Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Saul I. Gass, Michael C. Fu

• Pubblicazione: New York, NY : , : Springer US : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2013
• Edizione: 3rd ed. 2013.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (225 illus., 38 illus. in color. eReference.)
• Disciplina: 658.40301
• Soggetto topico: Operations research; Decision making; Production management; Calculus of variations; Mathematical models; Operations Research/Decision Theory; Operations Management; Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control; Optimization; Mathematical Modeling and Industrial Mathematics
• Persona (resp. second.): GassSaul I; FuMichael C
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Editors -- Preface -- What are Operations Research and Management Science? -- Second Edition -- Third Edition -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- Advisory Board Members -- Contributors -- A -- A* Algorithm -- See -- References -- Acceptance Sampling -- Acceptance-Rejection Method -- See -- Accounting Prices -- Accreditation -- Active Constraint -- See -- Active Set Methods -- Activity -- See -- Activity Level -- See -- Activity-Analysis Problem -- See -- Acyclic Network -- See -- Adjacent -- See -- Adjacent (Neighboring) Extreme Points -- Advertising -- Introduction -- Sales-Advertising Relationship -- Optimal Advertising Policy -- Competition -- Over-Time Effects -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Affiliated Values Bidding Model -- See -- Affine Transformation -- Affine-Scaling Algorithm -- See -- Agency Theory -- Agent -- See -- References -- Agent-Based Simulation -- Introduction -- Elements of Agent-Based Simulation -- Agents -- Agents and Behavior -- ABS and Space -- ABS and Time -- ABS and Emergence -- Agent-Based Simulation Applications -- Agent-Based Simulation Development -- ABS Design -- ABS Toolkits -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Agriculture and the Food Industry -- See -- References -- AHP -- AI -- Air Force Operations Analysis -- Air Force Operations Research -- Introduction -- World War II in the 1940s -- Post-World War II and the Korean War in the 1950s -- Force Structure Analysis and Vietnam in the 1960s -- The Cold War in the 1970s and 1980s -- The Middle East Wars in the 1990s through 2010 -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Air Traffic Management -- Introduction -- Air Traffic Flow Management Background -- Basic Decision Problems and Optimization Models -- The (Single) Flight Planning Problem -- Arrival Sequencing Problem -- The Slot Assignment Problem -- Slot_Assign. ; CDM and Resource Allocation and Exchange -- CDM Resource Allocation -- Slot Trading Models -- Modeling Equity and Equity Efficiency Tradeoffs -- Resource Allocation Based on User Supplied Priorities -- Large-Scale Deterministic Optimization Models -- Stochastic Models -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Airline Industry Operations Research -- Introduction -- Flight Scheduling Planning -- Fleet Assignment -- Yield Management -- Crew Scheduling -- Aircraft Maintenance Routing -- Schedule Recovery -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Algebraic Modeling Languages for Optimization -- Introduction -- Background and Motivation -- Advantages -- Alternatives -- Extensions -- See -- References -- Algorithm -- See -- Algorithmic Complexity -- Alternate Optima -- See -- Alternate Paths -- See -- AMPL -- References -- Analytic Combat Model -- See -- Analytic Hierarchy Process -- Introduction -- The Fundamental Scale -- Absolute and Relative Measurement and Structural Information -- Comments on Cost-Benefit Analysis -- The Eigenvector Solution for Weights and Consistency -- How to Structure a Hierarchy -- Hierarchic Synthesis and Rank -- Examples -- Relative Measurement: Choosing the Best House -- Absolute Measurement: Evaluating Employees for Raises -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Analytic Network Process -- Introduction -- Feedback Networks -- The Supermatrix of a Feedback System -- The Control Hierarchy -- Drug-Marketing Decision -- See -- References -- Analytics -- Animation -- ANP -- Ant Colony Optimization -- See -- References -- Anticycling Rules -- See -- Antithetic Random Variates -- Applied Probability -- See -- Approximate Dynamic Programming -- Introduction -- Problem Setting -- Value Function and the Optimality Equation -- Two Approaches -- Successful Applications -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Arc. ; See -- Archimedean Axiom -- ARIMA -- See -- Army Operations Research -- Arrival Process -- See -- Arrival-Point Distribution -- Arrow Diagram -- See -- Artificial Intelligence -- Introduction -- AI as Search -- AI as Logic -- Further Reading -- See -- References -- Artificial Variables -- See -- Assignment Problem -- See -- References -- Auction and Bidding Models -- Introduction -- Environments Modeled -- Auction Forms -- Revenue Maximization -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Automation in Manufacturing and Services -- Introduction -- Automated Manufacturing -- Services -- Implementation: Human and Organizational Dimensions -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Availability -- See -- References -- Averch-Johnson Hyphothesis -- B -- Backward Chaining -- See -- Backward Kolmogorov Equations -- See -- Backward-Recurrence Time -- Balance Equations -- See -- Balking -- See -- Bandit Model -- Banking -- Introduction -- Pricing Contingent Cashflows -- Portfolio Immunization -- Portfolio Diversification -- See -- References -- Bar Chart -- Barrier Functions and their Modifications -- Introduction -- Barrier Functions -- Modified Barrier Functions -- See -- References -- Basic Feasible Solution -- See -- Basic Solution -- See -- Basic Variables -- See -- Basis -- See -- Basis Inverse -- See -- Basis Vector -- See -- Batch Shops -- Battle Modeling -- Introduction -- Battle Model Classification -- Attrition Laws -- Dimension, Data, and Output -- Verification, Validation, and Accreditation -- Other Controversies -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Bayes Rule -- See -- Bayesian Decision Theory, Subjective Probability, and Utility -- Introduction -- Subjective Probability -- Bayes Rule -- Other Interpretations of The Probability Calculus -- Utility Theory -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Beale Tableau -- See. ; Bellman Equation -- Bellman Optimality Equation -- See -- Benders Decomposition Method -- See -- Best-Fit Decreasing Algorithm -- Bidding Models -- Big M Method -- See -- Bilevel Linear Programming -- See -- References -- Binary Variable -- See -- Bin-Packing -- 0 Introduction -- 0 Problem Definition -- 0 Characterizations of Bin-Packing Algorithms -- 0 Theoretical Studies -- 0 Some One-Dimensional Packing Heuristics -- 0 Some Multi-Dimensional Packing Heuristics -- 0.0 Two-Dimensional Packing -- 0.0 Three-Dimensional Packing -- 0.0 Recent Theoretical Studies of Multi-Dimensional Packing -- 0 Parallel Algorithms -- 0 See -- References -- Bipartite Graph -- See -- Birth-Death Process -- Bland´s Anticycling Rules -- See -- References -- Blending Problem -- See -- Block Pivoting -- See -- Block-Angular System -- See -- Block-Triangular Matrix -- See -- Bonferroni Inequality -- Bootstrapping -- See -- Bootstrapping: Resampling Methodology -- Introduction -- The Bootstrap Method -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Bounded Rationality -- See -- References -- Bounded Variable -- See -- Branch -- See -- Branch and Bound -- See -- Brownian Motion -- See -- BTRAN -- See -- Buffer -- See -- Bulk Queues -- See -- Bullwhip Effect -- Burke´s Theorem -- See -- Business Intelligence -- Introduction -- BI Input Software -- BI Outputs: Dashboards and Reports -- BI Architecture -- Business Analytics -- Integrating Analytics and BI -- Competitive Intelligence -- References -- Busy Period -- See -- C -- Calculus of Variations -- Introduction -- Brachistochrone Problem -- Multipliers -- Duality -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Call and Contact Centers -- Introduction -- Inbound Systems -- Creating Agent Schedules -- Outbound Systems -- Blended Systems -- Operational Trends and Research Opportunities -- Forecasting and Workload Requirements. ; Scheduling -- Resource Acquisition -- Use of Real-Time Data -- Performance of Outbound Systems -- Research Data -- Call Routing -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Call Priorities -- See -- Candidate Rules -- See -- Capacitated Transportation Problem -- See -- Capital Budgeting -- Introduction -- Capital Budgeting Under Capital Rationing -- Fractional Projects -- Dual Linear Programming and Capital Budgeting -- Finding the ``Right´´ Discount Factors -- Alternative Capital Budgeting Models -- See -- References -- CASE -- See -- CDF -- Center for Naval Analyses -- Introduction -- World War II -- Post-War Period -- Defense Management -- Center for Naval Analyses -- Military Buildup -- New World Order -- See -- References -- Certainty Equivalence -- See -- References -- Certainty Factor -- See -- Chain -- See -- Chance Constraint -- See -- Chance-Constrained Programming -- See -- References -- Chaos -- Chapman-Kolmogorov Equations -- See -- Characteristic Function -- Chinese Postman Problem -- Variations of The Chinese Postman Problem -- See -- References -- Choice Strategies -- See -- Choice Theory -- Introduction -- Bounded Rationality -- Prospect Theory -- Choice Strategies -- Recognition-Primed Decision Making (RPD) and Image Theory -- Concluding Remarks -- See -- References -- Chromatic Number -- See -- Chromosome -- See -- CIM -- See -- Circling -- Classical Optimization -- Closed Network -- See -- Closed-Loop Supply Chains -- Introduction -- Closed-Loop Supply Chains (CLSC) -- Should an OEM Remanufacture? -- CLSC Network Design -- CLSC OR Applications -- See -- References -- Cluster Analysis -- Introduction -- Applications of Cluster Analysis -- Clustering Techniques -- Issues of Concern -- See -- References -- Cobb-Douglas Production Function -- COEA -- See -- Coefficient of Variation -- Cognitive Mapping -- See -- Coherent System. ; COIN-OR Computational Infrastructure for Operations Research.
• Sommario/riassunto: The goal of the Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science is to provide decision makers and problem solvers in business, industry, government, and academia a comprehensive overview of the wide range of ideas, methodologies, and synergistic forces that combine to form the preeminent decision-aiding fields of operations research and management science (OR/MS). The impact of OR/MS on the quality of life and economic well being of everyone is a story that deserves to be told in its full detail and glory. The Encyclopedia of Operations Research and Management Science is the prologue to that story. The editors, working with the Encyclopedia’s Editorial Advisory Board, surveyed and divided OR/MS into specific topics that collectively encompass the foundations, applications, and emerging elements of this ever-changing field. We also wanted to establish the close associations that OR/MS has maintained with other scientific endeavors, with special emphasis on its symbiotic relationships with computer science, information systems, and mathematics. Based on our broad view of OR/MS, we enlisted a distinguished international group of academics and practitioners to contribute articles on subjects for which they are renowned. We commissioned over 200 major expository articles and complemented them by numerous descriptions, discussions, definitions, and abbreviations. The connections between topics are highlighted by an entry’s final “See” statement, as appropriate. Each article provides a background or history of the topic, describes relevant applications, overviews present and future trends, and lists seminal and current references. To allow for variety in exposition, the authors were instructed to present their material from their research and applied perspectives. In particular, the authors, each of whom is a leading authority on the particular subject, were allowed to use whatever mathematical notation they felt was standard for their topics. The Encyclopedia’s intended audience is technically diverse and wide; it includes anyone concerned with the science, techniques, and ideas of how one makes decisions. As this audience encompasses many professions, educational background and skills, we were attentive to the form, format, and scope of the articles. Thus, the articles are designed to serve as initial sources of information for all such readers, with special emphasis on the needs of students.
• Altri titoli varianti: Centennial Edition
• Titolo autorizzato: Encyclopedia of operations research and management science
• ISBN: 1-78539-596-3; 1-4419-1153-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910438078603321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II