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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910810441703321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Nikrityuk Petr A"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Computational thermo-fluid dynamics : in materials science and engineering / / Petr A. Nikrityuk"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Weinheim, Germany, : Wiley-VCH Verlag, c2011"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786613639691"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9783527636082"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3527636080"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781280662768"]
[{"$nulls":4},"128066276X"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9783527636075"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3527636072"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9783527636099"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3527636099"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[2nd ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (371 p.)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"333.79"]
[{"$nulls":4},"620.11"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Materials - Thermal properties - Mathematical models"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Thermodynamics - Mathematical models"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Fluid dynamics - Mathematical models"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Heat - Transmission - Mathematical models"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Mass transfer - Mathematical models"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Computational Thermo-Fluid Dynamics; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Heat and Fluid Flows in Materials Science and Engineering; 1.2 Overview of the Present Work; 2 Mathematical Description of Physical Phenomena in Thermofluid Dynamics; 2.1 Conservation Equations for Continuum Media; 2.1.1 Conservation of Mass; 2.1.2 Conservation of Momentum; 2.1.3 Energy Conservation Equation; 2.1.4 Conservation of Chemical Species; 2.1.5 Boussinesq Approximation; 2.1.6 Unified Form of Conservation Equations; 2.1.7 Nondimensional Form of Conservation Equations; 2.1.8 Short Summary"]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.2 Boundary and Initial Conditions2.2.1 Heat Transfer; 2.2.2 Solutal Transfer; 2.2.3 Fluid Dynamics; 2.3 Conservation Equations in "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Electromagnetics; 2.3.1 Maxwell Equations; 2.3.2 Induction and Poisson Equations; 2.3.3 An Example of a Low Magnetic Reynolds Number Approximation: Rotating Magnetic Field; 3 Discretization Approaches and Numerical Methods; 3.1 The Finite Difference Method; 3.1.1 Introduction; 3.1.2 Approximation Schemes; 3.1.3 Example of Conservative Property of FDM; 3.1.4 Discretization Schemes of Unsteady Equations; 3.1.5 Example of Unsteady Diffusion Equation"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.2 The Finite Volume Method3.2.1 Basic Concept; 3.2.2 Interpolation Schemes; 3.2.3 Linearized Form of Discretized Conservation Equation; 3.2.4 Treatment of Source Terms; 3.2.5 Boundary Conditions; 3.2.6 Comparative Study of Schemes for One-Dimensional Convection/Diffusion Problem; 3.3 Solution of Linear Equation Systems; 3.3.1 Direct Methods; 3.3.2 Iterative Methods; 3.3.3 Residuals and Convergence; 3.3.4 Multigrid Method; 3.3.5 Illustration of Iterative Methods; 4 Calculations of Flows with Heat and Mass Transfer; 4.1 Solution of Incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations"]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.2 Pressure and Velocity Coupling: SIMPLE Family4.2.1 SIMPLE; 4.2.2 SIMPLER; 4.2.3 SIMPLE with Collocated Variables Arrangement; 4.3 Illustrations of Schemes for Flow with Heat Transfer; 4.4 Complex Geometry Problems on Fixed Cartesian Grids; 4.4.1 Immersed Boundary Methods; 4.4.2 Cartesian Grid Methods; 4.4.3 Immersed Surface Reconstruction; 4.4.4 Illustration of Continuous-Forcing IBM; 5 Convection-Diffusion Phase-Change Problems; 5.1 Some Aspects of Solidification Thermodynamics; 5.1.1 One-Component Melts; 5.1.2 Binary Alloys; 5.1.3 Interface and Equilibrium"]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.2 Modeling of Macroscale Phase-Change Phenomena5.2.1 Heat Transfer in Phase-Change Systems: Fixed and Moving Grids; 5.2.2 Mathematical Models of a Binary Alloy Solidification; 5.2.3 Closure Relations for the Volume Fraction of Liquid; 5.3 Turbulent Solidification; 5.3.1 Review of Unsteady RANS Modeling of a Solidification; 5.3.2 Conditions for the DNS of Convection-Driven Solidification; 5.4 Microscale Phase-Change Phenomena; 5.4.1 Basic Modeling Concepts; 5.4.2 Modified Cellular Automaton Model; 5.4.3 Virtual Interface Tracking Model; 5.5 Modeling of Crystal Growth"]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.5.1 Modeling Approaches"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Combining previously unconnected computational methods, this monograph discusses the latest basic schemes and algorithms for the solution of fluid, heat and mass transfer problems coupled with electrodynamics. It presents the necessary mathematical background of computational thermo-fluid dynamics, the numerical implementation and the application to real-world problems. Particular emphasis is placed throughout on the use of electromagnetic fields to control the heat, mass and fluid flows in melts and on phase change phenomena during the solidification of pure materials and binary alloys. Howev"]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910965598403321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Eicher Theo"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"In Search of WTO Trade Effects : : Preferential Trade Agreements Promote Trade Strongly, But Unevenly / / Theo Eicher, Christian Henn"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2009"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786612842535"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781462311385"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1462311385"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781452787411"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1452787417"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781451871784"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1451871783"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781282842533"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1282842536"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (32 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"IMF Working Papers"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"382.3;382.30973"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Terms of trade"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Tariff preferences"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Balance of trade"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Commercial treaties"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Empirical Studies of Trade"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Exports and Imports"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Imports"]
[{"$nulls":4},"International economics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"International Trade Organizations"]
[{"$nulls":4},"International trade"]
[{"$nulls":4},"North American Free Trade Agreement"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Plurilateral trade"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Trade agreements"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Trade balance"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Trade Policy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Trade: General"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Luxembourg"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Contents; I. Introduction; II. Data; III. Extending the Empirical Framework to Account for Individual PTA Effects; A. Results: WTO Trade Impact After Controlling for Multilateral Resistance and Individual PTA Effects (Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive WTO Coding); B. Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive Coding and SW's \"Implicit Industrialized PTA Dummy\"; IV. Individual PTA Effects, Multilateral Resistance, and Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity"]
[{"$nulls":4},"A. WTO Trade Impact: Controlling for Multilateral Resistance, Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity and Individual PTA Effects (Hierarchical/Mutually Exclusive WTO Coding)V. Individual PTA Trade Effects, Multilateral Resistance, and Unobserved Bilateral Hetergeneity (Mutually Inclusive WTO Coding); A. WTO Trade Impact: Controlling for Multilateral Resistance, Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity and Individual PTA Effects (Mutually Inclusive WTO Coding); VI. Individual PTA Trade Effects: Sensitivity to Unobserved Bilateral Heterogeneity and Multilateral Resistance Controls; VII. Conclusion"]
[{"$nulls":4},"ReferencesTables; 1. WTO and PTA Effects (Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive Coding); 1.a. Raw Regression Output; 2. WTO and PTA Effects (Inclusive Coding); Appendices; A1. Membership in considered Preferential Trading Arrangements; A2. Bilateral Preferential Trade Agreements considered in BilateralPTAmxt; A3. List of Countries in sample and year of WTO accession; B1. De jure coding. WTO and PTA Effects (Hierarchical, Mutually Exclusive Coding); B1.a. Raw Regression Output De jure Coding; B2. De jure coding. WTO and PTA Effects (Inclusive Coding)"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","The literature measuring the impact of Preferential Trade Agreements (PTA) and WTO membership on trade flows has produced remarkably diverse results. Rose's (2004) seminal paper reports a range of specifications that show no WTO effects, but Subramanian and Wei (2007) contend that he does not fully control for multilateral resistance (which could bias WTO estimates). Subramanian and Wei (2007) address multilateral resistance comprehensively to report strong WTO trade effects for industrialized countries but do not account for unobserved bilateral heterogeneity (which could inflate WTO estimates). We unify these two approaches by accounting for both multilateral resistance and unobserved bilateral heterogeneity, while also allowing for individual trade effects of PTAs. WTO effects vanish and remain insignificant throughout once multilateral resistance, unobserved bilateral heterogeneity, and individual PTA effects are introduced. The result is robust to the use of alternative definitions and coding conventions for WTO membership that have been employed by Rose (2004), Tomz et al. (2007), or by Subramanian and Wei's (2007)."]