Oncogenomics : from basic research to precision medicine / / edited by Franco Dammacco and Franco Silvestris

• Pubblicazione: London, United Kingdom : , : Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, , [2019]; ©2019
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (722 pages) : illustrations
• Disciplina: 616.994042
• Soggetto topico: Cancer - Genetic aspects; Cancer - Molecular aspects
• Persona (resp. second.): DammaccoFranco; SilvestrisFranco
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover -- Oncogenomics -- Copyright Page -- Dedications -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- I. Molecular medicine: a novel approach to cancer investigation -- 1 From the Double Helix to Oncogenomics and Precision Cancer Medicine: An Evolving Story -- Abbreviations -- The Double Helix and the Human Genome Project -- Precision Medicine Initiative and Precision Cancer Medicine -- Oncogenomics in the Fight Against Cancer -- Master Protocols and Clinical Trials of Targeted Drugs -- NSCLC and Melanoma: Successful Examples of Precision Cancer Medicine -- NSCLC -- Melanoma -- Precision Cancer Medicine: Uncertainties and Drawbacks -- Conclusions -- References -- 2 Intratumor Heterogeneity: Biological and Clinical Implications -- Introduction -- Levels of Intratumor Heterogeneity -- Genetic Heterogeneity -- Transcriptomic and Proteomic Heterogeneity -- Spatial Heterogeneity -- Phenotypic Heterogeneity -- Clinical Implications of Intratumor Heterogeneity and Novel Approaches -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 3 The Role of Proteomics in Cancer Research -- What Is a Proteome? -- Proteomics Approaches in Cancer Research -- The Role of Proteomics in Cancer Research -- Advantages of the Proteome in Understanding the Biology of Cancer -- Applying Proteomics Tools for Cancer Research -- Post-translational Modifications in Cancer -- Tumor Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsy -- Monitoring Drug Effects With Proteomics -- Conflict of Interest -- References -- Further Reading -- 4 Next-Generation Sequencing in Clinical Practice -- References -- Further Reading -- 5 Cancer Epigenetics: Aberrant DNA Methylation in Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment -- Introduction -- DNA Methylation and Transcriptional Regulation -- Alterations of DNA Methylation in Cancer Cells -- The CpG Island Methylator Phenotype. ; Cancer Diagnosis Using Aberrant DNA Methylation -- Cancer Detection Diagnosis -- Diagnosis of Cancer Pathophysiology -- Advantages of Pathophysiology Diagnosis Using Aberrant DNA Methylation -- Cancer Risk Diagnosis -- Cancer Therapy by Targeting Aberrant DNA Methylation -- Importance of Treatment Dose and Schedule for DNA Demethylating Drugs -- Mechanisms of DNA Demethylating Therapy -- Applications of DNA Demethylating Therapy to Solid Tumors -- Future Perspective of DNA Demethylating Therapy -- Epilogue -- References -- 6 Cancer Stem Cells: Role in Tumor Progression and Treatment Resistance -- Introduction -- Role of Cancer Stem Cells in Tumor Progression -- Cancer Stem Cells in Therapy Resistance -- Mechanisms of Cancer Stem Cell Therapy Resistance -- Conclusion -- References -- 7 Cancer Stem Cells, Apoptosis Pathways and Mechanisms of Death Resistance -- Introduction -- Cancer Stem Cells Phenotype -- Cancer Stem Cells Signaling Pathways -- Drug Resistance in CSCs -- MicroRNAs and Other Epigenetic Factors in CSCs -- Cancer Stem Cells and Apoptosis Pathways -- Mitochondrial Pathway -- Death Receptor Pathway -- Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress-Induced Apoptosis Pathway -- Mechanisms of Death Resistance in Cancer Stem Cells -- Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Transporters -- PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway Plays a Crucial Role in CSCs -- Dysregulated Antiapoptotoic Proteins in CSCs -- Bcl-2 Family of Proteins -- TRADD Expression and NF-κB Activity -- Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) Family of Proteins in CSC -- c-FLIP Overexpression in CSCs -- Resistance to ER Stress-Induced Apoptosis in CSCs -- Conclusions and Future Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8 Targeting the Hedgehog and Notch Signaling Pathways in Cancer Stem Cells -- Introduction -- Hedgehog Pathway -- Notch Pathway. ; Therapies Targeting Hedgehog and Notch Signaling in Cancer Stem Cells -- Hedgehog Pathway Antagonists -- Notch Pathway Antagonists -- Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- 9 Cancer Stem Cells in Multiple Myeloma and the Development of Novel Therapeutic Strategies -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells: General Concepts -- Clonotypic B Cells -- Clonogenic Plasma Cells -- Interconversion Between Differentiated and Undifferentiated Clonotypic Cells -- Side Population Cells -- Drug Resistance -- Signaling Pathways -- MicroRNAs -- Bone Marrow Microenvironment -- Targeting Multiple Myeloma Cancer Stem Cells -- Conclusions -- References -- II. Oncogenomics: Circulating Biomarkers in Clinical Oncology -- 10 Bone Metastases from Solid Tumors: In Search of Predictive Biomarkers for Clinical Translation -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Epidemiological and Clinical Features of Bone Metastases -- Pathogenesis of Bone Metastases -- The "Omics Sciences" in the Prediction of Bone Metastases From Most Common Solid Cancers -- In Search of a "Genomic Osteotropism Signature" in Solid Tumors -- Prediction of Bone Metastases: A Clinical and Socioeconomic Issue -- Conclusions -- References -- 11 Liquid Biopsy and Genomic Assessment for Lung Cancer: The Role in Clinical Practice? -- Introduction -- Which Biological Source? -- Importance of the Preanalytical Steps for the Reliability of the Results -- Which Analytical Platform for Which Evaluation? -- Targeted Evaluation of Mutations in EGFR -- Targeted Investigation Into Genomic Alterations Other That Those Present in EGFR -- Detection With a Selected Panel of Genes -- Perspectives and Conclusion -- References -- 12 Prognostic and Predictive Role of Circulating Tumor Cells -- Introduction -- CTC Isolation and Detection -- Prognostic Role of CTCs in Solid Tumors. ; Enumeration and Analysis of CTCs to Predict Treatment Response in Solid Tumors -- Clinical Utility of CTCs: Current Status and Future Directions -- References -- 13 Circulating miRNAs as Tumor Biomarkers -- MicroRNAs: Biosynthesis and Function -- miRNAs Dysregulated in Cancer -- Extracellular Vesicles and Extracellular miRNAs -- Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Cancers -- Breast Cancer -- Colorectal Cancer -- Lung Cancer -- Pancreatic Cancer -- Challenges and Opportunities for miRNA Based Biomarkers -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 14 Circulating DNA in Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis -- Introduction -- Circulating Cell-Free DNA -- Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) -- Circulating DNA Levels in Patients With Cancer -- Circulating Mutant Tumor DNA -- Presence of Mutant Circulating Tumor DNA as a Prognostic Marker -- Mutant Circulating Tumor DNA to Identify Therapy Sensitive or Resistant Cancer Subpopulations -- Direct Comparison of Cancer Tissue DNA Mutations and Circulating Tumor DNA Mutations -- Healthy Cells Can Take Up Mutant ctDNA -- Copy Number Variations in Circulating Tumor DNA -- Gene Methylation in Circulating Tumor DNA -- Conclusions -- References -- 15 Sequencing a Single Circulating Tumor Cell for Genomic Assessment -- Single-Cell Whole-Genome Sequencing Technologies -- Isolation of a Single CTC -- Single-Cell Whole-Genome Amplification Methods -- Linker Adapter PCR -- Primer Extension Preamplification PCR -- Degenerate Oligonucleotide-Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction -- Multiple Displacement Amplification -- Multiple Annealing and Looping-Based Amplification Cycles -- Single CTC NGS for Genetic Study of CTCs and Clinical Applications -- Challenges and Future Prospects -- References -- 16 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Cancer Research and Treatment -- Introduction. ; Potential Applications of SNPs in Oncology: Tumor Susceptibility -- Potential Applications of Snps in Oncology: Association With Prognosis -- Potential Applications of SNPs in Oncology: Association With Treatment Outcome -- References -- III. Gastrointestinal tumors: molecular diagnosis and treatment -- 17 Gastric Cancers: A Molecular Roadmap for Patient Stratification and Targeted Therapies -- Introduction -- Molecular Classification of Gastroesophageal Cancer -- Microsatellite Instability as a Biomarker -- Immuno-oncology Agent Biomarkers -- Current and Potential Targeted Therapeutic Strategies -- Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) Amplifications -- Targeting DNA Damage Repair (DDR) Pathways -- Antiangiogenesis Therapies -- Immune Checkpoint Inhibition -- Other Molecular Targets of Interest in Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinomas -- Future Directions -- References -- Further Reading -- 18 Resistance to EGFR Targeting Treatments in Colorectal Cancer -- Anti-EGFR Therapeutic Strategies in Colorectal Cancer -- Resistance to Anti-EGFR Therapies: Heterogeneity Matters -- Mechanisms of Resistance -- Mutations -- Epigenetic Abnormalities -- Microenvironment -- Signaling Reactivation and Pathway Bypass -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- 19 Circulating DNA and Protein Biomarkers for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors -- Introduction -- Mutational profiles and targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer -- TKIs and monoclonal antibodies in metastatic Colorectal Cancer -- Tissue testing -- Liquid biopsies in metastatic colorectal cancer -- Circulating cell-free DNA in metastatic colorectal cancer -- Plasma protein biomarkers to monitor the effect of TKI in metastatic colorectal cancer -- Further research and the way forward -- References -- 20 Rationale for Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Malignancies. ; Introduction.
• Titolo autorizzato: Oncogenomics
• ISBN: 0-12-811786-9; 0-12-811785-0
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910583008403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II