Disinfectants and disinfectant by-products / / Subcommittee on Disinfectants and Disinfectant By-Products, Safe Drinking Water Committee, Board on Toxicology and Environmental Health Hazards, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1987
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (x, 207 pages) : illustrations
• Soggetto topico: Drinking water - Contamination - United States; Drinking water - Contamination; Drinking water - Health aspects - United States; Drinking water - Health aspects; Water - Pollution - Toxicology
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di contenuto: Drinking Water and Health -- Copyright -- List of Participants -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Executive Summary -- 2 Disinfection Methods and Efficacy -- CURRENT PRACTICES -- Collection -- Treatment -- Distribution -- CHLORINATION -- ALTERNATIVE METHODS -- Ozone -- Chlorine Dioxide -- Chloramination -- WATERBORNE PATHOGENS -- Giardia -- Viruses -- REFERENCES -- 3 Chemistry and Toxicity of Disinfection -- CHLORINATION -- Reactions and By-Products of Chlorination -- Model Compound Studies -- Isolated Acids -- Isolated Bases -- Scheme I -- Scheme II -- Chlorination Toxicity -- Toxicity of Concentrated Drinking Water -- Toxicity of Fractionated Drinking Water Concentrates -- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES -- Correlational Studies -- Erie County, New York -- Massachusetts -- Iowa -- Mortality Case-Control Studies -- Illinois -- Wisconsin -- Louisiana -- New York -- Massachusetts -- Case-Control Studies Using Personal Interview -- North Carolina -- Wisconsin -- National Bladder Cancer Study -- Groups at Increased Risk -- ALTERNATIVE METHODS -- Chloramination -- Chloramine Analysis -- Organic Nitrogen Compounds -- Chlorine Dioxide and Ozonation -- Use Patterns of Ozone and Chlorine Dioxide -- OXIDATION PROCESSES -- REFERENCES -- 4 Chemistry and Toxicity of Selected Disinfectants and By-Products -- CHLORINE -- Health Aspects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- CHLORINE DIOXIDE -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Reproductive Toxicity -- Teratogenicity -- Other Effects -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- CHLORAMINES -- Monochloramine -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects. ; Chronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Teratogenicity -- Other Effects -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- CHLORITE -- Sodium chlorite -- CHLORATE -- Sodium chlorate, Atlacide -- Metabolism -- Health Aspects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Chronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Developmental Effects -- Reproductive Effects -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- TRIHALOMETHANES -- Chloroform -- Dibromochloromethane -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Chronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- HALOACIDS -- Dichloroacetic Acid -- Trichloroacetic Acid -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Neurotoxic Effects -- Reproductive Effects -- Other Effects -- Conclusions And Recommendations -- HALOALDEHYDES -- Chloroacetaldehyde -- Dichloroacetaldehyde -- Trichloroacetaldehyde, Chloral -- Metabolism -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Chronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Teratogenicity -- Other Related Substances -- Summary and Conclusions -- HALOKETONES -- 1, 1, 1-Trichloroacetone -- 1, 1, 3, 3-Tetrachloroacetone -- Hexachloroacetone -- Metabolism -- Health Aspects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Chronic Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Reproductive Effects -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- HALOACETONITRILES -- Dichloroacetonitrile -- Trichloroacetonitrile, Trichloromethylnitrile, Tritox, Trichloromethyl cyanide -- Bromochloroacetonitrile. ; Dibromoacetonitrile -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Reproductive Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- CHLOROPICRIN -- Nitrotrichloromethane, Trichloronitromethane, Nitrochloroform -- Chemistry and Environmental Fate -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Chronic Effects -- Carcinogenicity -- Mutagenicity -- Reproductive Effects -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- CHLOROPHENOLS -- Monochlorophenols -- 2-Chlorophenol, o-Chlorophenol -- Dichlorophenols -- 2, 4-Dichlorophenol -- Trichlorophenols -- 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol, Dowicide 2S -- Metabolism -- Health Effects -- Observations in Humans -- Observations in Other Species -- Acute Effects -- Subchronic Effects -- Chronic Effects -- Reproductive Effects -- Mutagenicity -- Carcinogenicity -- Summary and Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- Chlorine -- Chlorine Dioxide -- Chloramines -- Chlorite and Chlorate -- Chloroform and Dibromochloromethane -- Haloacids -- Haloaldehydes -- Haloketones -- Haloacetonitriles -- Chloropicrin -- Chlorophenols -- 5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- DISINFECTION METHODS AND EFFICACY -- CHEMISTRY AND TOXICITY OF DISINFECTION -- Reactions and By-Products -- Toxicity -- Epidemiology -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: Part of the "Drinking Water and Health" series, this seventh volume addresses methods of drinking water disinfection and compares standard chlorination techniques with alternative methods. Various techniques are discussed in terms of their chemical activity, and their efficacy against waterborne pathogens is compared.
• Titolo autorizzato: Disinfectants and disinfectant by-products
• ISBN: 1-280-22153-4; 9786610221530; 0-309-55504-3; 0-585-14664-0
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910819272203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II