors of Drug Use Indicators -- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION -- REFERENCES -- B The Legal Environment of Drug Testing -- SOURCES OF AUTHORITY -- LEGAL CONSTRAINTS -- The Fourth Amendment -- Skinner and Von Raab -- Applying the Reasonableness Standard -- Factors to Be Considered -- The Private Sector -- Employees and Applicants -- State Law -- CONCLUSION -- A WORD ABOUT ETHICS -- REFERENCES -- C Biographical Sketches -- Index.
• Titolo autorizzato: Under the influence
• ISBN: 1-280-21135-0; 9786610211357; 0-309-59626-2; 0-585-02363-8
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910812480403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II