Conservation science : heritage materials / / editors, Eric May, Mark Jones

• Pubblicazione: Cambridge, : Royal Society of Chemistry, 2006
• Edizione: 2nd ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (391 pages)
• Disciplina: 069.53
• Soggetto topico: Museum conservation methods; Art objects - Conservation and restoration; Antiques - Conservation and restoration; Historic preservation
• Altri autori: MayEric JonesMark <1951->
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Conservation Science -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1 Cultural Heritage: The Archaeologist, the Conservator and the Public - An Essential Coalition -- 1.1 The Archaeologist -- 1.2 The Conservator -- 2 From Discovery to Display -- 2.1 Special Problems of Underwater Recovery -- 2.2 The Raising of the Mary Rose: A Case Study -- 2.3 Preservation of the Evidence: A Multi-discipline Task -- 3 Conservation with a Purpose -- 4 Museums: The Past into the Future -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 2 Methods in Conservation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminary Examination -- 3 Analytical Methods -- 3.1 Interaction of Radiation with Matter -- 3.2 Interaction of Elemental Particles with Matter -- 3.3 Dating Methods -- 4 Diagnosis of Deterioration Processes -- 5 Conservation Treatments -- 5.1 Cleaning -- 5.2 Desalination -- 5.3 Consolidation -- 5.4 Disinfestation -- 6 Preventive Conservation -- 7 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 3 Paper -- 1 The Constituents of Paper -- 1.1 Fibres -- 1.2 Paper Size -- 2 The Directional Properties of Paper -- 3 How Paper Interacts with Water -- 4 Deterioration of Paper -- 4.1 Acid-Catalysed Hydrolysis of Cellulose -- 4.2 Oxidation of Cellulose -- 5 Deacidification -- 6 Bleaching and Washing of Paper to Remove Discolouration -- 7 Foxing -- 8 Accelerated Ageing Tests -- 9 Safe Environments for Paper -- 10 Methods for Monitoring the Deterioration of Paper -- 10.1 Physical Measurements -- 10.2 Chemical Methods -- 11 Characterisation of Paper -- 12 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 4 Textiles -- 1 The Variety of Textiles -- 2 Textile Materials -- 3 Case Study 1: Linen Fibres and the Victory Sail -- 3.1 The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Linen -- 3.2 The Mechanical Performance of the Victory Sail -- 3.3 Degradation of Cellulosic Fibres. ; 3.4 Acidity Measurements on the Victory Sail -- 3.5 Conservation and Display of the Victory Fore Topsail -- 4 Case Study 2: Silk Fibres and the Shackleton Ensign -- 4.1 The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Silk -- 4.2 Silk Processing for Use as a Textile Fibre -- 4.3 The Condition of the Shackleton Ensign -- 4.4 Assessing the Condition of Silk by Microanalytical Techniques -- 4.5 Degradation of Silk Fibres -- 4.6 Conservation Treatment of the Shackleton Ensign -- 5 Case Study 3: Wool Fibres and the Tree of Jesse Tapestry -- 5.1 The Chemical Composition and Microstructure of Wool -- 5.2 Wool as a Textile Fibre -- 5.3 Degradation of Wool -- 5.4 Assessing the Condition of Wool by Microanalytical Techniques -- 5.5 Conservation and Treatment of the Tree of Jesse Tapestry -- 6 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 5 Leather -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Nature and Properties of Leather -- 2.1 Criteria which Define Tannage -- 2.2 Collagen -- 2.3 Tanning Materials -- 3 The Manufacture of Leather -- 3.1 Vegetable Tanning Processes -- 3.2 Alum Tawing -- 3.3 Oil Tannage -- 3.4 Fur Dressing -- 4 The Deterioration of Leather -- 4.1 Physical Deterioration -- 4.2 Biological Deterioration -- 4.3 Chemical Deterioration -- 5 Conservation Techniques -- 5.1 Biological Deterioration -- 5.2 Chemical Deterioration -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 6 Metals -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Extraction -- 1.2 Metallurgy -- 2 Corrosion -- 3 Field Treatment and Transportation -- 4 Conservation -- 4.1 Acid Pickling -- 4.2 Aqueous Washing -- 4.3 Electrolytic Conservation -- 4.4 Hydrogen Reduction -- 5 Stabilisation and Consolidation -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 7 Glass and Ceramics -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Deterioration and Conservation of Glass -- 2.1 History of Glassmaking. ; 2.2 Chemical Composition, Structure, and Physical Properties -- 2.3 Degradation Mechanisms: Basic Reactions in Water -- 2.4 Degradation of Objects Indoors -- 2.5 Weathering of Stained Glass Windows -- 2.6 Degradation of Archaeological Glasses -- 2.7 Conservation Materials: Coatings, Consolidants, Adhesives -- 2.8 Restoration and Cleaning -- 2.9 Conditions for Storage and Display -- 3 Deterioration and Conservation of Ceramics -- 3.1 History and Technology -- 3.2 Raw Materials -- 3.3 Firing Process -- 3.4 Colouration and Glazes -- 3.5 Dating and Provenance -- 3.6 Deterioration -- 3.7 Restoration and Conservation -- 4 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 8 Plastics -- 1 Plastics in Heritage Collections -- 2 The Chemistry and Physics of Plastics -- 2.1 Preparation of Polymers -- 2.2 Additives -- 2.3 Shaping Plastics -- 3 Identification of Plastics -- 3.1 Simple tests -- 3.2 Analytical Techniques -- 4 Degradation of Plastics -- 4.1 Degradation of Cellulose Nitrate -- 4.2 Degradation of Cellulose Acetate -- 4.3 Degradation of Plasticised PVC -- 4.4 Degradation of Polyurethane Foam -- 5 Conservation of Plastics -- 5.1 Conservation of Cellulose Nitrate -- 5.2 Conservation of Cellulose Acetate -- 5.3 Conservation of Plasticised PVC -- 5.4 Conservation of Polyurethane Foam -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 9 Stone -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Degradation 'Equation' -- 2.1 Material -- 2.2 Process -- 2.3 Environment -- 2.4 Limestone Weathering in an Urban Environment: Illustration of the Interaction of the Three Factors -- 3 Microorganisms and Stone Decay -- 3.1 Light-dependent Microbial Growths -- 3.2 Organics-dependent Microbial Growths -- 3.3 Inorganics-dependent Microbial Growths -- 3.4 Stone Colonisation and Biofilms -- 3.5 Interactions of Microbes with Stone Salts -- 4 Conservation Practices. ; 4.1 Identification -- 4.2 Prevention -- 4.3 Barriers to Agents of Degradation -- 4.4 Removal of Degradation -- 4.5 Control of Microbial Growths using Biocides -- 4.6 Consolidation -- 4.7 Replacement -- 5 Conclusion -- 6 Suggestions for Further Reading -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 10 Wall Paintings: Aspects of Deterioration and Restoration -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Wall Paintings as an Integral Part of Buildings -- 3 Damaging Processes -- 3.1 Deterioration by Soluble Salts -- 3.2 Deterioration by Microorganisms -- 4 Cleaning and Consolidation -- 4.1 Consolidation -- 4.2 Cleaning Methodologies -- 5 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Chapter 11 Conservation of Ancient Timbers from the Sea -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Biodeteriogens -- 2.1 Marine Wood-Boring Animals -- 2.2 Lignolytic Marine Microorganisms -- 2.3 Erosion Bacteria -- 2.4 Tunnelling Bacteria -- 2.5 Cavitation Bacteria -- 2.6 Bacterial Symbionts of Shipworm -- 2.7 Soft Rot Fungi -- 2.8 Basidiomycete Fungi -- 2.9 Insect Borers -- 3 Wood Structure -- 3.1 Archaeological Wood Recovered from the Marine Environment -- 3.2 Properties and Condition of Waterlogged Archaeological Wood -- 3.3 Storage of Waterlogged Archaeological Wood -- 3.4 Wrapping in Polyethylene Bags or Sheeting -- 3.5 Storage of Large Wooden Artefacts -- 3.6 The Storage of the Mary Rose Hull -- 3.7 Reburial -- 4 Conservation of Archaeological Wood -- 4.1 Definitions and Aims -- 4.2 Lumen-filling Treatments -- 4.3 Bulking Treatments -- 4.4 Surface Coatings -- 5 Conservation Methods -- 5.1 Removal of Mineral Inclusions -- 5.2 Microbial Activity -- 5.3 Polyethylene Glycol Method -- 5.4 In-situ Polymerisation with Radiation Curing Monomers and Resins -- 5.5 Drying Following Conservation Treatment -- 6 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading. ; Chapter 12 In-situ Preservation of Waterlogged Archaeological Sites -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Environmental Monitoring -- 2.1 Water Level -- 2.2 Pore Water Composition -- 2.3 Redox Potential (Eh) -- 2.4 pH -- 3 Deterioration of Modern Materials Analogous to Artefacts -- 4 What does Environmental Monitoring Alone Tell us? -- 4.1 Case Study: In situ Preservation of the Site of Nydam -- 4.2 Deterioration and Protection of Wooden Artefacts -- 4.3 Deterioration of Iron Artefacts -- 5 Conclusions -- References and Further Reading -- Subject Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: Conservation of artefacts and heritage materials is an increasingly popular and fascinating area, spanning both historical and scientific disciplines. Materials come in many forms ranging from sunken ships to tapestries, from buildings to books. With this wide range of matrices and materials to analyse and preserve, an interdisciplinary approach is needed drawing upon skills from many areas of knowledge. Conservation Science: Heritage Materials links these fields of research together forming a comprehensive text book that discusses analytical aspects, wall paintings, organic and inorganic mate
• Titolo autorizzato: Conservation science
• ISBN: 1-84755-762-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910812428603321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II