Arginine amino acid / / editor, Nathan L. Jacobs

• Pubblicazione: New York, : Nova Science Publishers, c2011
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (283 p.)
• Disciplina: 612.3/98
• Soggetto topico: Arginine; Amino acids
• Altri autori: JacobsNathan L
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- ARGININE AMINO ACID -- ARGININE AMINO ACID -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Analytical Methods of the Determination of Arginine Amino Acid -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Sources -- Dietary Sources -- Biosynthesis -- Functions and Importance of Arginine -- Methods of Analysis -- Liquid Chromatography -- Ion Exchange Separation -- Reverse-Phase Liquid Chromatography -- Gas Chromatography -- Capillary Electrophoresis -- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- Methodological Considerations Regarding the Quantification of L-Arginine in Biological Matrices -- Derivatization Reagents for LC Analysis -- Ninhydrin -- Dansyl Chloride -- Dabsyl Chloride -- 1-Fluoro-2, 4-Dinitrobenzene -- Phenylisothiocyanate -- Ortho-Phtaldehyde -- 9H-Fluoren-9-Ylmethyl Chloroformate -- Diethyl 2(Ethoxymethylidene)Propanedioate -- 6-Aminoquinolyl-N-Hydroxysuccinimidyl Carbamate -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Alternative Metabolic Pathways of Arginine and their Pathophysiological Roles -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction - Arginine, a Functional Amino Acid with Several Metabolic Roles -- Nitric Oxide Synthase -- Arginase -- Alternative Pathways of Arginine Metabolism -- Inhibition of NOS and Arginase Isoforms -- NOS Inhibitors -- Arginase Inhibitors -- NOS Isoforms in Diseases -- The Involvement of NOS Isoforms in the Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome -- Nitric Oxide and Preeclampsia -- Arginase in Diseases -- Arginase in Cardiovascular Diseases -- Arginase in Pulmonary Hypertension -- Arginase in Silicosis -- Arginase in Asthma -- Arginase in other Disorders -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Free Amino Acid Analysis in Natural Matrices -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Essential Amino Acids -- Nonessential Amino Acids -- 1. Amino Acids Analysis -- 1.1. Derivatization -- Post-Column Derivatization -- Pre-Column Derivatization. ; 1.2. Separation -- High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) -- Mass Spectrometry (MS) -- Gas Chromatography (GC) -- Capillary Electrophoresis -- 2. Free Amino Acids in Natural Matrices -- 2.1. Wild Edible Mushroom Species -- 2.2. Brassica oleraceae var. costata DC (Tronchuda Cabbage) -- Internal Leaves -- External Leaves -- 2.3. Red Wine -- Dekkera bruxellensis -- Amino Acids Profile of Dão Red Wine and D. bruxellensis Effects -- 2.4. Quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) Fruit and Jam -- Quince Fruit -- Quince Jam -- 2.5. Catharanthus roseus -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4 Discovery of Argininosuccinate Synthetase and Argininosuccinate Lyase -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction to Arginine -- 2. History of Arginine Synthesis -- Step 1 -- Step 2 -- 3. The Biochemical Reactions of Arginine Synthesis -- Step 1 -- Step 2 -- Step 2 -- Step 1 -- Step 3 -- Step 1a -- Step 1b -- Step 1 -- Step 2 -- 4. Catalytic, Physical, and Immunological Properties of ASS -- Catalytic Properties -- Physical Properties -- Immunological Properties -- 5. Molecular Aspects of ASS -- 6. Catalytic, Physical, and Immunological Properties of ASL -- Catalytic and Immunological Properties -- Physical Properties -- Comparative Analyses -- 7. Molecular Aspects of ASL -- 8. Tissue Expression of ASS and ASL -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5 Expression and Localization of Argininosuccinate Synthetase and Argininosuccinate Lyase in the Female and Male Rat Kidneys -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Animals -- Kidney Preparation and Dissection of the Renal Zones -- Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analyses -- Indirect Immunofluorescence -- Calculation and Statistical analyses -- Chemicals -- Results -- Regional Distribution of ASS Protein in the Rat Kidney -- Regional Expression of ASL Protein in the Rat Kidney. ; Differential Expression of ASS and ASL in the Rat Kidney -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 Chemical Structure and Toxicity in Arginine-Based Surfactants -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental Methods -- 2.1. Adsorption and Aggregation Properties -- 2.2. Red Blood Cell Assay -- 2.3. Citotoxicity Evaluation -- 3. Single Chain Arginine Surfactants -- 3.1. Adsorption and Aggregation Properties -- 3.2. Toxicity -- 4. Arginine-Based Gemini Surfactants -- 4.1. Adsorption and Aggregation Properties -- 4.2. Toxicity -- 4.2.1 Hemolysis and Potential Ocular Irritation -- 4.2.2 Cytotoxicity -- 5. Glycerolipid-Like Arginine Based Surfactants -- 5.1. Adsorption and Aggregation Properties -- 5.2. Toxicity -- 5.2.1. Hemolysis -- 5.2.2. Cytotoxicity -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 Arginine: Physico-Chemical Properties, Interactions with Ion-Exchange Membranes, Recovery and Concentration by Electrodialysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1. Arginine Sorption by Cation-Exchange Membranes -- 3.2. Hydration of Membranes, Saturated with Arginine -- 3.3. Recovery and Concentration of Arginine in an Electromembrane System -- Conclusion -- Note -- References -- Chapter 8 Central Functions of L-Arginine and its Metabolites for Stress Behavior -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Central Functions of L-Arginine, Nitric Oxide, Agmatine, L-Ornithine and L-Citrulline for Stress Behavior in Chicks -- 3. Central Functions of L-Proline for Stress Response in Chicks -- 4. Central Functions of L-Glutamate for Stress Response in Chicks -- 5. Central Functions of Polyamines for Stress Response in Chicks -- 6. Central Functions of Creatine for Stress Response in Chicks -- Acknowledgments -- References. ; Chapter 9 Arginine Requirement and Metabolism in Marine Fish Larvae - Review of Recent Findings -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Amino Acid Requirements in Diplodus Sargus and Solea Senegalensis: Comparison of Arginine Levels in Larvae and Live Food -- 3. Metabolism of Arginine -- 4. Supplementation of Arginine in Long Term Trials -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10 Arginine-Rich Cell-Penetrating Peptides in Cellular Internalization -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Preparations of Plasmids, Proteins, Peptides and Nanoparticles. -- Mammalian and Plant Cells -- Covalent Protein Transduction (CPT) in Plant Cells -- Noncovalent Protein Transduction (NPT) in Mammalian Cells -- Covalent and Noncovalent Protein Transductions (CNPT) in Mammalian Cells -- Fluorescent and Confocal Microscopy -- Results -- Covalent Protein Transduction (CPT) in Plant Cells -- Noncovalent Protein Transduction (NPT) in Mammalian Cells -- Covalent and Noncovalent Protein Transductions (CNPT) in Mammalian Cells -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 11 Effects of Deep Sea Water on Changes in Free Amino Acids and Tolerance to Fusarium Root Rot in Mycorrhizal Asparagus Plants -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- AMF Inoculation and Growing Plants -- Evaluation of AMF Colonization Level -- Determination of Free Amino Acids in Plants -- Inoculation with Fusarium Proliferatum -- Estimation of Symptoms of Fp -- Results -- Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12 Influence of Arginine-Containing Peptides on the Haemostasis System -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 13 Newly Identified Transcriptional Regulation by Mcm1p at ARG1 Promoter -- Abstract. ; 1. Recruitment of Mcm1p by Gcn4p at ARG1 -- 2. Promoter-Dependent Recruitment of Homodimeric Mcm1p By Activation Domain of Gcn4p -- 3. Collaborative Cooperation for Recruitment Between Mcm1p and Gcn4p At ARG1 -- 4. Mutagenesis of DNA Elements in ARG1 Promoter and Requirement of Mcm1p Binding Site for Gcn4p Recruitment -- 5. Contribution of Mcm1p for Recruitment of Co-Activator SWI/SNF -- 6. Requirement of Mcm1p Binding Site for Growth and ARG1 Transcription in Arginine Starvation -- 7. Additional Requirement of Gcn4p And Mm1p in Synthetic Defined Complete Medium Than in Synthetic Defined Minimal Medium During Arginine Starvation -- 8. Requirement of Mcm1p Binding Sites for Survival in the Absence of Arginine and Gcn4p -- 9. Regulation of Mcm1p Binding Site in ARC2 Through Excess Amino Acids Rather Than Arginine -- 10. Arginine-Dependent Subunit Assembly for Argr/Mcm1p Repressor at ARG1 -- 11. Directions and Applications for Future Work -- References -- Index -- Blank Page.
• Sommario/riassunto: Arginine is a conditionally nonessential amino acid, meaning most of the time it can be manufactured by the human body, and does not need to be obtained directly through the diet. This book presents topical research in the study of arginine amino acids.
• Titolo autorizzato: Arginine amino acid
• ISBN: 1-61122-254-0
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910961717303321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Microbiology Research Advances