Summary measures of population health : concepts, ethics, measurement and applications / / Christopher J.L. Murray ... [et al.]

• Pubblicazione: Geneva, : World Health Organization, c2002
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: xxviii, 770 p. : ill
• Disciplina: 614.4/2
• Soggetto topico: Health status indicators; Medical ethics
• Altri autori: MurrayChristopher J. L
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- PART 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 Summary measures of population health in the context of the WHO framework for health system performance assessment -- 1.2 A critical examination of summary measures of population health -- 1.3 The individual basis for summary measures of population health -- PART 2. USES OF SUMMARY MEASURES OF HEALTH -- 2.1 Applications of summary measures of population health -- 2.2 On the uses of summary measures of population health -- 2.3 Commentary on the uses of summary measures of population health -- 2.4 Summary measures of population health: applications and issues in the United States -- 2.5 Priority-setting in the health sector and summary measures of population health -- PART 3. BASIC CONCEPTS -- 3.1 Measuring the burden of disease by aggregating well-being -- 3.2 The separability of health and well-being -- 3.3 The limited moral arithmetic of health and well-being -- 3.4 A note on measuring well-being -- 3.5 Fairness, goodness and levelling down -- 3.6 My goodness-and yours: a history, and some possible futures, of DALY meanings and valuation procedures -- 3.7 Evaluating summary measures of population health -- 3.8 An equity motivated indicator of population health -- 3.9 Levels of health and inequality in health -- PART 4. HEALTH EXPECTANCIES -- 4.1 Health expectancies: an overview and critical appraisal -- 4.2 A new health expectancy classification system -- 4.3 Health expectancies: what can we expect from summary indicators of population health? -- 4.4 Incidence- and prevalence-based SMPH: making the twain meet -- PART 5. HEALTH GAPS -- 5.1 Health gaps: an overview and critical appraisal -- 5.2 Healthy life years (HeaLYs) -- 5.3 Using achievable mortality reductions to define a survivorship standard for calculating mortality gaps. ; 5.4 Shifting the goalpost-normative survivorship goals in health gap measures -- PART 6. CAUSAL DECOMPOSITION -- 6.1 Causal decomposition of summary measures of population health -- 6.2 Causality theory for policy uses of epidemiological measures -- 6.3 On causal decomposition of summary measures of population health -- 6.4 Causality and counterfactual analysis -- PART 7. HEALTH STATE DESCRIPTION -- 7.1 Development of standardized health state descriptions -- 7.2 Health-status classification systems for summary measures of population health -- 7.3 The international classification of functioning, disability and health-a common framework for describing health states -- 7.4 The 6D5L description system for health state valuation -- PART 8. MEASUREMENT OF HEALTH STATUS IN POPULATION SURVEYS -- 8.1 Comparative analyses of more than 50 household surveys on health status -- 8.2 The measurement and interpretation of health in social surveys -- 8.3 New approaches to enhance cross-population comparability of survey results -- 8.4 Cross-population comparability of physician-assessed and self-reported measures of health -- PART 9. VALUATION METHODS -- 9.1 How to derive disability weights -- 9.2 The case against annual profiles for the valuation of disability weights -- 9.3 Measuring health state values in developing countries-results from a community survey in Andhra Pradesh -- 9.4 Estimating health state valuations using a multiple-method protocol -- PART 10. MODELLING THE RELATIONS BETWEEN HEALTH STATUS DOMAINS AND HEALTH STATE VALUATIONS -- 10.1 Modelling the relationship between the description and valuation of health states -- 10.2 The utility approach to assessing population health -- 10.3 Modelling health state valuation data -- PART 11. DETERMINANTS OF VARIANCE IN HEALTH STATE VALUATIONS -- 11.1 Determinants of variance in health state valuations. ; 11.2 Are disability weights universal? Ranking of the disabling effects of different health conditions in 14 countries by different informants -- 11.3 Measurement of variance in health state valuations in Phnom Penh, Cambodia -- 11.4 A conceptual framework for understanding adaptation, coping and adjustment in health state valuations -- PART 12. EMPIRICAL ETHICS -- 12.1 The poverty of ethical analyses in economics and the unwarranted disregard of evidence -- 12.2 The limits to empirical ethics -- 12.3 Issues in comparing the health of two populations -- 12.4 Empirical ethics, moral philosophy, and the democracy problem -- PART 13. TIME AND AGE -- 13.1 Accounting for time and age in summary measures of population health -- 13.2 Age weighting and time discounting: technical imperative versus social choice -- 13.3 Age weights and discounting in health gaps reconsidered -- PART 14. FAIRNESS -- 14.1 Health and equity -- 14.2 Fairness in evaluating health systems -- 14.3 Fairness and health -- 14.4 All goods are relevant -- PART 15. CONCLUSIONS -- 15.1 Summary measures of population health: conclusions and recommendations -- Glossary of terms -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y.
• Sommario/riassunto: With increasing life expectancy, measuring population health levels on the basis of mortality rates alone has become less and less relevant in many populations. At the same time, societies invest substantial resources in promoting healthy life, in addition to preventing premature death. But how effective have these efforts been? What is the appropriate metric to measure health life expectancy, or, for that matter, the contribution of different diseases and injuries to potential years of healthy life that are lost due to their occurrence? This book addresses the various approaches and viewpoints as to how mortality and ill-health might be combined into a single index to measure overall population health. The various uses of such summary measures of population health are described, and the appropriate measurement framework and specific ethical and social value choices are discussed and debated. The contributors include leading experts in epidemiological methods, ethics, health economics, health status measurement and the valuation of health states. Summary measures of population health are likely to become increasingly topical and debated and this volume will serve as the fundamental reference for their construction and use for scholars across all public health disciplines.
• Titolo autorizzato: Summary measures of population health
• ISBN: 1-280-04142-0; 9786610041428; 92-4-068136-1
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910828430403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II