Mining in Africa : Are Local Communities Better Off? / / Punam Chuhan-Pole

• Autore: Chuhan-Pole Punam
• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2017
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (212 pages)
• Disciplina: 553.096
• Soggetto topico: Mines and mineral resources - Africa; Mineral industries - Africa
• Soggetto geografico: Africa
• Persona (resp. second.): Chuhan-PolePunam; LewinMichael
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- About the Contributors -- Abbreviations -- 1 Overview -- Introduction -- A Framework to Measure How Local Communities Capture Benefits -- The Approach to Assessing the Local Effects of Mining -- Are Mining Communities Seeing Welfare Gains? -- Assessing the Role of Government -- Policy Priorities for Addressing the Local Impacts of Mining -- Notes -- References -- 2 Local Impacts of Resource Abundance: What Have We Learned? -- Introduction -- Theory and Evidence on the Impact of Resource Abundance at the Country Level -- Assessing the Local Impacts of Resource Abundance -- Conclusion -- Annex 2A: Schematic Model of Resource Endowment Changes -- Notes -- References -- 3 Insights from Three Country Case Studies -- Introduction -- Country Backgrounds: Gold Mining in the Case Study Countries -- Channel 1: Employment, Linkages, and Positive Spillovers -- Channel 2: Government Revenue -- Negative Externalities: The Costs Borne by Mining Areas -- Outcomes -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 4 Socioeconomic Effects of Large-Scale Gold Mining: Evidence from Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- Introduction -- Gold Mining in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- Empirical Methodology -- Evolution of Trends in Mining and Nonmining Areas -- Livelihoods and Occupations -- Household Accumulation of Assets -- Child Health -- Access to Infrastructure for Welfare Benefits -- Controlling for Mine-Induced Migration -- Summary of Results -- Annex 4A: Variable Definitions for Demographic and Health Surveys and Outcomes for Variables from Synthetic Control Analysis in Mali and Tanzania -- Notes -- References -- 5 Does Mining Reduce Agricultural Growth? Evidence from Large-Scale Gold Mining in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- Introduction. ; Remote Sensing and Economic Activity -- Data -- Growth Model and Results -- Conclusions -- Annex 5A: District-Level Growth Pattern Results -- Notes -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z -- Boxes -- 1.1 Environmental and Health Issues in Gold Mining Areas -- 1.2 What Is a Mining Community? -- 1.3 How Remote Sensing Informs Agricultural Production -- 3.1 Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining -- 4.1 Small-Scale Mining Poses Challenges for Identifying Impacts of Large-Scale Mines -- 4.2 Effect of a Mine Opening on Household Access to Sanitation in Mali -- Figures -- 1.1 GDP Growth by Country Groups, 2000-14 -- 1.2 Mine Openings, 1870-2014 -- 1.3 Human Development Index Scores in Selected African Countries, 2013 -- 1.4 Channels through Which Natural Resource Abundance Affects Local Communities -- 1.5 How Market and Fiscal Mechanisms Affect Well-Being -- 1.6 Gold Production in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 1980-2011 -- B1.2.1 Gold Mines in Mali and Spatial Buffers -- 1.7 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating the Geographic Distribution of Effects on Services Sector and Agricultural Employment for Women in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 1.8 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Agriculture, Manual Labor, Mining, and Wage Earnings for Men in Ghana and Mali -- 1.9 Changes in Income, Wages, and Expenditures in Ghana -- 1.10 Night Lights and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index before and after a Mine Opening -- 1.11 Ownership of Assets from a Mine Opening in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 1.12 Household Access to Infrastructure with a Mine Opening in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 1.13 Child Health Outcomes from a Mine Opening in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 1.14 Access to Health Services for Children in Mining Districts in Ghana. ; 1.15 Government Mining Revenues from Mining in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2001-13 -- 2.1 Effects of a Fiscal Revenue Windfall -- 2.2 Effects of a Local Demand Shock -- 2.3 Negative Externalities of Environmental Pollution -- 2A.1 Changes in Resource Endowments -- 3.1 Gold Exports in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2000-13 -- 3.2 Gold Exports as a Share of Total Exports in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2000-13 -- 3.3 Mining Employment in Tanzania, 2005-13 -- 3.4 Employment in Mining in Mali and Tanzania, 2005-13 -- 3.5 Share of License Fees and Local Development Funds in Mali's Communes, 1994-2010 -- 3.6 Government Mining Revenues in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2001-13 -- 3.7 Government Mining Revenues as a Percentage of Total Revenue in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 3.8 Fiscal Burden in Mali -- 3.9 Source of Budget Revenues for Mining Communes and Neighboring Communes in Mali, 2011-13 -- 3.10 Poverty Headcount in Mining and Other Areas in Mali -- 3.11 Population Growth Rate by Group of Communes and Mining Communes in Mali, 1998-2009 -- 3.12 Registered Firms by Employment in Four Tanzanian Towns, 2001 and 2011 -- 4.1 Gold Production in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 1980-2011 -- 4.2 Parallel Trends in Night Lights and Infant Mortality -- 4.3 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Geographic Distribution of Effects on Services Sector and Agricultural Employment for Women in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.4 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Migrants and Never-Movers, by Occupation in Services and Agriculture in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.5 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Agriculture, Manual Labor, Mining, and Wage Earnings for Men in Ghana and Mali -- 4.6 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Geographic Distribution of Effects on Household Radio Ownership in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania. ; 4.7 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Geographic Distribution of Effects on Radio Ownership for Migrants and Nonmigrants in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.8 Child Health Statistics in Mining and Nonmining Areas in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- B4.2.1 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Household Access to Toilets in Mali -- B4.2.2 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating No Toilet or Pit Toilet among Migrants and Never-Movers in Mali -- 4.9 Diarrhea Incidence in Ghana for Children under Age 5, by Migration Status -- 4.10 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Geographic Distribution of Effects on Electricity in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.11 Spatial Lag Model Illustrating Access to Electricity for Migrants and Never-Movers in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.12 Migration to Mining Areas in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 5.1 Actual and Predicted Log (GDP) Using Three Different Models in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2001-12 -- 5.2 Night Lights and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over a Mine's Lifetime -- 5A.1 GWR-Local R-Squared for Relationship between Dependent Variable Total Agricultural Production, by District and Independent Variable NDVI Intensity Sum, by District -- 5A.2 Log (global light sum), 2008-12 -- 5A.3 Correlation between GDP and Household Expenditures per Capita Levels for Ghana, 1991/92 and 2005/06 -- 5A.4 Correlation Between Night Light Intensity and Population at District Levels for Ghana, 2010 -- Maps -- 4.1 Large-Scale Gold Mines and Other Mines in Africa -- 4.2 Gold Mines and Gold Districts in Ghana -- 4.3 Gold Mines and Gold Districts in Mali -- 4.4 Gold Mines and Gold Districts in Tanzania -- 4.5 Gold Mines in Ghana and Spatial Buffers -- 5.1 Geographically Weighted Regression, by District in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2007. ; 5A.1 Spatial Analysis of Average Growth in Districts, Estimated by Growth Model in Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 2001-12 -- Tables -- 2.1 Empirical Evidence of the Impact of Resource Abundance on Local Growth -- 2.2 Empirical Evidence of the Impact of Resource Abundance on Local Living Standards -- 2.3 Empirical Evidence of the Impact of Resource Abundance on Corruption and Conflict -- 2.4 Empirical Evidence of the Impact of Mining-Related Pollution -- 3.1 Sectoral Spending, by Commune, of Mining Development Funds in Mali, 1994-2010 -- 3.2 Use of Infrastructure Services, by Group of Communes in Mali, 1998 and 2009 -- 3.3 Infrastructure Outcomes, by Group of Communes in Mali, 2013 -- 4.1 Mines in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania, 1990-2011 -- 4.2 Household Survey Data for Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.3 Summary Statistics from Demographic and Health Surveys in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.4 Occupations of Men and Women in Proximity to Mines in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.5 District-Level Effects on Occupation in Ghana's Gold and Neighboring Districts -- 4.6 District-Level Effects on Employment in Gold Districts in Mali and Tanzania -- 4.7 Changes in Income, Wages, and Expenditures in Ghana -- 4.8 Mapping Changes in Expenditure Composition in Ghana, Using the Living Standards Survey -- 4.9 Wealth Outcomes for Variables from Synthetic Control Analysis in Tanzania -- 4.10 Wealth Outcomes for Variables from Synthetic Control Analysis in Mali -- 4.11 Household Asset Accumulation in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.12 Household Asset Accumulation by Migration Status in Ghana, Mali, and Tanzania -- 4.13 Health Outcomes in Infancy and Children under Age 5 in Treatment Distance -- 4.14 District-Level Effects on Access to Health Services for Children in Ghana's Gold Districts. ; 4.15 Health Outcomes for Variables from Synthetic Control Analysis in Tanzania.
• Sommario/riassunto: This study focuses on the local and regional impact of large-scale gold mining in Africa in the context of a mineral boom in the region since 2000. It contributes to filling a gap in the literature on the welfare effects of mineral resources, which, until now, has concentrated more on the national or macroeconomic impacts. Economists have long been intrigued by the paradox that a rich endowment of natural resources may retard economic performance, particularly in the case of mineral-exporting developing countries. Studies of this phenomenon, known as the "resource curse", examine the economy-wide consequences of mineral exports. Africa's resource boom has lifted growth, but has been less successful in improving people's welfare. Yet much of the focus in academic and policy circles has been on appropriate management of the macro-fiscal and governance risks that have historically undermined development outcomes. This study focuses instead on the fortune of local communities where resources are located. It aims to better inform public policy and corporate behavior on the welfare of communities in Africa in which the extraction of resources takes place.
• Titolo autorizzato: Mining in Africa
• ISBN: 1-4648-0820-1
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910826081403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: World Bank e-Library.