Introduction to forensic and criminal psychology / / Dennis Howitt, Loughborough University

• Autore: Howitt Dennis
• Pubblicazione: Harlow, England : , : Pearson, , 2015
• Edizione: Fifth edition.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (665 pages)
• Disciplina: 364.3
• Soggetto topico: Criminal psychology; Forensic psychology
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Contents -- List of figures, tables and boxes -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Publisher's acknowledgements -- 1 What is forensic and criminal psychology? -- Overview -- Introduction -- Researcher-practitioners -- History of forensic and criminal psychology -- Main points -- Further reading -- 2 The social context of crime -- Overview -- Introduction -- The extent of crime -- The extent of criminality -- Crime rates compared internationally -- Conservative and radical interpretations -- International variations in justice systems -- Main points -- Further reading -- 3 Crime and the public -- Overview -- Introduction -- Attitudes towards crime -- Knowledge of crime -- The nature of the fear of crime -- Theories of fear of crime -- Main points -- Further reading -- 4 Victims of crime -- Overview -- Introduction -- Victim-offender overlap -- Post-traumatic stress disorder and victims -- Psychological help for victims -- Post-traumatic anger -- Victim decision making -- Counterfactual thinking -- Main points -- Further reading -- 5 Theories of crime -- Overview -- Introduction -- Neuropsychology of offending -- Intelligence and crime -- Psychoanalysis and crime -- Addiction to crime -- Eysenck's biosocial theory of crime -- Social learning theory -- The social construction of crime -- Main points -- Further reading -- 6 Juvenile offenders and beyond -- Overview -- Introduction -- Adolescents, crime and the family -- International comparisons -- Criminogenic factors in childhood -- Continuity of childhood and adult antisocial behaviour -- Social interventions to reduce delinquency -- Young sex offenders -- Specific explanations of antisocial behaviour in childhood -- Lifespan development and criminal careers -- Main points -- Further reading -- 7 Theft and other crimes against property -- Overview -- Introduction. ; Shoplifting and kleptomania -- Burglary -- Main points -- Further reading -- 8 Violent offenders -- Overview -- Introduction -- Who is the violent criminal? -- Alcohol and violent crime -- Anger and its management in violent crime -- Media influences on violent crime -- Theories of homicide -- Domestic violence: forensic issues -- Domestic violence by women against men -- Stalking: what sort of crime? -- Desistance from violent crime -- Main points -- Further reading -- 9 Sexual offenders 1: rapists -- Overview -- Introduction -- Frequency of rape -- Sex offenders as specialists and generalists -- Youthful sex offenders -- Is rape a sexual orientation? -- Patterns in rape -- The nature of rapists -- Rape myths -- Socio-cultural factors and sexual violence -- More on the theory of rape -- Synthesising explanations of sex offending -- Main points -- Further reading -- 10 Sexual offenders 2: paedophiles and child molestation -- Overview -- Introduction -- Mental illness and sexual predators -- Classifications of child molesters -- How common is paedophilia? -- The normal sex lives of paedophiles -- The nature of paedophile offences -- Youthful offenders -- Theories of paedophilia -- Denial and sex offending -- Internet paedophile offenders -- Main points -- Further reading -- 11 Police psychology -- Overview -- Introduction -- Recruitment and selection -- Police culture -- Explaining police bias -- Improving police work -- The cognitive interview -- Other types of police interview -- Forensic hypnosis -- Police as eyewitnesses: how accurate are they? -- The police caution -- Use of lethal force -- The impact of their work on the police -- Main points -- Further reading -- 12 Terrorism and hostage-taking incidents -- Overview -- Introduction -- The consequences ofterrorism -- Is there a terrorist personality or profile?. ; The problem created for risk assessment -- What makes a terrorist? -- Planning terrorist attacks -- The end of terrorist organisations -- Hostage barricade incidents -- Hostage negotiation -- Main points -- Further reading -- 13 Eyewitness testimony -- Overview -- Introduction -- Eyewitness testimony as a central issue in forensic and criminal psychology -- The accuracy of witness evidence -- Later intrusions into eyewitness memory -- Eyewitness evidence in court -- Improving the validity of the line-up -- The importance of eyewitness evidence research -- Main points -- Further reading -- 14 Profile analysis 1: FBI-style offender profiling -- Overview -- Introduction -- The process of police investigation -- The FBI profiling process -- An example of FBI profiling -- Does profiling work? -- Main points -- Further reading -- 15 Profile analysis 2: investigative psychology and statistical profiling -- Overview -- Introduction -- Statistical profiling -- The homology issue and basic theory -- Profiling and personality -- Main points -- Further reading -- 16 False allegations -- Overview -- Introduction -- How frequent are false allegations? -- Pathways to false allegations -- Child sexual abuse -- False claims of abuse and young children -- The diagnosticity of signs of abuse -- Assessing the accuracy of young children's reports -- In what ways are genuine allegations different? -- Main points -- Further reading -- 17 False confessions -- Overview -- Introduction -- Police interrogation methods -- Types of false confession -- Consequences of a false confession -- Can confession evidence be disregarded? -- Main points -- Further reading -- 18 Lies, lie detecting and credibility 1: the psychology of deception -- Overview -- Introduction -- The definition of lying -- Ekman's theory of lie detection -- Are professional lie detectors really no better?. ; Reliance on invalid cues to deception -- The quest for lie detection wizards -- Improving lie detection hit rates - cognitive overload -- Strategic questioning -- The SUE (strategic useof evidence) technique -- Conclusion -- Main points -- Further reading -- 19 Lies, lie detecting and credibility 2: the polygraph test and statement validity analysis -- Overview -- Introduction -- The polygraph process -- Problems with the polygraph -- Studies of the validity of polygraphy -- Polygraphy and the post-conviction sex offender -- Alternatives to the polygraph -- Statement validity analysis: criterion-based content analysis and the validity checklist -- The validity of statement validity analysis -- Main points -- Further reading -- 20 Children as witnesses -- Overview -- Introduction -- What is difficult about forensic interviews with children? -- Improving forensic interviews with children -- The trade-off of accuracy against completeness -- Children and lying -- Errors of omission andcommission -- How to interview child witnesses -- Long-term influences of questioning -- Children and line-up identifications -- The role of the interviewer in child witness testimony -- Main points -- Further reading -- 21 Mental disorders and crime -- Overview -- Introduction -- Controlling for confounding factors -- Violence in the mentally ill and national trends -- Confounding by overlapping definitions -- The confounding effects of medication -- The clinical sample problem -- Misclassification of the mentally ill and violent -- Effects of general social trends -- Mental illness and violent crime in community samples -- Clinical aspects of violence -- Who among the mentally ill is violent? -- Mental illness and crime in general -- Why should there be greater criminality among the mentally ill? -- Violent victimisation of the mentally ill. ; The special issue of psychopaths and crime -- Reconviction and mental illness -- The police and mental illness -- Main points -- Further reading -- 22 Mental, personality and intellectual problems in court -- Overview -- Introduction -- Competence/capacity to stand trial -- Psychopaths and mental illness -- Post-traumatic stress disorder as a defence -- Main points -- Further reading -- 23 Judges and lawyers -- Overview -- Introduction -- Types of trial -- Are trial outcomes predictable? -- The presentation of evidence in court -- Other lawyer tactics -- Is expert evidence understood in court? -- Judgments -- Decision making in court -- Main points -- Further reading -- 24 Juries and decision making -- Overview -- Introduction -- Scientific jury selection and litigation consultation -- Simple improvements to aid jurors -- The effect of jury size and decision rules -- How juries make decisions -- General processes in juror decision making -- Non-evidential evidence -- Main points -- Further reading -- 25 Effective prison -- Overview -- Introduction -- Prison as a therapeutic community -- Violence in prison -- Suicide in prison -- The effectiveness of prison -- 'Nothing works' -- The many dimensions of psychology in prison -- Main points -- Further reading -- 26 Psychological treatments for prisoners and other offenders -- Overview -- Introduction -- Sex offender therapy in prison -- Treating violent criminals -- Manualisation -- The high-risk offender problem -- Main points -- Further reading -- 27 Assessment of risk, dangerousness and recidivism -- Overview -- Introduction -- Duty to protect -- Risk assessment -- Political context -- Clinical judgement versus statistical assessment -- Clinical approaches in risk and dangerousness assessment -- Structured clinical methods -- Predictors may be specific rather than general. ; Statistical or actuarial prediction.
• Sommario/riassunto: With clear and comprehensive coverage of the subject, Introduction to Forensic Criminal Psychology remains the authoritative, must-have text in what is a rapidly changing field. This student-friendly and accessible title is brim full of up-to-date research and valuable pedagogic features-an engaging resource whose high praise is well deserved.
• Titolo autorizzato: Introduction to forensic and criminal psychology
• ISBN: 1-292-00307-3; 9781292003078
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910153255603321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II