The life-cycle of pharmaceuticals in the environment / / Barrie M. Peake [and three others]

• Pubblicazione: Amsterdam, Netherlands : , : Elsevier, , 2016; ©2016
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (272 p.)
• Disciplina: 363.738
• Soggetto topico: Drugs - Environmental aspects; Drugs - Biodegradation; Decomposition (Chemistry)
• Persona (resp. second.): PeakeB. M.
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover; The Life-Cycle of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment; Copyright; Dedication; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Overview: Do pharmaceuticals pose a significant environmental risk?; 1.2 Hazardous substances; 1.3 Pathways to the environment: Life-cycle of pharmaceuticals; 1.4 Conclusions; References; Chapter 2: Prescribing practices; 2.1 Pharmaceuticals in legislative and healthcare systems; 2.1.1 Case study: the role of PHARMAC in New Zealand pharmaceutical expenditure; 2.2 The role of patient medical adherence ; 2.2.1 Secondary nonadherence and conscientiousness2.2.2 Secondary nonadherence and medication-information seeking behavior; 2.2.3 "White coat adherence" syndrome; 2.2.4 Secondary nonadherence and adverse drug reactions, side effects, or efficacy; 2.2.5 Secondary nonadherence and complex dosing regimens; 2.3 Strategies to minimize medication nonadherence; 2.4 "Doctor, it just doesn't work!"-Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmaceutical waste; 2.4.1 Action and behavior of drugs; 2.4.2 Patient medical history; 2.4.3 Concomitant medications; 2.4.4 Dose titrations ; 2.5 "How much are those antibiotics? I want'em!"2.6 Accumulation of unused medications; 2.6.1 Return of unused medications to pharmacies and general medical practices; 2.7 Strategies to prevent accumulation of unused pharmaceuticals; References; Chapter 3: Disposal of unused medications; 3.1 Overview; 3.2 The origins of unused medication; 3.3 Medication disposal by households; 3.4 Attitudes toward medication disposal; 3.4.1 Influence of dosage form design; 3.4.2 Medication disposal methods and environmental awareness; 3.4.3 Medication disposal and advice received ; 3.4.4 Medication disposal practices and demographics3.4.5 Availability of formalized protocols for unused medication disposal; 3.5 Feasibility of take-back programmes for unused medication; 3.6 Management of pharmaceutical waste at take-back depots; 3.7 The "best" method for the disposal of unused medications?; 3.8 Conclusions; References; Chapter 4: Detection and presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment; 4.1 Overview; 4.2 Environmental detection of pharmaceuticals; 4.3 Sample collection; 4.3.1 To silanize or not to silanize-that is the sample container ; 4.3.2 Modes and frequency of sampling4.3.3 Sample storage conditions and preservation techniques; 4.3.4 Sample filtration; 4.4 Sample extraction; 4.4.1 Solid-phase extraction; 4.4.2 Liquid-liquid extraction; 4.5 Chromatographic separation of environmental sample extracts; 4.6 Mass spectrometric detection and quantitation; 4.6.1 Forms of output from LC-MS/MS; 4.6.2 Identification and quantification of an analyte; 4.6.3 Limits of detection; 4.6.4 Extraction recovery efficiency and matrix effect; 4.7 Environmental concentrations of some common pharmaceuticals; 4.8 Summary; References ; Chapter 5: Impact of pharmaceuticals on the environment
• Titolo autorizzato: The life-cycle of pharmaceuticals in the environment
• ISBN: 1-908818-45-X
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910821076903321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Woodhead Publishing series in biomedicine ; ; Number 51.