{"text_format":"2","workbook":"xls","n_sheets":1,"sheets":["report2"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":0,"macros":0,"external_links":1,"defined_names":2,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"run_cost":"one","rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900","formulas":"cached_only"}

{"sheet":"report2","index":0,"n_rows":42,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":42,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,2,0,3],[0,4,0,5],[1,2,1,3],[1,4,1,5],[2,2,2,3],[3,2,3,3],[4,2,4,3],[5,2,5,3],[6,2,6,3],[10,2,10,3],[11,2,11,3],[16,2,16,3],[16,4,16,5],[17,2,17,3],[17,4,17,5],[18,2,18,3],[18,4,18,5],[19,2,19,3],[21,2,21,3],[25,2,25,3],[26,2,26,3],[27,2,27,3],[28,2,28,3],[29,2,29,3],[30,2,30,3],[32,2,32,3]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNISA996336377003316"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Toronto special events : TSE"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Toronto, : Maclean-Hunter, 1993-[1995?]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource"]
[null,null,"Classificazione",null,"cci1icc"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"971.3/541/005"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Periodicals."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Toronto (Ont.) Periodicals"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Toronto (Ont.) Périodiques"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Ontario Toronto"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Periodico"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Title from cover."]
[{"$nulls":4},"\"Published ... by Meetings and Incentive travel, a Maclean Hunter publication\"."]
[{"$nulls":4},"At head of title: TSE."]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9911020075103321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Engelmann Sven"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Advanced Thermoforming : Methods, Machines and Materials, Applications, Automation, Sustainability, and the Circular Economy"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2023"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2023"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9781119666189"]
[{"$nulls":4},"111966618X"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781119666165"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1119666163"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[2nd ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (435 pages)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"668.4/23"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Thermoforming"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface to Second Edition -- Preface to First Edition -- Introduction to Second Edition -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 Basics of Thermoforming and Thermoplastics -- 2.1 THERMOFORMING METHODS -- 2.2 POSITIVE FORMING -- 2.3 NEGATIVE FORMING -- 2.4 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THERMOFORMING -- 2.5 THERMOFORMING MACHINES -- 2.5.1 Sheet-Processing Machines -- 2.5.2 Roll-Fed Machines -- 2.5.3 Skin and Blister Machines -- 2.5.4 Forming, Filling, and Sealing Machines -- 2.6 SEMIFINISHED THERMOPLASTIC PRODUCTS -- 2.6.1 Free Shrinkage -- 2.6.2 Mold Shrinkage -- Chapter 3 Production of Semifinished Products, Extrusion, and Coextrusion -- 3.1 EXTRUSION -- 3.1.1 No Thermoforming without Extrusion -- 3.1.2 Description: Volumetric/Gravimetric -- 3.1.3 Feed Section -- 3.1.4 Transition or Compression Section -- 3.1.5 Metering Section -- 3.1.6 Venting Section -- 3.1.7 Second Transition Section -- 3.1.8 Second Metering Section -- 3.1.9 Mixing Section -- 3.1.10 Screw Materials and Tolerances -- 3.1.11 The Barrel -- 3.1.12 The Vent -- 3.1.13 The Drive -- 3.1.14 Breaker Plate and Screen Pack -- 3.1.15 The Die -- 3.1.16 Static and Dynamic Mixers -- 3.1.17 Gear Pumps -- 3.1.18 Granulation and Material Feed Issues -- 3.1.19 The Output (Flow) of an Extruder -- 3.1.20 Sheet Roll Stack and Take-Away Equipment -- 3.1.21 The Polishing Roll Stack -- 3.1.22 Sideways "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Curling -- 3.1.23 Effects of a Rolling Bank -- 3.1.24 The Slitting Unit and Draw Rolls -- 3.1.25 The Finishing Section -- 3.1.26 Typical Barrel Temperature Profile for Polystyrene -- 3.1.27 Effect of Regrind on Extruder Output -- 3.2 COEXTRUSION -- Chapter 4 Introduction to Technical Parts -- Chapter 5 Antenna Radome Manufacturing -- 5.1 WEATHER-RESISTANT HIGH-IMPACT POLYSTYRENE -- 5.2 THE EFFECT OF UV LIGHT -- 5.3 WETTING RESISTANCE."]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.4 ANTENNA GAIN -- 5.5 WATER AND ANTENNA GAIN -- Chapter 6 Fuel Tank Production on Sheet Machines -- Chapter 7 Automotive Body and Commercial Vehicle Applications -- 7.1 APPLICATIONS FOR CAR BODIES-ABS/PMMA -- 7.2 CAR BODIES FOR UTILITY VEHICLES -- 7.3 COVER FOR HEAD LAMP -- Chapter 8 Production of Refrigerator Liners -- 8.1 HIGH-IMPACT POLYSTYRENE (PS-HI)1 -- 8.2 SYNTHESIS -- 8.3 MORPHOLOGY -- 8.4 MECHANISM OF RUBBER REINFORCEMENT -- 8.5 PROPERTIES OF PS-HI1 -- 8.6 RUBBER-MODIFIED SAN COPOLYMERS (ABS)2 -- 8.7 GENERAL GRADES OF ABS -- 8.7.1 Weather-Resistant Impact Grades -- 8.7.2 Extrusion and Coextrusion of Polystyrene3 -- 8.8 THE THERMOFORMING PRODUCTION PROCESS -- 8.9 ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS CRACKING4 -- 8.9.1 Liquid Agents -- 8.9.2 Rubber Modification -- 8.9.3 Gaseous Agents -- 8.9.4 Oxidation-Induced Embrittlement -- 8.10 REFRIGERATOR OUTSIDE COVERS -- Chapter 9 Paint Replacement in Automotive Applications -- 9.1 PAINT REPLACEMENT -- 9.2 REASONS FOR REPLACEMENT OF PAINT IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS2 -- 9.3 LAYER CONSTRUCTION OF COEXTRUDED INLINE COLORED PLASTIC SHEETS -- 9.4 COLOR MANAGEMENT DURING PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND PRODUCTION -- 9.4.1 Color Formulation Process -- 9.4.2 Color Approval by Customer -- 9.4.3 Quality Assurance of Colors during Production -- 9.5 REQUIREMENTS FROM THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ON SURFACE QUALITY -- 9.6 REQUIREMENTS FROM THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY ON COLOR MATCH -- 9.7 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY AND \"ORANGE PEEL\" -- 9.8 EXAMPLES OF PAINT REPLACEMENT IN AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS -- 9.8.1 Use of Color Contrasts -- 9.8.2 Approved Color Match: Thermoformed Pickup Covers -- 9.9 PAINT-FILM TECHNOLOGY: PAINTING PRIOR TO THERMOFORMING -- 9.9.1 Outlook -- 9.9.2 Chrome Optics -- Chapter 10 Motor Air Intake Made from PA 6 GF 15 -- Chapter 11 Sanitary Equipment (Sheet Machine) -- 11.1 FROM THE RIG TO THE THERMOFORMING MACHINE -- 11.2 FINISHING."]
[{"$nulls":4},"11.3 REINFORCEMENT METHODS FOR BATHTUBS -- Chapter 12 Thermoforming and Milling of Large-Scale Formed Parts (Sheet Machine) -- 12.1 SURFACE PROBLEMS -- 12.1.1 The Avoidance of Chill Marks -- 12.2 MOLD SHRINKING AND FREE SHRINKAGE -- 12.3 EXPANSION -- 12.4 THE DECISION BETWEEN POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE FORMING -- 12.5 TWIN-SHEET FORMING -- 12.6 AUTOMATION -- 12.6.1 Comparison of Semi-Automatic and Fully Automatic Thermoforming Lines -- 12.6.2 Further Treatment of Large-Scale Thermoformed Parts -- Chapter 13 Changeover of Sheet Machines -- 13.1 THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF THE CHANGEOVER PROCEDURE -- 13.1.1 Quick Clamping System for Molds -- 13.1.2 The Infinitely Adjustable Clamping Frame -- 13.1.3 The Infinitely Adjustable Window Plate System -- 13.1.4 Quick and Efficient Heating (Halogen Heater Elements) -- 13.1.5 The Programmable Axes -- 13.1.6 Mold Change Machine -- 13.2 SHORTENING OF CHANGEOVER WITH HIGH-QUALITY EQUIPMENT -- Chapter 14 Chromed Parts -- Chapter 15 Applications in Aircraft and Mass Transportation -- 15.1 CURRENT GOVERNMENT AND OEM SPECIFICATIONS FOR FLAMMABILITY -- 15.1.1 FAR 25.853a, i and ii -- 15.1.2 FAR 25.853d -- 15.1.3 Toxicity -- 15.2 USE OF ACRYL/PVC -- 15.3 POLYCARBONATE -- 15.3.1 Broad Compliance -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"15.3.2 Outstanding Aesthetics -- 15.3.3 Low Weight -- 15.3.4 Improved Processing and Part Design -- 15.3.5 An Expanding Range of Applications -- 15.3.6 Case Study3 -- 15.4 POLYETHERIMIDE (PEI) -- 15.4.1 PEI Sheets for Aircraft and Passenger Train Interiors4 -- 15.5 POLYPHENYLSULFONE (PPSU) -- Chapter 16 High-Quality and Fully Transparent Products (Sheet Machines) -- 16.1 THICK AND SELF-SUPPORTING CLASS-A FORMED PARTS -- 16.2 CLASS-A MOLDED PARTS FOR IN-MOLD DECORATION -- 16.3 DEVELOPMENT OF FULLY TRANSPARENT PRODUCTS -- 16.3.1 Material -- 16.3.2 Creation of the Environment -- Chapter 17 Deco Molding and Multi-deco Molding."]
[{"$nulls":4},"17.1 THERMOFORMING -- 17.2 INJECTION MOLDING -- 17.2.1 Door Handles -- 17.2.2 The Tripartite Dashboard -- 17.2.3 Instrument Board -- 17.2.4 Radio Bezel and Gear Shift Cover -- 17.3 TACTILE EFFECTS -- 17.4 OTHER SECTOR PARTS -- 17.5 MULTI-DECO MOLDING -- 17.6 THE AUTOMATED SEQUENCE PROCESS -- Chapter 18 Smart Manufacturing -- 18.1 TRANSATLANTIC COOPERATION -- 18.2 DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT -- 18.3 CONCLUSION -- 18.4 REMOTE THERMOFORMING LINE COMMISSIONING AND REMOTE SERVICE SUPPORT -- Chapter 19 Automotive Body Parts Made of PA + ABS -- Chapter 20 Softfeel Made from ABS/TPU Material -- Chapter 21 Introduction to Packaging -- Chapter 22 Optimizing a Thermoforming Process for Packaging -- 22.1 METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING A PROCESS TO PRODUCE A THERMOFORMED ARTICLE FROM POLYMERIC MATERIAL -- 22.2 CHARACTERIZATION OF RESINS BY PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS -- 22.3 VARIABLES THAT CAN BE ALTERED TO INFLUENCE THE PLUG FORCE AND CAVITY PRESSURE -- 22.4 APPLICATION EXAMPLES -- Chapter 23 Analysis of Thermoforming Films -- 23.1 GENERAL ANALYSIS OF THERMOFORMING FILMS1 -- 23.2 TESTS MEASURING FREE SHRINKAGE -- 23.3 TESTS MEASURING THICKNESS -- 23.4 TENSILE STRENGTH TEST -- 23.5 SURFACE TEXTURE TEST FOR THE GLOSS FACTOR -- 23.6 FLAME COLORATION -- Chapter 24 Advanced Analysis of Thermoforming Films -- 24.1 PRODUCT QUALITY DEMANDS -- 24.2 DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY -- 24.3 DMA (DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSIS) -- 24.3.1 The Functional Principle -- 24.3.2 The Complex E-modulus E* in Conjunction with Temperature -- 24.4 TORSION PENDULUM TEST -- 24.5 SUMMARY -- Chapter 25 Analysis of Thermoformed Products -- 25.1 WALL THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION -- 25.1.1 Examples of Measuring Wall Thickness of Cups -- 25.2 TOP LOAD -- 25.3 VISUAL APPEARANCE -- 25.4 WATER VAPOR PERMEABILITY -- 25.5 OXYGEN PERMEABILITY -- 25.6 TRANSPARENCY."]
[{"$nulls":4},"25.7 TESTING DEVICE FOR THE PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT OF THERMOFORMABILITY* -- Chapter 26 Analysis of Completely Formed, Filled, and Sealed Containers -- 26.1 BURST PRESSURE AND IMPERMEABILITY -- 26.1.1 Vacuum -- 26.1.2 Air Pressure -- 26.2 RHODAMINE TEST -- 26.3 GENERAL REMARK ON IMPERMEABILITY TESTS -- 26.4 OPENING FORCE -- Chapter 27 Automated Packaging -- 27.1 CUTTING SUBSEQUENT TO FORMING -- 27.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMOFORMING PACKAGING LINES -- 27.2.1 Indexed Production -- 27.2.2 Continuous Production -- 27.2.3 Quasi-Continuous Production -- 27.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF PACKAGING MACHINE CONTROL -- 27.3.1 Indexed Production -- 27.3.2 Continuous Production -- 27.3.3 Quasi-Continuous Production -- 27.4 FORMING, FILLING, AND SEALING (FFS) -- 27.4.1 The Picker Line -- 27.4.2 Speed Lines -- 27.4.3 Lines with Automatic Handling -- 27.5 FORMING, PUNCHING, FILLING, AND SEALING (FPF) -- 27.6 FORMING, CROSS-CUTTING, FILLING, SEALING/PUNCHING (FCFS) -- 27.7 CONCLUSION -- Chapter 28 Production of Flowerpots -- 28.1 THE THERMOFORMING MACHINE -- 28.2 HEATING SYSTEM -- 28.3 THE FORMING STATION -- 28.3.1 Plug "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Materials -- 28.4 FORMING AIR -- 28.5 CHALK AS A FILLER -- 28.5.1 Calcium Carbonate in Thermoforming Applications -- 28.5.2 Natural Calcium Carbonate -- 28.5.3 Advantages of Calcium Carbonate -- 28.5.4 Summary -- Chapter 29 Perforated Fruit and Vegetable Trays Made Easy -- Chapter 30 Steel Rule Die Punching -- 30.1 BASICS -- 30.2 SHAPES OF CUTTING EDGES -- 30.3 CREATION OF ANGEL HAIR DURING STEEL RULE DIE CUTTING -- 30.3.1 Development of Angel Hair -- 30.3.2 Influence of Steel Rule Temperature on the Creation of Angel Hair -- 30.3.3 Influence of Film Material on Creation of Angel Hair -- Chapter 31 Production of Meat Trays -- 31.1 VACUUM PACKAGING -- 31.2 ACTIVE PACKAGING -- 31.3 MAP -- 31.4 PRODUCTION PROCESS FOR THE PP TRAY -- 31.5 NEW DEVELOPMENTS."]
[{"$nulls":4},"31.5.1 Symmetric Drives."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","\"This book offers an overview and new insights into thermoforming, for which there are different processes available depending on the needed application. Refinements in machine technology leads to higher productivity, better quality parts, lower material costs, and better profitability. Mold technology and flexible molds are also critical to thermoforming application, and this book highlights both the existing and new standards in this technology. This book also addresses the simulation of formed parts as well as applications of technical parts and packaging. The reader is guided through the path of development, design, machine and mold technology and production. Along with updating content, this edition adds new coverage of sustainability in packaging, mold technology, electromotive, and developments in new materials\"--"]