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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910964120403321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Burkina Faso : : Staff Report for the 2014 Article IV Consultation, First Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Extended Credit Facility, and Request for Waiver and Modification of Performance Criteria"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2014"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9781498354820"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1498354823"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781498361439"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1498361439"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781484355558"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1484355555"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (104 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"IMF Staff Country Reports"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"330.9662505"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"International economic relations"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Banks and Banking"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Exports and Imports"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Macroeconomics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Public Finance"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Natural Resources"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Budgeting"]
[{"$nulls":4},"International Lending and Debt Problems"]
[{"$nulls":4},"National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Debt"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Debt Management"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Sovereign Debt"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Environmental and Ecological Economics: General"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Public finance & taxation"]
[{"$nulls":4},"International economics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Environmental management"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Public ownership"]
[{"$nulls":4},"nationalization"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Expenditure"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Debt sustainability analysis"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Revenue administration"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Natural resources"]
[{"$nulls":4},"External debt"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Environment"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Public enterprises"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Economic sectors"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Debts, External"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Expenditures, Public"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Debts, Public"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Revenue"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Nationalization"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Burkina Faso Economic conditions"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Burkina Faso Economic policy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Burkina Faso"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"\"\"Cover\"\"; \"\"CONTENTS\"\"; \"\"LIST OF ACRONYMS\"\"; \"\"RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND PROGRAM PERFORMANCE\"\"; \"\"A. Recent Developments\"\"; \"\"B. Program Performance\"\"; \"\"BACKGROUND FOR ARTICLE IV DISCUSSIONS\"\"; \"\"POLICY DISCUSSIONS\"\"; \"\"A. Near Term Fiscal Policy\"\"; \"\"B. Containing Fiscal Liabilities from Public Enterprises\"\"; \"\"C. Harnessing Natural Resource Revenues to Finance Development\"\"; \"\"D. Supporting Inclusive Growth\"\"; \"\"OUTLOOK AND PROGRAM RISKS\"\"; \"\"A. Medium-Term Projections and Fiscal Policy\"\"; \"\"B. An Alternative Low Growth Scenario\"\"; \"\"C. Program Risks\"\"; \"\"PROGRAM MODALITIES\"\""]
[{"$nulls":4},"\"\"STAFF APPRAISAL\"\"\"\"BOXES\"\"; \"\"1. Status of Policy Recommendations from the 2011 Article IV Consultation\"\"; \"\"2. Strategy for Accelerated Growth and Durable Development\"\"; \"\"3. Implicit Subsidies to the Energy Sector, A Stock Taking of Actual Costs in 2013\"\"; \"\"4. Electricity Supply: a Long Way to Close the Gap\"\"; \"\"FIGURES\"\"; \"\"1. Recent Economic Developments\"\"; \"\"2. Real and External Developments, 2006â€?013\"\"; \"\"3. Fiscal Developments, 2008â€?13\"\"; \"\"TABLES\"\"; \"\"1. Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 2012â€?16\"\""]
[{"$nulls":4},"\"\"2a. Consolidated Operations of the Central Government, 2012â€?16 (CFAF Billions)\"\"\"\"2b. Consolidated Operations of the Central Government, 2012â€?16 (Percent of GDP)\"\"; \"\"3. Monetary Survey, 2012â€?16\"\"; \"\"4. Balance of Payments, 2012â€?16\"\"; \"\"5. Quantitative Performance Criteria and Indicative Targets December 2013â€?March 2015\"\"; \"\"6. Structural Benchmarks for the 1[sup(st)] ECF Review\"\"; \"\"7. Schedule of Disbursements Under Current ECF Arrangements 2014â€?16\"\"; \"\"8. Risk Assessment Matrix\"\"; \"\"9. Indicators of Capacity to Repay the Fund, 2013â€?25\"\"; \"\"APPENDIX\"\""]
[{"$nulls":4},"\"\"I. Letter of Intent\"\"\"\"Attachment I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies 2014â€?16\"\"; \"\"Attachment II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding\"\"; \"\"ANNEX\"\"; \"\"I. External Stability Assessment\"\"; \"\"CONTENTS\"\"; \"\"RELATIONS WITH THE FUND\"\"; \"\"JOINT MANAGEMENT ACTION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION\"\"; \"\"STATISTICAL ISSUES\"\""]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","EXECUTIVE SUMMARY  Growth remains robust, despite slight downward revisions. Growth estimates for 2013 and projections   for 2014 were revised to 6.6 and 6.8 percent, respectively, reflecting weather and weaker terms of   trade. Inflation is around zero, partly due to subsidized food prices. The revised 2013 current   account deficit rose "]
[{"$nulls":4},"to 7 percent of GDP, with a drawdown of imputed reserves. The 2013 fiscal   deficit increased to 3.5 percent of GDP, reflecting weaker revenues and spending for subsidies,   partly offset by higher grants.    In line with 2011 Article IV recommendations, the authorities maintained a prudent fiscal stance,   despite numerous shocks, and implemented structural reforms that have improved the resilience of   agriculture, especially cotton. Social transfers have been bolstered to ensure the benefits of   growth are better distributed. An updated external stability analysis shows that the exchange rate   is broadly in line with fundamentals, and an updated joint debt sustainability analysis maintains a   “moderate” risk of debt distress.    Program performance has been satisfactory. The authorities are requesting a waiver for a   non-observance in the performance criterion for net domestic financing at end-December 2013, with   most other quantitative targets met and all structural benchmarks for end-January and end-March   met. Program targets differ mainly due to higher budget support projections. The 3 percent fiscal   deficit target for the medium term macroeconomic framework remains unchanged, although with a   higher share of current spending.    Policy discussions focused on composition and quality of spending, transfers to public enterprises,   and natural resource revenues. The authorities recently submitted a supplemental budget that   increases the share of current spending for a higher wage bill and more social and public   enterprise transfers, but remains within program targets as a result of spending offsets and higher   budget support. The authorities are proposing an audit of large public enterprises to estimate   needs for the medium term, and inform reforms to reduce transfer needs. The National Assembly did   not approve a new mining taxation code by  end-2013 as expected, rather, the draft code was sent back to the authorities for further  consideration of investors’ concerns."]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910962901903321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Fawaz Ahmed Abdel-Hafez <1976->"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Opportunity, Identity, and Resources in Ethnic Mobilization: The Iraqi Kurds and the Abkhaz of Georgia"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Lexington Books"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-4985-3401-5"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (255 pages)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"305.8915970567"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Abkhazians"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Ethnicity"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Kurds"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Minorities"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Nationalism"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Introduction -- 1. Ethnic mobilisation: basic themes -- 2. Ethnic mobilisation: theoretical framework -- 3. Ethnic identity politicisation and ethnic mobilisation -- 4. Ethnic mobilisation and political opportunity structure -- 5. Resources mobilisation and ethnic mobilisation -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","<span><span>Recent unrest and political upheaval in Iraq and Georgia have brought attention to the place of minority populations in both countries. Using Iraqi Kurds and the Abkhaz of Georgia as case studies, this book addresses how ethnic identities become politicized across boundaries by states and political entrepreneurs, leading to mobilization of ethnic populations.</span></span>  <span><span>This book bridges Middle Eastern studies with Post-Soviet studies, exploring the commonalities of cases in these regions to draw out patterns in cases of ethnic mobilization. It also provides a theoretical framework to examine the process of ethnic mobilization. Building on this theoretical framework, the book provides a detailed empirical analysis of the case studies of the Kurds in Iraq and the Abkhaz in Georgia. Analysis of both cases shows several common variables in cases of ethnic mobilization, including ethnic entrepreneurs, political opportunity structure, ethnic identity politicization, and resource mobilization. These variables form the environment in which ethnic mobilization occurs, motivated by such "]
[{"$nulls":4},"factors as state policy towards ethnic groups and external intervention to support ethnic groups. </span></span>"]