The formation of mountains / / Florian Neukirchen

• Autore: Neukirchen Florian
• Pubblicazione: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (544 pages)
• Disciplina: 551.41
• Soggetto topico: Geomorphology; Mountains; Orogeny
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Author -- 1 The Structure of Mountains -- 1.1 The Riddle of the Glarus Thrust -- 1.2 Rocks and Dough -- 1.2.1 Fractures -- 1.2.2 Ductile Deformation -- 1.2.3 More or Less Competent -- 1.3 Types of Faults -- 1.4 Clefts -- 1.5 The Folded Jura -- 1.6 More About Folds and Thrusts -- 1.6.1 Folds and Overthrusts in the Helvetic Nappes -- 1.6.2 Duplex in the Moine Thrust Belt in Scotland -- 1.6.3 Backthrusts and Pop-Ups -- 1.7 Feldspar, Quartz and Mica -- 1.8 The Structure of Earth -- 1.9 Absolute and Relative Ages -- 1.10 A Short History of the Earth -- 1.10.1 Precambrian -- 1.10.2 Palaeozoic -- 1.10.3 Mesozoic -- 1.10.4 Cenozoic -- References -- 2 The Rock Cycle -- 2.1 Carbonates -- 2.1.1 The Reefs of the Dolomites -- 2.1.2 Dolomitisation -- 2.2 Karst -- 2.2.1 Karst Springs and Ponors -- 2.2.2 Travertine -- 2.2.3 Caves -- 2.2.4 Sinkholes, Uvalas and Poljes -- 2.2.5 Fluviokarst -- 2.2.6 Glaciokarst -- 2.2.7 Tropical Karst -- 2.3 Evaporites -- 2.3.1 Marine Evaporites -- 2.3.2 Salt Lakes and Salt Pans -- 2.3.3 Salt and Tectonics -- 2.4 From Weathering to Deposition -- 2.4.1 Chemical Weathering -- 2.4.2 Physical Weathering -- 2.4.3 Mass Movements -- 2.4.4 Rainfall on Slopes -- 2.4.5 Erosion, Transport and Deposition by Rivers -- 2.4.6 Turbidity Currents in the Sea -- 2.4.7 From Sand to Sandstone -- 2.5 The Power of Ice -- 2.6 Sandstone Tables and Towers -- 2.6.1 Elbe Sandstone Mountains -- 2.6.2 Meteora -- 2.6.3 Wulingyuan -- 2.6.4 Tepui -- 2.7 Metamorphism -- 2.7.1 When Little Happens -- 2.7.2 Metamorphism of Basalt -- 2.7.3 Metamorphism of Claystone -- 2.7.4 P-T Paths and Large Crystals -- 2.8 Magmas -- 2.8.1 Melting in the Mantle -- 2.8.2 Differentiation of Magmas -- 2.8.3 Alkaline Rocks -- 2.8.4 Granite -- Literature -- 3 Of Moving Plates, Volcanoes and Uplift -- Abstract. ; 3.1 Alfred Wegener and His Continental Drift -- 3.2 From Continental Drift to Plate Tectonics -- 3.3 How Volcanoes Work -- 3.3.1 Hawaiian and Strombolian Eruptions -- 3.3.2 When Magma Meets Water -- 3.3.3 Ash Eruptions and Plinian Eruptions -- 3.3.4 Lava Domes and Obsidian Flows -- 3.3.5 Glowing Clouds and Lahars -- 3.3.6 Calderas and Ring Complexes -- 3.3.7 Fumaroles and Hydrothermal Systems -- 3.4 Mid-Ocean Ridges and the Oceanic Crust -- 3.4.1 Ophiolite Complexes in Cyprus and Oman -- 3.4.2 Naked Mantle Without a Shell -- 3.5 Uplift of a Mountain Range -- 3.5.1 Playing with Buoyancy -- 3.5.2 Denudation Rates -- 3.5.3 Uplift and Tectonics -- 3.6 Mountains and Climate -- 3.6.1 Volcanic Eruptions and Climate -- 3.6.2 Mountains and Climate Change -- References -- 4 Mountains and Plunging Plates: Subduction Zones -- 4.1 Island Arcs and Active Continental Margins -- 4.1.1 Accretionary Wedge or Abrasive Paper -- 4.1.2 Magmas and Metamorphism -- 4.1.3 Diving into Hell -- 4.1.4 Compression and Extension -- 4.1.5 Mariana Arc -- 4.1.6 Sunda Arc in Indonesia -- 4.2 The Andes -- 4.2.1 Central Chile to Northern Patagonia -- 4.2.2 Aconcagua and the Sierras Pampeanas -- 4.2.3 Central Andes and the Altiplano -- 4.2.4 Snow White Behind the 30 Mountain Giants -- 4.2.5 Ecuador, Colombia and a Detour to Central America -- 4.2.6 Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego -- 4.3 Subduction and Accretion on the Western Margin of North America -- 4.3.1 Mexico -- 4.3.2 The Mountains of the Western USA -- 4.3.3 The Rocky Mountains in Canada -- 4.4 Collision of Island Arcs and Obduction of Ophiolites -- 4.4.1 New Guinea -- 4.4.2 Taiwan -- 4.4.3 Philippines -- References -- 5 Strike-Slip Faults with Complications -- 5.1 The Dead Sea and Mount Lebanon -- 5.2 Red River and Ailao Shan -- 5.3 The Southern Alps of New Zealand -- 5.4 Alaska -- 5.5 Altai -- References. ; 6 Great Rifts and Hot Spots -- 6.1 Hotspots and the Highest Mountains in the World -- 6.1.1 Hawaii -- 6.1.2 The Canary Islands -- 6.1.3 Iceland -- 6.1.4 Flood Basalts -- 6.1.5 Yellowstone -- 6.2 Introduction to Continental Rifting -- 6.3 The East African Rift -- 6.3.1 The Ethiopian Highlands, Afar, and the Turkana Depression -- 6.3.2 The Western Branch of the Rift System -- 6.3.3 The Eastern Branch of the Rift System -- 6.4 Rifts and Uplands in Central Europe -- 6.4.1 Upper Rhine Graben, Black Forest and Vosges -- 6.4.2 Alcove Lands and Swabian Jura -- 6.4.3 Ore Mountains, Thuringian Forest and Harz Mountains -- 6.5 The High Atlas -- 6.6 Mountains on Passive Continental Margins -- 6.6.1 Western Ghats in India -- 6.6.2 The Cape Fold Belt and the Great Escarpment in South Africa -- 6.6.3 Uplift in Scandinavia -- 6.7 Collision and Collapse in the Wild West -- 6.7.1 Basin and Range Province -- 6.7.2 The Recent Uplift of the Sierra Nevada -- 6.7.3 The Teton Range -- References -- 7 The Roof of the World: High Mountains of Asia -- 7.1 Himalaya -- 7.1.1 The Early Stage of Collision -- 7.1.2 The Deep Structure of the Collision Zone -- 7.1.3 The Nappe Stack -- 7.1.4 Channel Flow or Orogenic Wedge? -- 7.1.5 Uplift, Erosion and Climate -- 7.1.6 Both Ends of the Himalayas -- 7.2 Evasive Crustal Blocks -- 7.3 Tibet -- 7.3.1 The Terranes of Tibet -- 7.3.2 Uplift and Deformation of the Plateau -- 7.4 Karakoram, Ladakh and Hindu Kush -- 7.5 High Mountains in Central Asia -- 7.5.1 Pamir -- 7.5.2 Tian Shan -- 7.6 High-Pressure Rocks: Into the Depths and Back Again -- 7.6.1 Accretionary Wedge and Subduction Channel -- 7.6.2 Continental Ultra-High-Pressure Rocks -- 7.6.3 Eclogites on the Nordfjord in Norway -- 7.7 A Patchwork Quilt in the Middle East -- 7.7.1 Zagros -- 7.7.2 Alborz and Kopetdag -- 7.7.3 Caucasus -- 7.7.4 Anatolia -- References. ; 8 The Alps and Their Siblings -- 8.1 An Overview of the Alps -- 8.2 An Ocean Emerges -- 8.2.1 A Shallow Sea Floods the Continent -- 8.2.2 Opening of a Deep Ocean -- 8.2.3 Eo-Alpine Orogeny and the Austroalpine Nappes -- 8.2.4 The Maximum Extent of the Ocean -- 8.3 The Collision in the Alps -- 8.3.1 The Accretion Wedge Becomes a Mountain Range -- 8.3.2 Around Zermatt -- 8.3.3 Slab Break-Off and Late Phase of Mountain Building -- 8.3.4 A View Through the Tauern Window -- 8.3.5 The Recent History -- 8.4 Between the Apennines and Gibraltar -- 8.4.1 Corsica and Sardinia -- 8.4.2 Apennine Mountains -- 8.4.3 Tell Atlas, Rif and Betic Cordillera -- 8.4.4 Calabria, Sicily and the Volcanoes of South Italy -- 8.5 Pyrenees -- 8.6 East of the Alps and the Adriatic Sea -- 8.6.1 Dinarides and Hellenides -- 8.6.2 Hellenic Arc and the Aegean Sea -- 8.6.3 Carpathians and Balkan Mountains -- 8.7 Time Travel to the Palaeozoic Mountain Formations -- 8.7.1 The Caledonian Orogeny -- 8.7.2 The Variscan Orogeny -- Literature -- Glossary -- Index.
• Titolo autorizzato: The Formation of Mountains
• ISBN: 9783031113857; 9783031113840
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910633918503321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II