Annual report on China's petroleum, gas and new energy industry (2021) / / editors : Fang Cai, Yongsheng Ma, Zhijun Jin

• Pubblicazione: Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (280 pages)
• Disciplina: 333.790951
• Soggetto topico: Energy industries - China; Energy industries
• Soggetto geografico: China
• Persona (resp. second.): JinZhijun; MaYongsheng; CaiFang
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Editorial Committee -- Research and Innovation Company Profile -- Preface -- Contents -- Part I Macro Trends -- Prospects for China's Economic Development During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period -- 1 The Economic Development During the 13th Five-Year Plan Period Laid a Good Foundation -- 2 During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period, We Are Faced with a Complex New Situation, with Opportunities and Challenges Coexisting -- 2.1 China's Economic Development Momentum is Still Strong -- 2.2 Risks and Challenges -- 3 Analysis on Economic Development Trend During the 14th Five-Year Plan Period -- 3.1 The Economy Continues to Maintain Moderate Growth -- 3.2 The Household Registration and Population Policies Are Gradually Relaxed, Driving a New Round of Agglomeration Effect and Urbanization Upgrading -- 3.3 The Application of Digital Technology Comprehensively Promotes the Upgrading of Industrial Technology and New Infrastructure -- 3.4 The Policies of Peaking Carbon Emissions and Achieving Carbon Neutrality Have Been Gradually Implemented, and Energy Transformation Has Promoted New Economic Growth Drivers -- 4 Policy Recommendations on Promoting the Benign Interaction of Economic Dual Circulation and Maintaining the Healthy and Stable Development of Economy -- 4.1 Shifting from Investment-Oriented Fiscal Policy to Security-Oriented Fiscal Policy, Focusing Efforts on Elderly Care and Protection of Disadvantaged Groups -- 4.2 The Macro-economic Regulation and Control Will Return to Neutral Monetary Policy to Promote Asset Prices to a Reasonable Space and Reduce Financial Risks -- 4.3 The Focus of Industrial Policy Will Be Shifted to Promoting Industrial Technology Upgrading, and the Focus of Policy Tools Will Be Shifted from Subsidy to Tax Reduction. ; 4.4 Taking Comprehensive Measures to Reverse the Downward Trend of Population Growth and Optimize the Age Structure of the Population -- 4.5 Focusing on Carbon-neutral Industry to Promote Energy Transformation and Ecological Civilization Construction Under the Prospect of Carbon Neutrality -- 4.6 Continuing to Improve the Construction of Infrastructure Networks Such as Transportation, Telecommunications and Energy, and Effectively Reduce Economic Costs -- 4.7 Improving the Scientific and Technological Innovation Mechanism and Promote the Research and Development Investment of Basic Research, Industrial Technology and Civil-Military Integration Technologies -- 4.8 Continuing to Promote Reform and Opening up, Reduce Market Access Restrictions, and Build a Fair and Orderly Market Competition Atmosphere -- 5 Summary -- References -- China's Energy Transition with the Scenario of Carbon Neutrality, Outlook by 2060 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Foundation and Path Analysis of Realizing Carbon Neutrality -- 2.1 Present Situation of China's Energy Structure and Difficulties in Realizing Carbon Neutrality -- 2.2 Achieving Emission Reduction Through Energy Saving is the Most Economical and Direct Way -- 2.3 Developing Low-Carbon and Non-carbon Energy and Reducing the Proportion of Carbon-Intensive Fossil Fuel Energy to Reduce the Pressure for Achieving Carbon Neutrality -- 2.4 Carbon-Based Energy Recycling is Essential for Carbon Neutrality -- 2.5 Ecological Carbon Fixation -- 3 Path Selection for Peaking Carbon Emissions and Achieving Carbon Neutrality -- 3.1 Model and Scenario Design -- 3.2 The Combination of Different Hydrogen Energy -- 3.3 Scenario of Preparing Methanol Based on Carbon Dioxide Emitted from Carbon-Based Fuels and Fuel Substitution -- 3.4 Energy Conversion: Substitution of Methanol and Hydrogen Energy for Coal, Fuel Oil and Electric Energy. ; 3.5 Development of Primary Energy Power and Substitution for Fossil Fuel Power -- 3.6 Trade-Off of Clean Electricity & -- Natural Gas for Coal in End-Use Energy Consumption -- 3.7 Energy Saving Potential of Various Industries -- 4 Recommended Routes: High Renewable Energy, High Energy Efficiency, End-Use Coal Substitution and Green Methanol -- 5 Policy Recommendations -- 5.1 Promoting Energy Transition and Developing Carbon Neutral Technology and Industrial System -- 5.2 Increasing the Proportion of Non-carbon Energy and Carbon Neutral Energy -- 5.3 Comprehensively Promoting Ecological Restoration and Improvement -- References -- Economic Growth and Energy Consumption: Four-Dimensional Comparison of Aggregate, Elasticity, Intensity and Structure Among Economies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption of Developed Economies -- 2.1 Economic Growth and Total Energy Consumption -- 2.2 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Elasticity -- 2.3 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Intensity -- 2.4 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Structure -- 3 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption of Developing Economies -- 3.1 Economic Growth and Total Energy Consumption -- 3.2 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Elasticity -- 3.3 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Intensity -- 3.4 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Structure -- 4 China's Economic Growth and Energy Consumption -- 4.1 Economic Growth and Total Energy Consumption -- 4.2 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Elasticity -- 4.3 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Intensity -- 4.4 Economic Growth and Energy Consumption Structure -- 5 Carbon Peak, Carbon Neutrality Commitment and Future China's Energy Consumption -- 6 Conclusion and Discussion -- References -- Part II Petroleum -- In-Depth Analysis on International Oil Market in Post-pandemic Era. ; 1 Characteristics of Global Oil Market in 2020 -- 1.1 Oil Prices Have Plummeted and Fallen to an Unprecedented Negative Price, and the Benchmark Oil Price Spreads Fluctuated Drastically -- 1.2 Demand Side: In 2020, Global Oil Demand Showed the Largest Decline in History -- 1.3 Supply Side: In 2020, OPEC+ Adopted an Unprecedented Scale of Production Reduction -- 1.4 Inventory Side: In 2020, Both Global Crude Oil Inventories and Floating Inventories Reached the Highest Level in History -- 1.5 Refining: The Global Refining Has Suffered Unprecedented Heavy Losses -- 2 Prospects in 2021: Analysis on International Oil Market in Post-pandemic Era -- 2.1 Pandemic Situation: The Turning Point Has Appeared, and the Situation Is Generally Good, but It Has Been Repeated -- 2.2 Macro-Level: The Global Economy Has Achieved Recovery Growth, and Large-Scale QE (Quantitative Easing) Policies Has Pushed Up Asset Prices -- 2.3 Demand Side: Global Oil Demand Has Gradually Recovered, but It Is Difficult to Fully Reach Pre-pandemic Levels -- 2.4 Supply Side: OPEC Maintained a Small Increase in Production, and Global Supply Growth Is Generally Limited -- 2.5 Inventory: Destocking Accelerated Throughout the year, and Global Inventory Gradually Returns to Normal Levels -- 2.6 Refining: The Global Refining is Gradually Recovering but Hard to Reach the Pre-pandemic Normality -- 2.7 Geopolitics: Geopolitics Will Still Be Turbulent and the Recovery of Iranian Crude May Come Back Later Than Expected -- 3 Prospect on Medium and Long-Term Oil Market -- 3.1 Medium and Long-Term Global Economic Growth Faces Some Challenges -- 3.2 Medium and Long-Term World Oil Demand Has Entered a Low Growth Stage -- 3.3 Medium and Long-Term World Oil Supply is Facing Great Uncertainty -- 3.4 Medium and Long-Term Oil Prices May Return to the Rebalancing Range. ; 3.5 The New Round of Reshuffle of Medium and Long-Term Oil Companies Will Continue to Intensify, and Energy Transformation Will Accelerate -- References -- Analysis and Prospect on Global Oil Supply Under the Production Reduction of OPEC+ -- 1 Review of Global Oil Supply in 2020 -- 1.1 OPEC+ Reached the Largest Production Reduction Agreement in History -- 1.2 Political Upheaval Has Led to a Decline in Production in Countries with Exemption for Production Reduction -- 1.3 American Shale Oil Producers Have Been Greatly Affected -- 1.4 Non-OPEC Oil Producers Responded to the Impact of Low Oil Prices by Production Reduction -- 2 Prospect on Global Oil Supply in 2021 -- 2.1 OPEC+ is Expected to Relax the Production Reduction Quota by Stages -- 2.2 The Production Prospects of Countries With Reduced Production Exemptions Are Full of Variables -- 2.3 The Shale Oil Production of the Us is Expected to Recover -- 2.4 Oil Producers Such as Brazil and Canada have Released Growth Potential -- 3 Medium and Long-Term Prediction of Global Oil Supply -- 3.1 The Production Of Medium Crude Oil Will Increase Rapidly, and the Price Difference Between Light and Heavy Crude Oil will Remain Narrow -- 3.2 Oil Producers have Great Growth Potential and the World will Enter an Era of Oversupply -- References -- Review and Medium- and Long-Term Prospect of Global Oil Demand -- 1 Global Oil Demand in 2020 Hit the Largest Decline in History -- 1.1 The COVID-19 Caused a Serious Recession in the Global Economy -- 1.2 The Pandemic Caused the Biggest Drop in Global Oil Demand in History -- 1.3 China's Oil Demand Has Increased Year on Year, and Other Countries Have Fallen Sharply -- 1.4 The Demand for Refined Petroleum Products Continued the Trend of Strong Diesel Consumption and Weak Gasoline Consumption, and Jet Fuel Was the Most Affected. ; 2 Global Oil Demand Recovered in 2021, But It Was Difficult to Return to the Pre-pandemic Level.
• Titolo autorizzato: Annual report on China's petroleum, gas and new energy industry (2021)
• ISBN: 981-19-6076-3
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910620201003321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Current Chinese economic report series.