Environmental information for outer continental shelf oil and gas decisions in Alaska / / Committee to Review Alaskan Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Information, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Board on Earth Sciences and Resources, Commission on Geosciences, Resources and the Environment

• Pubblicazione: [Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press], 1994, c1993
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (270 p.)
• Disciplina: 33.8/2314/09798
• Soggetto topico: Offshore oil industry - Environmental aspects - Alaska; Offshore gas industry - Environmental aspects - Alaska; Petroleum industry and trade - Environmental aspects - Alaska; Environmental impact analysis - Alaska
• Altri autori: GroatCharles G
• Note generali: Project was supported by the Dept. of the Interior, contract number 14-35-0001-30627/C.; Committee chairman: Charles G. Groat.; "National Research Council."
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION FOR OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS DECISIONS IN ALASKA -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- Contents -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- ADEQUACY OF INFORMATION FOR OCS DECISIONS -- MAJOR INFORMATION GAPS -- ALTERNATIVES TO ADDITIONAL STUDIES -- Bowhead Whales -- Oil Spills -- Mitigating Long-Term Socioeconomic Effects -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- THIS STUDY AND REPORT -- Criteria for Adequacy -- Completeness -- Scientific Quality -- Application of the Standard -- Report Organization -- DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA -- In What Ways are High Latitudes Different? -- Rationale for Exploring for Oil in a Hostile Environment -- Exploration and Production in the Lease Areas -- MANAGEMENT OF OCS ACTIVITIES -- ESP Mandate -- Environmental Information and OCS Oil and Gas Leasing -- 2 DESCRIPTION OF OPERATIONS -- PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF ARCTIC INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITY -- Environmental Concerns -- Oil Spills -- Routine Operations and Habitat Disturbance -- Waste Discharges -- Environmental Effects -- Regulatory Controls -- 3 GEOLOGICAL SETTING AND HYDROCARBON RESOURCE BASE -- INTRODUCTION -- GENERAL GEOLOGY OF THE BEAUFORT AND CHUKCHI OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELVES -- PETROLEUM GEOLOGY -- Chukchi Sea -- Beaufort Sea -- ADEQUACY OF THE GEOLOGICAL DATA BASE AND ITS TREATMENT BY MMS -- RESOURCE ASSESSMENTS -- QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATES -- ADEQUACY AND RELIABILITY OF ESTIMATES -- Data Base and Regional Studies -- Methods -- ENGINEERING GEOLOGY -- Permafrost and Thaw Subsidence -- Sedimentary Erosion and Transport -- Soil Mechanics of Silts -- CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION -- 4 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES -- ARCTIC OCEAN -- SOUTHEASTERN BERING SEA -- NORTHERN BERING SEA AND BERING STRAIT -- CHUKCHI SEA -- BEAUFORT SEA -- Orography -- Currents -- SEA ICE -- PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC STUDIES -- Models of Circulation and Oil Spill Trajectories. ; Circulation Models -- Atmospheric Forcing of the Ocean Circulation -- Availability and Suitability of the Observational Base -- Physical Properties of Oil and Water -- TRANSMISSION OF NOISE IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 5 BIOTIC RESOURCES -- INTRODUCTION -- MARINE MAMMALS -- Status of Knowledge -- Unresolved Questions -- Effects of Industrial Noise -- Contaminants -- Oil Spills -- Cumulative Effects -- BIRDS -- Status of Knowledge -- Colonies at Risk -- Pelagic Birds at Risk -- Processes Affecting Responses of Colonies to Offshore Oil Development -- Processes at Sea Affecting Responses to Offshore Oil Development -- Predicting the Responses of Bird Populations -- FISHES AND FISHERIES -- General Distribution and Ecology -- Potential Effects of OCS Oil and Gas Activities -- Major Data Gaps -- BENTHIC ORGANISMS -- Adequacy of the Descriptive Data -- Consequences of Proceeding without Obtaining the Information -- ALTERNATIVES TO ADDITIONAL STUDIES -- QUALITY, AVAILABILITY, AND USE OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION -- Basic versus Mission-Oriented Science -- Long-Term Studies -- SUMMARY -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Marine Mammals -- Marine Birds -- Fish -- Other Biota (Vegetation, Benthos, etc.) -- Terrestrial Systems -- 6 HUMAN ENVIRONMENT -- INTRODUCTION -- Changes in the Physical Environment -- Development-Induced Changes -- Responses to Opportunities or Threats -- Long-Term, Cumulative Change -- DISTINCTIVENESS OF THE HIGH ARCTIC AND ITS PEOPLES -- Inupiat Culture -- Subsistence -- Ceremonial Activities -- Language -- Kinship and Family -- Extreme Isolation -- North Slope Borough -- SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC STUDIES -- Baseline Studies -- Subsistence -- Physical Disturbances -- Economic Growth -- Mixed Cash-Subsistence Economies -- Developmental Activities -- Social Indicators -- Opportunities and Threats. ; Longer-Term Adaptations -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 7 MITIGATION AND REMEDIATION OF OIL AND GAS ACTIVITIES -- INTRODUCTION -- AREAS AFFECTED BY ICE -- Platform Design -- ICE GOUGING AND PIPELINE PLACEMENT -- State of Knowledge -- Improving the State of Knowledge -- Measurement Program -- ARCTIC OIL SPILLS: INCIDENCE AND RESPONSE -- Spill Response -- Spills in Ice and in Very Cold Water -- Spills in Ice-Free Water -- Spills in Sea Ice -- Spills in Newly Forming Sea Ice -- Spills in Fast Ice -- Spills in Pack Ice -- Tracking Spills in Ice -- EFFECTIVENESS OF RESPONSE MEASURES -- Response Technologies -- Mechanical Removal -- Dispersants -- Burning -- Bioremediation -- Shoreline Protection and Cleanup -- Experimental Spills -- RESTORATION -- MITIGATING SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 8 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND AN ALTERNATIVE TO ADDITIONAL STUDIES -- GENERAL CONCLUSIONS -- AN ALTERNATIVE TO ADDITIONAL STUDIES -- Historical Context for Mistrust -- Negotiation Process -- Workable Negotiation Options -- A Suggested Example-Bowhead Whales -- Mitigating Long-Term Socioeconomic Effects -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX A MMS'S OCS OIL AND GAS DECISION PROCESS -- ANALYSES REQUIRED BY SECTION 18 OF THE OCS LANDS ACT -- AREA EVALUATION AND DECISION PROCESS -- EXPLORATION PLAN -- DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION PLAN -- ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT -- APPLICATION FOR PERMIT TO DRILL -- TERMINATION OF OPERATIONS -- ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS -- GLOSSARY -- BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION ON COMMITTEE MEMBERS.
• Titolo autorizzato: Environmental information for outer continental shelf oil and gas decisions in Alaska
• ISBN: 1-280-21134-2; 9786610211340; 0-309-58644-5; 0-585-14313-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910811528903321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II