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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9911008397803321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Inamuddin"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Degradation of Plastics"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Millersville, PA : , : Materials Research Forum LLC, , 2021"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2021"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9781644901335"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1644901331"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (335 pages)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Materials Research Foundations ; ; v.99"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"620.1923"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Plastics--Biodegradation"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Plastics--Deterioration"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- front-matter -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- 1 -- Introduction, Past and Present Scenarios of  Plastic Degradation -- 2. History of plastic -- 3. Types of plastic and their uses -- 3.1 Natural polymers -- 3.2 Synthetic polymers -- 4. Hazards of plastic -- 5. Degradation of plastic -- 5.1 Abiotic degradation -- 5.2 Biotic degradation -- 5.2.1 Aerobic biodegradation -- 5.2.2 Anaerobic biodegradation -- 6. Types of degradation method -- 6.1 Photodegradation -- 6.2 Thermo-oxidative degradation -- 6.3 Mechano-chemical degradation -- 6.4 Catalytic degradation -- 6.5 Chemical degradation -- 6.5.1 Solovolysis or hydrolysis -- 6.5.2 Ozonolysis -- 6.6 Biodegradation -- 7. Factors affecting plastic degradation -- 7.1 Chemical and physical properties of plastic -- 7.2 Environment factors -- 8. The plastic waste management -- 8.1 Past scenario -- 8.1.1 Landfills -- 8.1.2 Incineration or waste to energy conversion -- 8.1.3 Recycling -- 8.2 Present approach and prevention for plastic waste management -- 8.2.1 Organic disposal -- 8.2.2 Reduce the use of plastic -- 8.2.3 Biodegradable plastic -- 8.2.4 Up conversion of plastic into value added product -- Conclusion and future prospective -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 -- Biodegradable Plastics from  Renewable Raw Materials -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Types of bioplastics -- 2.1 Bio-based plastics -- 2.2 Bio-degradable plastics -- 2.3 Bio-based and bio-degradable plastics -- 3. Advantages of bio-plastics -- 4. Overview of renewable raw materials -- 5. Production of biobased polymers -- 5.1 From biomass "]
[{"$nulls":4},"(by extraction and separation) -- 5.1.1 Polysaccharides -- 5.1.2 Ligno-cellulose material -- 5.1.3 Other material -- 6. Proteins -- 6.1 Plant protein -- 6.2 Animal protein -- 7. From micro-organisms (fermentation) -- 7.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates -- 7.2 Biobased polyesters (PLA, PET, PEF, PTT)."]
[{"$nulls":4},"8. Biobased alkyds resin -- 9. Other biobased polyesters -- 9.1 Biobased polyamides -- 9.2 Biobased polyurethane -- 9.3 Biobased polyacrylates -- 9.4 Biobased polyolefins -- 9.5 Biobased polyvinyl chloride -- 9.6 Epoxy resins -- 9.7 From waste (by processing industrial bio-waste) -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- 3 -- 1. Introduction to degradable &amp -- biodegradable plastics -- 2. Petroleum based plastics -- 2.1 Biobased Polypropylene -- 2.2 Biobased polyethylene terephthalate (PET) -- 3. Recycling -- 3.1 Recyclable bioplastics -- 3.2 Reusable plastic bag -- 3.3 Recycling issues related to biodegradable plastic -- 3.4 Marine plastic debris recycling -- 3.5 Recycling of packaging plastics -- Conclusions -- Challenges and future perspective -- References -- 4 -- Enzymes Involved in Plastic Degradation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate -- 3. Enzymatic degradation of polyurethane -- 4. Enzymatic degradation of polyethylene -- 5. Enzymatic degradation of polystyrene -- 6. Enzymatic degradation of polyvinylchloride (PVC) -- 7. Enzymatic degradation of polyvinylchloride polyamide (PA) -- Conclusions -- References -- 5 -- Plastic Biodegradation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Environmental impact of plastics -- 2.1 Ocean and land pollution -- 2.2 Disruption of food chains due to the toxicity of plastic -- 3. Types of bioplastics -- 3.1 Bio-based plastics (Hydro-biodegradable) -- 3.2 Oxo-biodegradable plastics -- 3.3 Biodegradable plastic -- 3.4 Types of Biodegradable Plastics -- 4. Biodegradation of plastic -- 4.1 Aerobic biodegradation of plastic -- 4.2 Anaerobic biodegradation of plastic -- 5. Stages of biodegradation of plastic -- 5.1 Abiotic deterioration -- 5.2 Bio-deterioration or biotic deterioration -- 5.3 Biofilm formation -- 5.4 Depolymerization -- 5.5 Bio-fragmentation -- 5.6 Assimilation."]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.7 Mineralization -- 6. Molecular mechanism of plastic biodegradation -- Streptomyces thermoviolaceus subsp.thermoviolaceus 76T-2 -- 7. Factors affecting the biodegradation of plastic -- 7.1 Environmental Parameters -- 7.2 Type of plastic (Polymer properties) -- 8. Characterization/analytical estimation of plastic biodegradation efficiency -- 8.1 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis using universal testing systems -- 8.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy -- 8.3 Thermogravimetric analysis -- 8.4 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy -- 8.5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- 8.6 Gel permeation chromatography -- 8.7 High-pressure liquid chromatography -- 8.8 Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy -- 8.9 Biological analysis -- 8.10 Molecular techniques -- 9. Value addition to biodegradation of plastics -- 10. Challenges in plastic biodegradation -- Conclusions and future prospects -- References -- 6 -- Recovery of Biodegradable Bioplastics from  Different Activated Sludge Processes during Wastewater Treatment -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Chemistry and application of bioplastics -- 3. PHA synthesis pathway -- 4. Activated sludge process for PHA production -- 4.1 Mixed activated sludge process -- 4.2 Aerobic granular sludge process -- 4.3 Chemically modified sludge process -- 5. Types of wastewaters in bioplastic production -- 5.1 Palm oil mill effluent (POME) -- 5.2 Paper pulp mill wastewater -- 5.3 Dairy wastewater -- 5.4 Molasses spentwash -- 5.5 Olive oil mill wastewater -- 6. Conditions for PHA production -- 6.1 Aerodynamic feeding (ADF) -- 6.2 Feast-famine regime -- 6.3 pH -- 6.4 Carbon/nitrogen ratio -- 6.5 Selective pressure -- 7. PHA "]
[{"$nulls":4},"extraction process -- 7.1 Chemical digestion with solvent extraction -- 7.1.1 Sodium hypochlorite extraction -- 7.1.2 Acetone extraction -- 7.1.3 Sodium hydroxide extraction -- 7.2 Mechanical disruption."]
[{"$nulls":4},"8. Quantification method -- Conclusion and future scopes -- References -- 7 -- Photocatalytic Degradation of Plastic -- 1. Introduction -- 2. History of plastic -- 3. Types of plastic -- 4. Problems associated with plastics -- 5. Heterogeneousphotocatalysis -- 5.1 Studies on photocatalytic degradation of plastics -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 -- Overview of the Degradable Plastic Market -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Conversion of nondegradable to degradable plastic market -- 3. Associated markets for degradable plastics -- 3.1 Production industries of degradable plastics -- 3.2 Consumption industries of degradable plastics -- 4. Challenges of degradable plastic market -- 4.1 Consumer acceptance -- 4.2 Inadequate availability of biomass feedstock -- 4.3 New market of degradable plastics for circular economy -- Conclusion and future prospects -- References -- 9 -- Plastics Versus Bioplastics -- 1. Introduction to plastics -- 1.1 Types of plastics -- 1.1.1 Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE or PET) -- 1.1.2 High-density polyethylene (HDPE) -- 1.1.3 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) -- 1.1.4 Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) -- 1.1.5 Polypropylene (PP) -- 1.1.6 Polystyrene or Styrofoam (PS) -- 1.1.7 Miscellaneous plastics -- 2. Recycling codes for plastics -- 2.1 SPI codes -- 3. Global industry and production rates of synthetic plastics -- 4. Plastics: From a marvelous synthetic material to a nightmare -- 4.1 Destruction of water reservoirs due to plastics -- 4.2 Effects of plastics on marine life and human health -- 4.3 Economic losses due to plastic pollution -- 5. Possible solutions for plastic pollution -- 5.1 Recycling and conversion to other useful and efficient products -- 5.2 Ban on the single use of plastics -- 5.3 Biodegradation of synthetic plastics -- 6. The future of plastics -- 6.1 What is poly diketoenamine or PDK? -- 7. Bioplastics."]
[{"$nulls":4},"7.1 Bio-based or partly bio-based non-biodegradable bioplastics -- 7.2 Bio-based biodegradable plastics -- 7.3 Biodegradable, fossil-based plastics -- 7.4 Bioplastic: Plastic from biomass and its effectiveness to counter plastic problems -- 8. Sources of bioplastic production -- 9. Polysaccharides for the production of bioplastic materials -- 9.1 Starch -- 9.2 Cellulose -- 9.3 Pectin and chitin -- 9.4 Animal and plant derived proteins as bioplastic sources -- 10. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs): Biopolyesters from microbial sources used as bioplastics -- 10.1 Structural classification of PHAs -- 11. Polylactic acid (PLA): A bioderived monomer used for bioplastic production -- 12. Applications of bioplastics -- 12.1 Antimicrobial films for food wrapping (fruits &amp -- vegetables) -- 12.2 Agricultural mulching -- 12.3 Removal of heavy metals -- 13. Comparison of plastics &amp -- bioplastics -- Summary and conclusion -- References -- 10 -- Versatile Applications of Degradable Plastic -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Plastic waste and its adverse effects -- 2.1 Plastic waste scenario -- 2.2 Effects of plastic waste -- 2.2.1 Landfills -- 2.2.2 In ocean -- 3. Application of degradable plastic -- 3.1 Packaging -- 3.2 Industrial Application -- 3.2.1 Paper covers -- 3.2.2 Day to day accessories -- 3.2.3 Piezoelectric objects -- 3.2.4 Acoustics -- 3.2.5 Oscillators -- 3.2.6 Others -- 3.3 Aerospace &amp -- automobile -- 3.4 Medical application -- 3.4.1 Biomaterials -- 3.4.2 Surgical use -- 3.4.3 Pharmaceutical use -- 3.4.4 Tissue engineering -- 3.5 Agricultural application -- 3.5.1 Mulching -- 3.5.2 Planting containers -- 3.5.3 Packaging -- 3.5.4 Seed film cultivation -- 3.6 Consumer and institutional products application -- 3.7 Energy application -- 3.7.1 Pyrolysis -- 3.7.2 Cold plasma pyrolysis -- 3.8 Waste management -- 4. Growth of plastic degradation industry."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Conclusion."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","The book presents a comprehensive overview of the field of degradation of plastics."]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910557212703321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Ida Skvortsova Ira"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Advances in Biological Understanding of Tumor Radiation Resistance"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Frontiers Media SA, 2020"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (235 p.)"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Medicine and Nursing"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Oncology"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact"]