Mechanical Harvest of Fresh Market Apples : Progress over the Past Decades

• Autore: Zhang Zhao
• Pubblicazione: Singapore : , : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, , 2021; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (150 pages)
• Soggetto genere / forma: Electronic books.
• Altri autori: ZhangZhaohua IgathinathaneCannayen WangYingkuan AmpatzidisYiannis LiuGang
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Series Book Editor Preface -- Preface -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- 1 Technology Evolvement in Mechanical Harvest of Fresh Market Apples -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Bulk Harvesting -- 1.2.1 Shake-And-Catch Method -- 1.2.2 Combing Approach -- 1.2.3 Rod Press Principle -- 1.2.4 Air Jet Mechanism -- 1.3 Harvest Robot -- 1.3.1 Apple Detection -- 1.3.2 Apple Localization -- 1.3.3 End-Effector -- 1.3.4 Integrated Apple Harvest Robots -- 1.4 Harvest Platform -- 1.5 Conclusion -- References -- 2 Design, Test, and Improvement of a Low-Cost Fresh Market Apple Harvest-Assist Unit -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Materials and Methods -- 2.2.1 Integration of the Low-Cost Apple Harvest-Assist Unit -- 2.2.2 Field Tests -- 2.3 Resutls and Discussion -- 2.3.1 First Year Field Test Results -- 2.3.2 Second Year Field Test Results -- 2.4 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Economic Evaluation of a Low-Cost Fresh Market Apple Harvest-Assist Unit -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Materials and Methods -- 3.2.1 Brief Introduction to the Low-Cost Apple Harvest-Assist Unit -- 3.2.2 Basic Parameters Used for Economic Analysis -- 3.2.3 Annual Costs of the Unit -- 3.2.4 Annual Cost Savings by the Unit -- 3.2.5 Orchard Area Threshold -- 3.3 Resutls and Discussion -- 3.3.1 Cost Savings from Increased Harvest Efficiency -- 3.3.2 Cost Savings from Decreased Occupational Injuries -- 3.3.3 Cost Savings from Improved Working Efficiencies in PTT -- 3.3.4 Cost Savings from Avoiding Ladder Use -- 3.3.5 Net Benefits Based on Orchard Area and Yields for a Harvest-Assist Unit -- 3.3.6 Unit Quantity Needed and Benefits for Different Orchard Areas and Yields -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Ergonomic Analysis of a Low-Cost Fresh Market Apple Harvest-Assist Unit -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and Methods. ; 4.2.1 General Introduction to the Low-Cost Fresh Market Apple Harvest-Assist Unit -- 4.2.2 Rapid Upper Limb Assessment Method and Rating Procedure -- 4.2.3 Ladder-Bucket Harvest Approach -- 4.2.4 Low-Cost Harvest-Assist Unit for Apple Harvesting -- 4.2.5 Combined Method (Conventional + harvest-Assist Unit) -- 4.3 Results and Discussion -- 4.3.1 Conventional Ladder-Bucket Harvest Approach -- 4.3.2 Harvest Platform Evaluation Results -- 4.3.3 Combined Method Evaluation Results -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Development, Evaluation and Improvement of Apple Infield Grading and Sorting Systems -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Materials and Methods -- 5.2.1 Apple Singulation and Rotation Sub-system -- 5.2.2 Grading Sub-system -- 5.2.3 Rotary Sorter -- 5.2.4 Paddle Sorter -- 5.2.5 Laboratory Tests of the Apple Infield Grading and Sorting System -- 5.3 Results and Discussion -- 5.3.1 Apple Bruising -- 5.3.2 Machine Vision System Repeatability -- 5.3.3 Sorting Accuracy -- 5.3.4 Comparison with Other Research -- 5.4 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Development, Test, and Improvement of an Infield Use Bin Filler -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Materials and Methods -- 6.2.1 First Version Bin Filler -- 6.2.2 Second Version Bin Filer -- 6.2.3 Quantification of Apples Distributions in the Bin -- 6.2.4 Apple Bruising Evaluation -- 6.2.5 Evaluation of Apple Distribution -- 6.3 Resutls and Discussion -- 6.3.1 Apple Bruising Evaluation Results -- 6.3.2 Apple Distribution Evaluation -- 6.4 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Economic Analysis of an Apple Harvest and Infield Sorting Machine -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and Methods -- 7.2.1 Apple Harvest and Infield Sorting Machine -- 7.2.2 Annual Machine Cost Estimation -- 7.2.3 Annual Cost Savings on Harvest Labor -- 7.3 Resutls and Discussion -- 7.3.1 Annual Machine Cost -- 7.3.2 Benefits for Fresh Market Apple Growers. ; 7.3.3 Benefits for Processing Apple Growers -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- 8 Comparison and Evaluation of Apple Harvesting Process Under Different Harvest Methods -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Materials and Methods -- 8.2.1 Introduction to Three Apple Harvest Methods -- 8.2.2 Field data Collection and Basic Orchard Information -- 8.2.3 General Harvesting Process Analysis -- 8.2.4 Picking and Non-picking Analysis -- 8.3 Results and Discussion -- 8.3.1 General Harvesting Process Analysis -- 8.3.2 Picking and Non-picking Time Percentages -- 8.3.3 Detailed Analysis of Picking Activity Components -- 8.3.4 Overall Efficiency and Overall Time Index -- 8.4 Conclusion -- References.
• Titolo autorizzato: Mechanical Harvest of Fresh Market Apples
• ISBN: 981-16-5316-X
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910508481703321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Smart Agriculture Ser.