Myelodysplastic syndromes : from pathogenesis to diagnosis and therapy / / Hamid Sayar, editor

• Pubblicazione: New York, : Nova Science Publishers, 2013
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (309 p.)
• Soggetto topico: Myelodysplastic syndromes; Bone marrow - Diseases
• Altri autori: SayarHamid
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES -- MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES -- Contents -- Preface -- An Introduction to Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Presentation, Diagnosis, Classification, and Prognostication -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Etiology -- Pathobiology -- Cytogenetic, Genetic, and Epigenetic Alterations -- Cytogenetic Abnormalities -- Genetic Abnormalities -- Epigenetic Abnormalities -- Role of Immune System -- Bone Marrow Microenvironment -- Deregulated Apoptosis (Programmed Cell Death) -- Clinical Presentation -- Diagnosis -- Bone Marrow Aspirate -- Practical Technique to Assure Adequate Bone Marrow Particle Collection -- Bone Marrow Biopsy -- Touch Imprint and Clot Section -- Flow Cytometry -- Cytogenetics -- Atypical Forms of MDS -- MDS with Myelofibrosis -- Hypoplastic MDS -- Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MDS/MPN) -- Therapy Related MDS (t-MDS) -- 5q- Syndrome -- Classification -- Prognostication -- International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) -- WHO Prognostic Scoring System (WPSS) -- MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) Model -- Revised IPSS (IPSS-R) -- Other Prognostic Factors -- Cytogenetics -- Bone Marrow Fibrosis -- Hypoplastic MDS -- Therapy-Related MDS (t-MDS) -- 5q- Syndrome -- Neutropania -- Thrombocytopenia -- References -- Diagnostic Approach to Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Diagnostic Approach -- Morphologic Features -- Immunophenotyping by Flow Cytometry -- Cytogenetic and Genetic Features -- Classification of Myelodisplastic Syndromes -- Refractory Cytopenia with Unilineage Dysplasia (RCUD) -- Refractory Anemia with Ring Sideroblasts (RARS) -- Refractory Cytopenia with Multilineage Dysplasia (RCMD) -- Refractory Anemia with Excess of Blasts (RAEB) -- Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Isolated del(5q) -- Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable (MDS-U). ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes with Unique Morphological Features -- MDS with Fibrosis (MDS-F) -- Hypoplastic MDS (h-MDS) -- Erythroid-Predominant MDS (MDS-E) -- Conclusion -- References -- Cytogenetic Features of Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Cytogenetic Findings -- Cytogenetic Alterations and their Molecular Counterparts -- Y Chromosome Loss -- Rearrangements (3q) -- Deletion (5q) -- Rearrangements of 5q33 -- Partial or Total Loss of Chromosome 7: -7/del(7q) -- Trisomy 8 -- Deletion (17p) -- Deletion (20q) -- Complex Karyotype -- Risk Stratification of Cytogenetic Findings in MDS -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Molecular Genetic Abnormalitiesin Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Mutations in Epigenetic Regulators in MDS -- Mutations of the DNMT3A Gene -- Mutations of the TET2 Gene -- Mutations of the IDH1 and IDH2 Genes -- Mutations of the EZH2 Gene -- Mutations of the UTX Gene -- Mutations of the ASXL1 Gene -- Mutations of the c-CBL Gene -- RUNX1 Mutations -- RAS Mutations in MDS -- TP53 Mutations -- Mutations in RNA Splicing Machinery -- Mutations in Other Genes in MDS Patients -- Conclusion and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Epigenetic Changes in the Pathogenesis and Therapyof Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Regulation of Gene Expression by DNA Methylation -- Types of Histone Methylation Modification and Their Regulatory Mechanisms -- Histone Acetylation Status -- MicroRNAs and Epigenetic Machinery -- Protein EVI1 and Epigenetic Machinery -- Epigenetic Therapy in MDS -- Azacitidine Clinical Studies -- Decitabine Clinical Studies -- Comparison of Azacitidine and Decitabine -- Biomarkers of Sensitivity to Hypomethylating Agents -- Resistance to Hypomethylating Agents -- New Hypomethylating Agents. ; Combinations of Hypomethylating Agents with Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors or Other Drugs -- Conclusion and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Conventional and Molecular Cytogenetic Techniques and TheirApplication in Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Work-Up at Diagnosis and Prognostic Means -- Conventional Cytogenetics in MDS -- CC Application in MDS -- Molecular Cytogenetics in MDS -- Fluorescence in-Situ Hybridization: Principle -- FISH Application in MDS -- FISH: Technical Considerations and Limitations -- Comparative Genomic Hybridization: Principle -- Array Based Karyotyping -- Array-CGH: Principle and General Features -- SNP-Array: Principle and General Features -- Technical Considerations of Array Karyotyping -- Detection of Copy Number Changes and Copy-Neutral Loss of Heterozygosity -- CGH and Array-CGH: Application and Limitation in MDS -- SNP-A: Application and Limitation in MDS -- Next Generation Sequencing or Second Generation Sequencing (NGS) -- Somatically Acquired Point Mutations in MDS -- Molecular Cytogenetics Provides New Insights in MDS Pathogenesis and Progression to Acute Leukemia -- Molecular Cytogenetics Insights in Tailoring Patient Management -- Conclusion -- References -- Pathogenesis of 5q- Syndromeand Its Therapy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Possible Role of Candidate Genes from CDR in 5q- Syndrome -- Role of SPARC in 5q- Syndrome -- RPS14 and Ribosomopathies -- Role of miR-145 and miR-146a in 5q- Syndrome -- The Importance of p53 in the Molecular Mechanism of 5q- Syndrome -- Activation of p53 by Ribosome Dysfunction in Model Systems -- Activation of p53 and Up-Regulation of the p53 Pathway in 5q- Syndrome -- Relation between p53 and miR145 -- Role of Other Genes in 5q- Syndrome -- Role of Genes Positioned on 5q Chromosome -- Role of Genes not Positioned on 5q Chromosome. ; Treatment of 5q- Syndrome -- Conclusion and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Cytogenetic and Molecular Dissection of Chromosome 20 Alterations in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Identification of Deleted and Retained Regions -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Deletions of the Long Arm of Chromosome 20 -- Monosomy of Chromosome 20 -- Derivatives and Dicentrics of Chromosome 20 -- Isoderivatives of the Long Arm of Chromosome 20 -- Reciprocal Translocations Involving Chromosome 20 -- Commonly Deleted and Retained Regionsof Chromosome 20 -- Candidate Genes -- Candidate Genes Present in the CDR -- Candidate Genes Present in the Proximal CRR -- Candidate Genes Present in the Distal CRR -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Cellular Evolutionary Entity,Epigenetic Alterations and Microenvironment of Myelodysplastic Syndromes -A Working Hypothesis of MDS Pathogenesis -- Abstract -- The Hematopoietic Cells in MDS -- The MDS Bone Marrow Cellularity -- Cellular Diversity in MDS -- The Clonal Origin, Evolution and Fate of MDS Cells -- MDS Stem Cells in Animal Models -- Molecular Changes in MDS -- Alteration of Gene Expression Profile -- Mutated Genes Involving Epigenetic Regulation and Reprogramming -- The Microenvironment of Bone Marrow Niches and HSCs in MDS -- Structural and Physiological Effects of Niches on HSC Development in the Normal Bone Marrow -- Changes in Structure and Possible Effects of Niches on HSCs in MDS -- Possible Role of Immune System in Development of MDS -- A Working Hypothesis on Mechanism of MDS Pathogenesis -- The Schema and an Overall Explanation of Our Hypothesis -- Epigenetic Alterations as an Early Event in MDS Clone Formation -- Effect of Environmental Niches on Regulation of Metabolism and Alteration in Epigenetics of HSCs -- The Concept of MDS Stem Cell Coexistance with Normal HSCs. ; Implications and Perspectives -- Disclosure of Interest Conflict -- Grant Support -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Treatment of Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Risk Stratification -- MDS Patient with Anemia -- Del (5q) -- Immunosuppressive Therapy -- Lenalidomide in Non-Del (5q) MDS -- Anemic Patient Failing Less Intensive Therapies -- Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agents (ESA) and Addition of Granulocyte Growth Factors -- Available ESA -- Lower-Risk MDS with Thrombocytopeniaor Neutropenia -- Role of Granulocyte Growth Factors (GCSF and GM-CSF) for Neutropenia -- Prophylactic Antibiotics in Neutropenic Patients -- Prognostic Value of Thrombocytopneia -- Thrombopoietin Mimetics -- Myelodysplastic Syndrome/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MDS/MPN) -- Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML) -- Iron Overload -- Immunosuppression -- Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) Single Agent -- Cyclosporine Single Agent -- Combination of ATG and Cyclosporine -- Summary -- Conclusion -- References -- Treatment of Higher-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Risk Stratification -- Lower-Risk MDS that are Treated Similar to Higher-Risk Disease -- Higher-Risk MDS -- Evaluation of Response in Patients with MDS: The IWG Response Criteria -- DNA Hypomethylating Agents -- Azacitidine -- Decitabine -- Azacitidine Versus Decitabine -- Route, Scheduling, Dosing and Duration of Treatment -- Toxicities and Adverse Events -- Sequential Treatment with Hypomethylating Agents -- Hypomethylating Agents in Low Risk MDS -- Hypomethylating Agents in Poor-Risk Cytogenetics -- TET-2 Mutations and Response to Hypomethylating Agents -- Hypomethylating Agents in the Elderly -- Resistance to Hypomethylating Agents -- Outcomes after Failure of Hypomethylating Agents -- High Intensity (Induction) Chemotherapy. ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT).
• Titolo autorizzato: Myelodysplastic syndromes
• ISBN: 1-62417-580-5
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910810020703321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II