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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNISA990001116860203316"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Intelligent Data Engineering and Automated Learning-IDEAL 2002 : Third international conference : Manchester, UK, August 12-14, 2002 : proceedings / Hujun Yin... [et al.] (eds.)"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Berlin : Springer-Verlag, copyr. 2002"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"3-540-44025-9"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"XV, 597 p. : ill. ; 20 cm"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Lecture notes in computer science ; 2412"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"005.74"]
[null,null,"Collocazione",null,"001 LNCS (2412)"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910973953903321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Jeffries Ian"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"The new Russia : a handbook of economic and political developments / / Ian Jeffries"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"London : , : Routledge, , 2013"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-315-02945-6"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-136-87065-2"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-136-87058-X"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (656 p.)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"947/.086"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Russia (Federation) Economic conditions"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Russia (Federation) Economic policy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Russia (Federation) Politics and government"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","\"First published 2002\"--t.p. verso."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of tables; Acknowledgements; INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW; Part I Economic Developments; THE TRANSITION TO THE MARKET: INTRODUCTION; 1 THE TRANSITION FROM COMMAND PLANNING TO THE MARKET; COMMAND PLANNING IN THE SOVIET ERA; FROM PLAN TO MARKET; 2 PRICES; PRICES IN THE SOVIET ERA; PRICE LIBERALIZATION IN RUSSIA; 3 FOREIGN TRADE; THE SOVIET ERA; FOREIGN TRADE IN RUSSIA BETWEEN JANUARY 1992 AND THE FINANCIAL CRISIS OF AUGUST 1998; 4 DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT; THE SOVIET ERA; RUSSIA SINCE 1992"]
[{"$nulls":4},"5 THE PRIVATE NON-AGRICULTURAL SECTORTHE PRIVATE NON-AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN THE SOVIET ERA; PRIVATIZATION IN THE NON-AGRICULTURAL SECTORS OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY SINCE 1992; 6 AGRICULTURE; THE SOVIET ERA; AGRICULTURE IN RUSSIA; 7 MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION; THE SOVIET FINANCIAL SYSTEM; MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION BEFORE THE FINANCIAL CRISIS OF AUGUST 1998; RUSSIA AND THE ASIAN FINANCIAL CRISIS; 8 FOREIGN DEBT AND AID BEFORE THE AUGUST 1998 FINANCIAL CRISIS; FOREIGN DEBT; FOREIGN AID; 9 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE, HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT; ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE; HEALTH; THE ENVIRONMENT"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Part II Political Developments10 THE DISSOLUTION OF THE SOVIET "]
[{"$nulls":4},"UNION; EVENTS PRIOR TO THE 19-21 AUGUST 1991 ABORTIVE COUP; THE 19-21 AUGUST 1991 ABORTIVE COUP; THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES (CIS); ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE OTHER COUNTRIES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION (THE 'NEAR ABROAD'); 11 THE FEDERAL STATE AND THE CHECHEN CRISIS; THE FEDERAL STATE; THE PUTIN ERA; THE CHECHEN WARS; 12 A CHRONOLOGY OF POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS, 1992-2000; A CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS PRIOR TO THE DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT ON 21 SEPTEMBER 1993; THE DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT ON 21 SEPTEMBER 1993"]
[{"$nulls":4},"THE SEARCH FOR A NEW CONSTITUTIONTHE GENERAL ELECTION OF 12 DECEMBER 1993; DEVELOPMENTS BETWEEN THE DECEMBER 1993 GENERAL ELECTION AND THE DECEMBER 1995 GENERAL ELECTION; THE GENERAL ELECTION OF 17 DECEMBER 1995; The Reelection of Yeltsin as President on 3 July 1996; The General Election of 19 December 1999; The Resignation of Yeltsin on 31 December 1999 and the Meteoric Rise of Vladimir Putin from Relative Obscurity to President (elected 26 March 2000);  the Putin Reforms; 13 MILITARY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS, DISARMAMENT AGREEMENTS, PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE, THE KOSOVO CRISIS AND NATO EXPANSION"]
[{"$nulls":4},"THE ARMED FORCESDEFENCE DOCTRINE; INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS AND NATO EXPANSION; CONCLUSION; Bibliography; Index"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Provides full details of the many rapid changes in the Russian economy and the political system since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Covers the period up to 2000, offering a valuable guide to policies in the Putin era."]
[null,"3.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910970344703321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Stumer Andrew C (Andrew Carl), <1979->"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Presumption of innocence : evidential and human rights perspectives / Andrew Stumer"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Oxford ; Portland, Oregon, : Hart Publishing, 2010"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786612919671"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781472565136"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1472565134"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781282919679"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1282919679"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781847315878"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1847315879"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (258 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Criminal law library ; v. 8"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"345.056"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Presumption of innocence"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Presumption of innocence - Great Britain"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Presumption of innocence - Europe"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Burden of proof"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Human rights"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","\"Complete and systematic review of the United Kingdom and Strasbourg authority on the presumption of innocence ... Also draws upon extensive references to comparative material, both judicial and academic, from the United States, Canada, and South Africa\"--pages [i]"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references (pages 193-208) and index"]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"The presumption before the Human Rights Act -- Rationale for the presumption -- Scope of the presumption -- The presumption in Strasbourg -- Proportionality and the presumption -- Alocating the burden of proof"]
[{"$nulls":4},"INTRODUCTION -- 1. THE PRESUMPTION BEFORE THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT -- A. History of the Presumption of Innocence -- B. Burden of Proof -- 1. Persuasive Burdens -- 2. Evidential Burdens -- C. Standard of Proof -- D. Impact of the HRA -- E. Conclusion -- 2. RATIONALE FOR THE PRESUMPTION -- A. Two rationales for the Presumption -- 1. Protecting the Innocent -- 2. Promoting the Rule of Law -- B. Limitation of the Presumption -- 1. Limitation of Rights -- 2. Threat of Serious Crime -- 3. When the Rationale is Attenuated -- C. Conclusion "]
[{"$nulls":4},"-- 3. SCOPE OF THE PRESUMPTION -- A. Substantive Approach -- 1. Rejection in the English Cases -- 2. Case for a Substantive Approach -- 3. Other Constraints on Unfair Offences -- B. Narrow Procedural Approach -- 1. Confusion in the English Cases -- 2. Case for a Narrow Procedural Approach -- C. Broad Procedural Approach -- 1. Greater Power includes the Lesser -- 2. Risk of More Strict Liability Ofences -- D. Conclusion -- 4. THE PRESUMPTION IN STRASBOURG -- A. The Content of the Presumption -- 1. Official Decisions Reflecting Guilt -- 2. Burden of Proof -- 3. Presumptions Confined within Reasonable Limits -- 4. Article 6(2) and Substantive Law -- B. Limitation of Article 6 Rights -- 1. Community Interest under Article 6(2) -- 2. Community Interest and other Article 6 Rights -- C. Conclusion -- 5. PROPORTIONALITY AND THE PRESUMPTION -- A. Confusion in the English Cases -- 1. Necessity Approach -- 2. Balance Approach -- 3. A 'Difference of Emphasis' -- B. The Nature of the Proportionality Inquiry -- 1. Legitimate Objective -- 2. Suitability, Necessity and Balance -- 3. Proportionality and the Problem of Deference -- C. Conclusion -- 6. ALLOCATING THE BURDEN OF PROOF -- A. Seriousness of the Offence -- B. Penalty -- C. Regulatory Offences -- 1. Minimal Censure and Penalty -- 2. An Effective Regulatory Regime -- D. Knowledge and Ease of Proof -- 1. Relative Ease of Proof -- 2. 'Peculiar Knowledge' -- E. Importance of Matters Proved by Prosecution -- 1. Proof of Wrongfulness -- 2. Connection between Basic and Presumed Fact -- F. Conclusion -- Conclusion"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","The presumption of innocence is universally recognized as a fundamental human right and a core principle in the administration of criminal justice. Nonetheless, statutes creating criminal offences regularly depart from the presumption of innocence by requiring defendants to prove specific matters in order to avoid conviction. Legislatures and courts seek to justify this departure by asserting that the reversal of the burden of proof is necessary to meet the community interest in prosecuting serious crime and maintaining workable criminal sanctions. This book investigates the supposed justifications for limitation of the presumption of innocence. It does so through a comprehensive analysis of the history, rationale and scope of the presumption of innocence. It is argued that the values underlying the presumption of innocence are of such fundamental importance to individual liberty that they cannot be sacrificed on the altar of community interest. In particular, it is argued that a test of 'proportionality', which seeks to weigh individual rights against the community interest, is inappropriate in the context of the presumption of innocence and that courts ought instead to focus on whether an impugned measure threatens the values which the presumption is designed to protect. The book undertakes a complete and systematic review of the United Kingdom and Strasbourg authority on the presumption of innocence. It also draws upon extensive references to comparative material, both judicial and academic, from the United States, Canada and South Africa"]