Microbial pathogenesis : infection and immunity / / edited by Uday Kishore

• Pubblicazione: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021]; ©2021
• Edizione: 2nd ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (299 pages)
• Disciplina: 616.9
• Soggetto topico: Communicable diseases; Microorganismes patògens; Malalties dels infants
• Soggetto genere / forma: Llibres electrònics
• Persona (resp. second.): KishoreUday
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editor -- Uday Kishore is a teacher and a scientist with special interest in innate immunity. He was the Founder Director of the Centre for Infection, Immunity and Disease Mechanisms, Brunel University London. He earned his BSc from S.P. Jain Coll -- 1: Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 HPV Genome -- 3 HPV Infection -- 4 HPV Transmission -- 5 HPV Detection -- 6 HPV-Related Cancers -- 6.1 Cervical Cancer -- 6.2 Anal Cancer -- 6.3 Vulvar and Vaginal Cancers -- 6.4 Head and Neck Cancers -- 6.5 Penile Cancer -- 6.6 Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis -- 6.7 HPV-Induced Warts -- 6.8 Epidermodyplasia verruciformis -- 7 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- 2: Mechanisms of Immune Evasion by Ebola Virus -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Morphology of Ebola Virus -- 3 Endocytic Pathways Involved in Ebola Virus Entry -- 4 Replication, Assembly and Budding of Ebola Virus -- 5 Pathogenesis of Ebola Virus -- 6 Genome Organization of Ebola Virus -- 7 Ebola Virus Proteins -- 8 Host Immune Evasion by Ebola Virus -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- 3: Innate Immune Response Against HIV-1 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mucosal Immunity and HIV-1 -- 2.1 Dual Roles of Dendritic Cells and Langerhans' Cells: DC-SIGN and Langerin -- 2.2 Role of Monocytes and Macrophages -- 2.3 Role of Natural Killer Cells -- 3 Complement and HIV-1 Infection -- 4 Protective Role of Surfactant Protein D Against HIV-1 -- 5 Innate Cytokines and Chemokines in HIV-1 Infection -- 6 Anti-HIV-1 Innate Immunity by Peptide Antibiotics in Female Reproductive Tracts -- 7 Feto-Maternal Vertical Transmission of HIV-1 -- 8 Mucosal Defence Factors in Clinical Trials -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- 4: Current Insights into the Host Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections -- 1 Background. ; 2 Innate Immunity Against Respiratory Viral Infection -- 2.1 Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) -- 2.2 Retinoic Acid Inducible Gene-I (RIG-I)-like Receptors (RLRs) -- 2.3 Virus-Induced Inflammasomes -- 2.3.1 NLRP3 Inflammasome and Respiratory Viruses -- 2.3.2 RIG-I Inflammasome -- 2.3.3 AIM2 Inflammasome -- 2.4 Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase (cGAS) Sensing of Virus -- 3 Adaptive Immunity Against Respiratory Viral Infection -- 3.1 T Cell Responses -- 3.2 B Cell Responses -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- 5: Immune Responses to MERS-CoV in Humans and Animals -- 1 MERS-CoV -- 2 Adaptive Immune Responses to MERS-CoV in Camels -- 2.1 Antibodies Against MERS-CoV in Camels -- 2.2 Camelid Maternal Antibodies Against MERS-CoV -- 2.3 Re-infection and Protection -- 2.4 Cellular Immune Responses -- 3 Immunity of MERS-CoV in Other Animal Models -- 3.1 Mouse Models -- 3.2 Transduced Mice -- 3.3 Transgenic Mice -- 3.4 Non-human Primates -- 3.5 Rhesus Macaques -- 3.6 Common Marmosets -- 3.7 Rabbits -- 3.8 Alpacas -- 4 Immune Response to MERS-CoV Infection in Humans -- 4.1 Innate Immune Response -- 4.2 Antibody Responses -- 4.3 Cell Mediated Immunity -- References -- 6: SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenic Mechanisms and Host Immune Response -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Structural Organization of SARS-CoV-2 -- 3 Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 -- 4 Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 -- 5 Clinical Aspects of COVID-19 -- 6 Pathogenesis of COVID-19 -- 6.1 SARS-CoV-2 Attachment and Entry -- 6.2 SARS-CoV-2 Genome Translation, Replication, Assembly and Release -- 7 Host Immune Response Against SARS-CoV-2 -- 7.1 Innate Immune Response -- 7.2 Cytokine Storm -- 7.3 Complement Associated Pathogenesis -- 7.4 Adaptive Immune Response -- 8 Increased Susceptibility to SARS-COV-2 in Men -- 9 Repurposing Drugs in COVID-19. ; 10 Neutralizing Antibodies and Passive Immunization (Convalescent Plasma Therapy) -- 11 Type 1 Interferon Treatment Against COVID-19 -- 12 Vaccination Strategies for COVID-19 -- 12.1 Viral Vector Vaccines -- 12.1.1 Ad5-nCoV Vaccine -- 12.1.2 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 -- 12.1.3 Sputnik V -- 12.2 Inactivated Vaccine Candidates -- 12.2.1 BBIBP-CorV -- 12.2.2 PiCoVacc -- 12.3 Nucleic Acid Vaccine Candidates -- 12.3.1 mRNA 1273 (RNA Vaccine Candidate) -- 12.3.2 BNT162 (RNA Vaccine Candidate) -- 12.3.3 DNA Vaccine -- 12.3.4 INO-4800 -- 12.4 Protein-based vaccines -- 13 Perspectives -- References -- 7: Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms and Their Transmission in Acinetobacter baumannii -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Mechanisms of Resistance Acquisition -- 2.1 Resistance Islands -- 2.2 Insertion Sequences and Transposons -- 2.3 Integrons -- 3 Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance -- 4 Molecular Mechanisms of Resistance: β-Lactamases -- 5 Multidrug Efflux Systems -- 6 Porins -- 7 Target Modification: PBPs -- 8 Target Modification: Ribosomes -- 9 Target Modification: DNA Replication Enzymes -- 10 Target Modification: Lipid A -- 11 Future Treatment Perspectives: Combination Therapies and Resistance Inhibitors -- 11.1 β-Lactam/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations (BL/BLI) -- 12 Future Treatment Perspectives: Vaccines, Bacteriophage and Phytochemicals -- References -- 8: Pathogenesis and Host Immune Response in Leprosy -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Classification and Clinical Features of Leprosy -- 2.1 Classification Based on Clinical Prognosis -- 2.2 Five Group Classification System by Ridley and Jopling -- 2.3 Classification Based on Leprosy Reactions -- 2.3.1 Type 1 Reaction -- 2.3.2 Type 2 Reaction -- 3 Pathogenesis -- 3.1 Cellular Morphology and Genome of M. leprae -- 3.2 Incubation Period and Susceptibility. ; 3.3 M. laprae Transmission and Interaction with the Host -- 4 Host Immune Response to M. leprae -- 4.1 Microenvironment of the Granuloma -- 4.2 Tuberculoid Granuloma -- 4.3 Lepromatous Granuloma -- 4.4 Role of Cytokines in Th1/Th2 Paradigm -- 5 Animal Models in Leprosy -- 6 Conclusion and Perspectives -- References -- 9: Innate Immune Pattern Recognition Receptors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Nature and Consequences for Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Collectins and Mycobacteria -- 3 Complement and Mycobacteria -- 4 Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) and Mycobacteria -- 5 Other PRRs and Mycobacteria -- 5.1 Dendritic Cell-Associated C-Type Lectin (Dectin) -- 5.1.1 Dectin-1 -- 5.1.2 Dectin-2 -- 5.2 Macrophage-Inducible C-Type Lectin (Mincle) -- 5.3 Macrophage C-Type Lectin (MCL) -- 5.4 Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin (DC-SIGN) -- 5.5 NOD-like Receptors (NLRs) -- 5.6 Mannose Receptor (MR) -- 5.7 CD14 -- 6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 10: Vaccination Strategies Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: BCG and Beyond -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Host Genetic Makeup in TB Resistance and Susceptibility -- 3 Malnutrition, Immunometabolism and Susceptibility to TB -- 4 Mtb Antigenic Virulence Factors and Vaccine Strategies -- 4.1 Mtb Sulphate Assimilation Pathway Immunogen in Pre-Clinical Vaccines -- 4.2 Mtb Subdominant-Weak Antigens as TB Protective Vaccine Candidates -- 4.3 M. smegmatis Pre-clinical Vaccine -- 4.4 Dendritic Cell Immune Vaccine Candidate -- 4.5 TB Vaccine, Innate Immune Adjuvants, and TLR Control of the Adaptive Immunity -- 5 TB Vaccines in Clinical Trials, BCG and Recombinant BCG Neonate Immunity -- 5.1 Clinical TB Vaccine Development -- 5.2 Hybrid/BCG Vaccines for Adult Population -- 5.3 Next Generation Vaccine Candidates for Neonate Protection. ; 6 Progress and Challenge of TB Vaccines -- 6.1 H4:IC31 Hybrid Subunit Fusion Vaccine for Adults -- 6.2 Recombinant MTBVAC -- 6.3 Recombinant BCG VPM1002 Vaccine -- 6.4 rBCGΔureC::hly ΔnuoG rBCG Vaccine -- 6.5 BCG Vaccine as an Adjuvant Model -- 7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 11: Candida Pathogenicity and Interplay with the Immune System -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Candida Infections -- 1.2 Inflammatory Diseases -- 2 Candida Species -- 2.1 Candida albicans -- 2.2 Candida tropicalis -- 2.3 Candida auris -- 2.4 Candida parapsilosis -- 2.5 Candida glabrata -- 3 Candida Infections: Pathogenesis and Virulence Factors -- 3.1 Morphological Changes and Host Invasion -- 3.2 Biofilm Formation -- 3.3 Virulent Molecules of C. albicans -- 4 Immune Sensing of Candida -- 4.1 Innate Immunity -- 4.1.1 Anti-Microbial Peptides (AMPs) -- 4.1.2 Dendritic Cells (DC) -- 4.1.3 Macrophages -- 4.1.4 Neutrophils -- 4.1.5 The Complement System -- 4.2 Adaptive Immunity -- 4.2.1 T-Lymphocytes -- 4.2.2 B-Lymphocytes -- 4.3 Nutritional Immunity -- 5 Immune Evasion by Candida -- 5.1 Proteolytic Activity on Immune Molecules -- 5.2 Hijacking Complement Regulators -- 5.3 Blocking Immune Receptors and Chemotactic Effects -- 5.4 Candida Mediated Lysis of Macrophages -- 5.5 Host Immune Evasion by Candida Biofilms -- 5.6 Modulation of Nutritional Immunity -- 6 Treatment and Antifungal Resistance -- 7 Vaccines and Immunotherapy for Candida -- 8 Conclusion -- References -- 12: Immune Responses in Malaria and Vaccine Strategies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Malaria Immunity and Vaccines -- 2.1 Blood Stage Malaria Vaccines -- 2.2 RTS,S Malaria Vaccine -- 3 PfSPZ SanariaR Vaccine -- 3.1 PfSPZ Vaccine Against Heterogeneous Malaria -- 3.2 PfSPZ Vaccine Mediated Protection Against Malaria during Transmission Seasons in Endemic Regions. ; 3.3 IgM-Mediated Inhibition of PfSPZ Hepatocyte Invasion.6
• Titolo autorizzato: Microbial pathogenesis
• ISBN: 3-030-67452-5
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910506381903321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology