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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910968949403321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Balasubramanian Chandrika"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Register variation in Indian English / / Chandrika Balasubramanian"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Company, c2009"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786612395536"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781282395534"]
[{"$nulls":4},"128239553X"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9789027289032"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9027289034"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (304 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Studies in corpus linguistics (SCL) ; ; 37"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"427/.954"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"English language - Variation - India"]
[{"$nulls":4},"English language - India - Usage"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Languages in contact - India"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Bilingualism - India"]
[{"$nulls":4},"India Languages"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Register Variation in Indian English -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- 1. Introduction -- 1.0 English as a global language: Emergence of new varieties -- 1.1 Understanding New Englishes -- 1.2 International Corpus of English: Role in Dialect Research -- 1.3 Development of Corpus of Contemporary Indian English (CCIE): Outcomes of Project -- 1.3.1 Combining CCIE with ICE-India -- 1.4 English in India: Context for the book -- 1.5 Outline of the book -- 2. Literature review -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1 Methodologies employed in dialect studies -- 2.1.1 Regional and Social dialectology -- 2.1.1.1 Regional Dialectology -- 2.1.1.2 Strengths and weaknesses of regional dialectology -- 2.1.2 Sociolinguistic studies -- 2.1.2.1 Strengths of sociolinguistic dialect studies -- 2.1.3 Similarities and differences between regional dialectology and social dialectology. -- 2.1.4 Corpus linguistics and dialectology: the study of register -- 2.1.4.1 Corpus linguistics and representativeness -- 2.1.4.2 Strengths and weaknesses of Corpus Linguistics as a methodology to study dialect -- 2.2 Variety studies today -- 2.2.1 Illustrative/Impressionistic studies -- 2.2.2 "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Empirical/Data-based studies -- 2.2.3 Corpus-based studies -- 2.3 Treatment of varieties in variety studies: Representation of variety being examined and Implications -- 2.4 Situating the study of Indian English -- 2.4.1 Previous literature on linguistic features examined in current study -- 2.5 Conclusion -- 3. Corpus design and methodology -- 3.0 Introduction and overview of methodology -- 3.1 Construction of the Corpus of Contemporary Indian English -- 3.1.1 Written corpus -- 3.1.1.1 Major sources of the written corpus -- 3.1.1.2 Registers and sub-registers of the written corpus -- 3.1.1.2.1 Register: Written news."]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.1.1.2.2 Register: Fiction -- 3.1.1.2.3 Register: Written entertainment -- 3.1.1.2.4 Register: Business Correspondence -- 3.1.1.2.5 Register: Personal correspondence -- 3.1.1.2.6 Register: Written sports -- 3.1.1.2.7 Register: Written travel news -- 3.1.1.3 Summary of Written registers and their sources -- 3.1.2 Spoken corpus -- 3.1.2.1 Register: Spoken news -- 3.1.2.2 Register: Spoken Academic English -- 3.1.2.3 Register: Conversational English -- 3.1.2.4 Register: Spoken sports -- 3.2 Methodology -- 3.2.1 Initial processing of written texts -- 3.2.1.1 Saving the texts -- 3.2.1.2 Naming the texts -- 3.2.2 Initial processing of spoken texts -- 3.2.2.1 Recording spoken data -- 3.2.2.2 Transcription -- 3.2.2.3 Naming spoken files -- 3.2.3 Computer programs used for the initial analysis of both spoken and written files -- 3.2.4 Combining CCIE with ICE-India -- 3.2.5 Initial processing of all corpus files -- 3.2.6 Analysis of the files: Computer programs for different kinds of analyses -- 3.2.7 Kinds of analyses -- 3.2.7.1 Type I analysis: Identifying Indian and non-Indian variants -- 3.2.7.2 Type II analysis: General descriptions of patterns of occurrences -- 3.2.8 Linguistic features and methodology employed in their initial analysis -- 3.2.8.1 Features examined in study -- 3.2.8.2 Rationale for choice of and description of linguistic features -- 3.2.8.3 Lexical features -- 3.2.8.3.1 Keep used meaning Put -- 3.2.8.3.2 Stay used meaning live -- 3.2.8.3.3 Indian words -- 3.2.8.4 Grammatical features -- 3.2.8.4.1 Stative verbs in the progressive -- 3.2.8.4.2 Patterns of occurrence of the present and past perfect -- 3.2.8.4.3 Prepositional verbs and preposition use -- 3.2.8.4.4 Articles -- 3.2.8.4.5 Use of future instead of simple present -- 3.2.8.4.6 Use of the progressive instead of simple or perfect aspect verbs."]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.2.8.4.7 Absence of subject-auxiliary inversion in WH-question formation -- 3.2.8.4.8 Transitive verbs used intransitively -- 3.2.8.4.9 Relative clauses -- 3.2.8.4.10 Patterns of occurrence of modals -- 3.2.8.4.11 Initial and non-initial existential There -- 3.2.8.4.12 Invariant tag isn't it? and No? -- 3.2.8.4.13 Also and Too -- 3.3 Conclusion -- 4. Lexical and grammatical features in spoken and written Indian English -- 4.0 Introduction -- 4.1 Analysis of lexical features -- 4.1.1 Keep meaning Put: Type I analysis -- 4.1.2 Stay meaning Live: Type I analysis -- 4.1.3 Indian words: Type II Analysis -- 4.2 Grammatical features -- 4.2.1. Stative verbs in the progressive: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.2 Past and present Perfect: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.2.1 Past Perfect -- 4.2.2.2 Present Perfect -- 4.2.3 Prepositional verbs and prepositions: Type II Analysis -- 4.2.3.1 Productivity of particular verbs and prepositions -- 4.2.3.2 Prepositional verbs in British and American English versus Indian English -- 4.2.3.3 Most common prepositional verbs -- 4.2.4 Article use: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.4.1 Articles before ordinal numbers -- 4.2.4.2 Articles before noun phrases (spoken corpus only) -- 4.2.4.3 Articles before lot of -- 4.2.4.4 Articles before little -- 4.2.4.5 Articles before few -- 4.2.4.6 Articles before number of -- 4.2.4.7 Summary of article analysis -- 4.2.5 Future instead of simple present: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.6 Progressive of non stative verbs: Type II Analysis -- 4.2.7 Absence of "]
[{"$nulls":4},"subject-auxiliary inversion in WH-questions: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.8 Transitive Verbs used intransitively: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.9 Relative constructions: Type II Analysis -- 4.2.9.1 Common relativizers -- 4.2.9.1.1 Who versus which and that -- 4.2.9.1.2 Which versus that -- 4.2.9.2 Frequency of relative clauses -- 4.2.9.3 Non-standard relativizers."]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.2.9.4 Summary of Relative Clause Analysis -- 4.2.10 Modals: Type II Analysis -- 4.2.10.1 Observations about the distribution of modals and semi-modals in Indian English. -- 4.2.11 Initial and non-initial Existential There: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.12 Invariant tag isn't it? and No?: Type I Analysis -- 4.2.12.1 Isn't it -- 4.2.12.2 No -- 4.2.13 Circumstance Adverbials Also and Too: Type II Analysis -- 4.2.13.1 Results on general distribution -- 4.2.13.2 Results on position -- 4.2.13.3 Results on position of also and focus of sentence -- 4.3 Conclusion -- 5. Register variation: Lexical features -- 5.0 Introduction -- 5.1 Keep meaning Put: Type I analysis -- 5.2 Stay meaning Live -- 5.3 Indian words -- 5.3.1 Discussion of Indian words in Conversational English -- 5.3.2 Discussion of Indian words in Spoken Academic Language -- 5.3.3 Discussion of Indian words in Spoken News -- 5.3.4 Discussion of Indian words in Written News -- 5.3.5 Discussion of Indian words in Written Academic English -- 5.3.6 Discussion of Indian words in Business Correspondence -- 5.3.7 Discussion of Indian words in Personal Correspondence -- 5.3.8 Discussion of Indian words in Written Entertainment News -- 5.3.9 Discussion of Indian words in Fiction -- 5.3.10 Discussion of Indian words in Written Travel News -- 5.3.11 Discussion of Indian words across registers -- 5.4 Conclusion -- 6. Register variation: Grammatical features -- 6.0 Introduction -- 6.1 Stative verbs in the progressive: Type I analysis -- 6.2 Past and present perfect -- 6.2.1 Past perfect -- 6.2.2 Present perfect -- 6.3 Articles -- 6.3.1 Article use before ordinal numbers -- 6.3.2 Articles before phrases -- 6.3.3 Articles before quantifiers -- 6.3.4 Summary of article analysis -- 6.4 Use of the future instead of the simple present (for habitual present) -- 6.5 Progressive vs. perfect and simple tenses."]
[{"$nulls":4},"6.6 Absence of subject-auxiliary inversion in WH-question formation -- 6.6.1 Yes-No questions occurring as statements with rising intonation -- 6.7 Transitive verbs used intransitively -- 6.8 Relative clauses -- 6.9 Modals -- 6.10 Initial and Non-Initial Existential \"There\" -- 6.11 Invariant tag isn't it -- 6.11.1 Isn't it -- 6.11.2 No -- 6.12 Also and Too -- 6.12.1 General distribution results -- 6.12.2 Positions of also and too -- 6.12.2.1 Also -- 6.12.2.2 Too -- 6.12.3 Also and focus -- 6.13 Conclusion -- 7. Conclusion -- 7.0 Introduction -- 7.1 Summary of Type 1 Analyses -- 7.2 Summary of Type II analyses -- 7.3 Conclusions to be drawn from type I and type II analyses -- 7.4 Co-occurrence of Indian variants -- 7.5 What then is Indian English? -- 7.6 Revisiting Kachru's Concentric Circles -- 7.7 Limitations of the study -- 7.8 Directions for Future Research -- References -- Methodologies employed in the study of language varieties -- Review of variety studies -- List of Indian Fiction -- Tape insert -- Corpus contributor questionnaire -- Header for spoken file -- Tables of Indian Words in registers of Indian English -- Author index -- Topic index -- The series Studies in Corpus Linguistics."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Register Variation in Indian English constitutes the first large-scale empirical investigation of an international variety of English. Using a combination of the corpus compiled for this project and relevant sections of ICE-India as its database, this work tests existing descriptions and characterizations of English in India, and provides the first empirical account of register variation in Indian English (or indeed, any international variety of English). Included in this survey are "]
[{"$nulls":4},"linguistic features that have been examined before and others that have not. From an empirical standpoint, it comments on the process of Indianization of the English used in India. The book will be of interest to readers beyond specialists of Indian English as it is one of very few studies to undertake a large-scale corpus analysis for the purpose of dialect research. The book provides a model on which future studies of international Englishes can be based."]