Dual-use technologies and export administration in the post-Cold War era : documents from a joint program of the National Academy of Sciences and the Russian Academy of Sciences / / Office of International Affairs, National Research Council

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, c1994
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (230 p.)
• Disciplina: 382.456
• Soggetto topico: Technology transfer - Russia (Federation); Technology transfer - United States; Export controls - Russia (Federation); Export controls - United States; Disarmament - Economic aspects - Russia (Federation)
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di contenuto: Dual-Use Technologies and Export Administration in the Post-Cold War Era -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- Contents -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT ADMINISTRATION IN THE POST-COLD WAR ERA A Joint Statement of the U... -- JOINT STATEMENT OF THE DELEGATIONS OF THE RAS AND NAS ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT ADMINISTRATION -- PREAMBLE -- INTRODUCTION -- Export Administration -- Defense Conversion -- Brain Drain -- Sustaining Russian Science and Technology -- ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE UNITED STATES -- National Security -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- Confidence Building -- ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION -- National Security -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- Confidence Building -- PROPOSED RECOMMENDATIONS -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- National Security Concerns -- Confidence Building -- COMPLETE TEXT OF "ISSUES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION -- National Security -- Access to Technology of Proliferation Concern -- Confidence Building -- COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR MULTILATERAL EXPORT CONTROLS (COCOM) -- NUCLEAR SUPPLIERS GROUP -- THE AUSTRALIA GROUP -- CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS -- MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME -- Papers Presented at the Third U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy of Sciences Joint Mee... -- HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING: CONTROLLABILITY AND COOPERATION -- INTRODUCTION -- CONTROLLABILITY OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SYSTEMS -- Trends in HPC -- HPC TRENDS IN THE UNITED STATES -- HPC TRENDS IN THE SOVIET UNION/RUSSIA -- Controllability of HPC -- INTEL PARALLEL SYSTEMS -- TRANSPUTER-BASED SYSTEMS -- RS/6000 CLUSTERS -- Controlling the Acquisition of HPC -- A FRAMEWORK FOR CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES -- Application Domains -- Institutional Arrangements. ; Technologies and Measures for Control and Monitoring -- HARD CONTROLS -- SOFT CONTROLS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- References -- AN ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTROLLABILITY OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES -- INTRODUCTION -- OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES -- Applications -- INNOVATION PATHS -- Vertical, Technical Sequence -- Horizontal, Managerial Sequence -- CONTROLLABILITY CONSIDERATIONS FOR OPTOELECTRONICS -- Fundamental Science Phase -- CONCLUSION -- Optoelectronic Device Fabrication Phase -- RESEARCH PHASE -- CONCLUSION -- TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND SCALE-UP PHASE -- CONCLUSION -- Incorporation of Optoelectronic Devices in Equipment -- CONCLUSION -- Inventory Tracking and End-Use Verification -- CONCLUSION -- OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- OVERALL CONCLUSIONS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION -- ENDNOTE-SOME EXAMPLES OF POSSIBLE OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH COLLABORATIONS IN OPTOELECTRONICS -- AMERICAN CONTRIBUTION FOR THE JOINT PAPER OF THE U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - RUSSIAN ACADEMY... -- INTRODUCTION -- HPSM DEFINITION AND DISCUSSION -- Characteristics of HPSM -- HPSM Products Enablers -- HPSM Technology Acquisitions -- Framework for Confidence (Trust) Building -- HPSM Control -- A Possible Transition Model for Hard to Soft HPSM Control -- RUSSIAN CONTRIBUTION FOR THE JOINT PAPER OF THE U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES - RUSSIAN ACADEMY... -- INTRODUCTION -- PROGRAM STRUCTURE -- Electronics of Organic Materials -- Organic and Inorganic Ferromagnets -- Development of Highly Sensitive Photoresists Based On Polyfunctional Polymers -- Development of Polymer Compositions for Photochemical Etching of Metallic Films -- Conjugated Polymers As Electroconducting and Electrochromic Materials -- Transport Properties of Conducting Polymers and Carbon-Containing Materials. ; Carbon and Metallocarbon Clusters (Fullerenes) -- Photorefractive Crystals for Highly Sensitive High-Speed Optical Processing -- Nonlinear Optical Materials for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) -- Gas Transducers Based on Organic Semiconductors -- Organosiloxanes Binders and Film-Forming Materials -- Theoretical Investigation of the Characteristics of a Charge: Carrier Transport in Polymer Matrices -- A Study on Multicomponent Functional Optical Ceramics Based on Metal Fluorides -- HIGH-PRECISION WEAPONS AS A PHENOMENON OF THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY -- HIGH-PRECISION WEAPONS -- THESIS OF A SPEECH ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPORT CONTROL -- CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE PROBLEM OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGY -- A BINOCULAR VIEW OF THE ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: TWO IS ENOUGH TO HAVE A FIGHT -- ... -- Papers Presented at the Second National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy of Sciences Joint Meetin... -- A CONCEPTUAL APPROACH TO ADDRESSING DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: A FRAMEWORK FOR U.S.-RUSSIAN DIALOGUE -- CROSS-CUTTING THEMES -- DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFUSION OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES -- BUILDING CONFIDENCE AND AVOIDING SURPRISES AMONG NATIONS -- Movement of Technical Specialists -- Encouraging Openness in Basic Research -- Separation of Research for Civilian and for Military Purposes -- Case Studies of Dual-use Technologies -- Reports by Industrial Enterprises -- Economic Aspects of Conversion -- Trends in Export Control -- Verification Schemes for Monitoring Dual-Use Technologies -- Lists of Important Technologies -- SETTING THE STAGE FOR FUTURE ACTIVITIES -- JOINT CONCEPT OF U.S. AND RUSSIAN PROVISIONS FOR THE ENSURANCE OF GLOBAL STABILITY UNDER CONDITIONS... -- PREAMBLE -- A New Megatrend of the 1990s: Transition from the Arms Race to Defense Sufficiency -- Bipolar Strategic Arrangement Preservation as a Geopolitical Imperative. ; Expansion of the "Nuclear Club -- Multipolar Geostrategic Set Up - A Way to Apocalypse -- Are Nukes the First Strategic Priority for Technologically Advanced States? -- THE MAIN PRINCIPLES OF SECURING THE WORLD'S STRATEGIC STABILITY BY THE UNITED STATES AND RUSSIA -- MAIN TYPES OF STRATEGICALLY DANGEROUS ARMAMENTS -- THE MOST IMPORTANT TECHNOLOGIES TO BE RESTRICTED FOR TRANSFER TO OTHER COUNTRIES -- BASIC MEASURES TO PREVENT UNCONTROLLED "BRAIN DRAIN" FROM THE FORMERSOVIET UNION -- BASIC TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR CONTROLLING THE EXPORT OF DUAL-USE PRODUCTS -- SPHERES AND FORMS OF INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC CONTROL -- AUSTRALIA GROUP -- CONTROL OF MISSILE PROLIFERATION -- RUSSIA AND MISSILE PROLIFERATION -- BASIC CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- CONTROL OF DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: A BUSINESSMAN'S RECOMMENDATION FOR PRESERVING THE MILITARY AND ECO... -- INTRODUCTION -- Commercial Sector -- Defense Sector -- WHAT ARE DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES? -- THE FOUNDATION OF U.S. DEFENSE STRATEGY -- Strategic Deterrence and Defense -- Crisis Response -- MEDIUM-SCALE COOPERATIVE ENGAGEMENTS -- UNILATERAL SMALL SCALE ACTION -- THE U.S. DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE -- Pure Defense Companies -- Companies Engaged in Both Commercial and Defense Work -- Companies Which Supply Commercial Off the Shelf Products to DOD -- THE JUSTIFICATION FOR ESTABLISHING IN RUSSIA A COMMISSION ON NON-PROLIFERATION OF POTENTIALLY STRATE... -- REQUIREMENTS FOR LEADING EXPERTS OF THE COMMISSIONS OF THE RUSSIAN CABINET OF MINISTERS ON CONTAINME... -- MAIN GOALS OF THE PROPOSED COMMISSIONS OF THE CABINET OF RUSSIAN MINISTERS ON THE CONTAINMENT OF POT ... -- APPLICATION OF VERIFICATION TO DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGY EXPORT CONTROLSAND RELATED ISSUES -- PURPOSE OF THIS SESSION -- SUMMARY OF POINTS TO BE COVERED -- TRENDS OF DEFENSE INDUSTRY. ; WHAT IS CURRENT COMMERCE DEPARTMENT APPROACH TO DUAL-USE EXPORT CONTROLS? -- NEW THINKING" ON DUAL-USE EXPORT CONTROLS: KEY ISSUES -- ISSUES ON VERIFICATION OF END USE CONTROLS -- EXAMPLES FROM THE MISSILE TECHNOLOGY CONTROL REGIME -- Current Indigenous Production Capabilities -- Indigenous Capabilities Ten Years in the Future -- Summary of Controllability -- Key Missile-Specific Resources and Technologies -- Dual-Use Technologies -- CRITICAL PROFESSIONS AND CATEGORIES OF SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS, PRINCIPLES OF THE PROFESSIONAL AND SOCIAL MOTIVATION OF... -- CASE STUDIES -- THE NEED FOR CASE STUDIES -- PROSPECTIVE TOPICS -- HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING -- Movement of Technical Specialists and "Brain Drain -- Conversion and Confidence-Building -- Diversions and Confidence-Building -- Verification and Monitoring Mechanisms [1,4,6] -- Controls to Third Countries -- REFERENCES: -- ECONOMIC INCENTIVES, CONVERSION, AND DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES: THE CASE OF RUSSIA -- THE ECONOMIC PROBLEM -- THE RUSSIAN CASE -- Old Product-Old Customer -- Old Product-New Customer -- New Product-Old Customer -- New Product-New Customer -- INFORMAL MECHANISMS -- RESEARCH TASKS -- RECENT POLICY ON CONVERSION -- LAW ON CONVERSION -- Continued Arms Production -- Arms Exports -- Industrial Policy Contracts -- Production for the Commercial Civilian Market -- ARMS EXPORTS -- APPENDIX I Participants and Agenda for the Third U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy... -- AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS -- RUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS -- OTHER EXPERTS AND OBSERVERS -- AGENDATHIRD U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOINT MEETING ON DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES DECEMBER... -- APPENDIX II Participants, Agenda, and Initial Framework for the Second U.S. National Academy of Sciences-Russian Academy... -- RUSSIAN PARTICIPANTS -- AMERICAN PARTICIPANTS -- OTHER EXPERTS AND OBSERVERS. ; AGENDA SECOND U.S. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES-RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES JOINT MEETING ON DUAL-USE.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book arises from a joint NAS-Russian Academy of Sciences program to explore possible new approaches to the control of sensitive dual-use technologies, with respect to expanded trade between Western advanced industrialized countries and the republics of the former Soviet Union as well as to the export trade of the Russian and other CIS republics with countries of proliferation concern.
• Altri titoli varianti: Dual-use technologies and export control in the post-Cold War era
• Titolo autorizzato: Dual-use technologies and export administration in the post-Cold War era
• ISBN: 9786610211296; 9781280211294; 1280211296; 9780309586351; 0309586356; 9780585084855; 0585084858
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910960995203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II