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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910958367603321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Diseases of importance in developing countries : establishing priorities / / by the Committee on Issues and Priorities for New Vaccine Development, Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Institute of Medicine"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1986"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786610221769"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781280221767"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1280221763"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9780309568203"]
[{"$nulls":4},"030956820X"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource  (xvi, 432 pages)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"New vaccine development ; ; v.2"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"614.4"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Vaccination - Developing countries"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Vaccination - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Vaccines - Research - Government policy"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Prepared for the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographies and indexes."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"New Vaccine Development Establishing Priorities -- Copyright -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Abstract -- Contents -- Summary -- SELECTION OF CANDIDATES -- DETERMINATION OF HEALTH BENEFITS -- Disease Burden Estimates -- Infant Mortality Equivalence Values -- Total Disease Burden Values -- VACCINE CHARACTERISTICS -- Predictions of Vaccine Development -- Definition of Probable Vaccine Target Population -- Treatment of Vaccine Utilization -- Estimation of Time to Licensure, Time to Vaccine Adoption, and Delay of Vaccination Benefits: Discou... -- Estimation of Vaccine Preventable Illness -- Calculation of Potential Health Benefits for Each Vaccine -- Cost Calculations -- INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS -- FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCE -- 2 Priority Setting for Health-Related Investments: A Review of Methods -- METHODS FOR PROJECT RANKING AND SELECTION -- MULTIATTRIBUTE ACCOUNTING -- MULTIATTRIBUTE SCORING -- DECISION ANALYSIS WITH MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES -- COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND COST-UTILITY ANALYSIS -- BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS -- SELECTION OF AN APPROACH -- ISSUES IN PROJECT RANKING METHODOLOGIES -- Sources of Estimates -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Sequential or \"Lexicographic\" Methods -- Interdependence Among Projects -- The \"Portfolio\" Question -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 3 Overview of the Analytic Approach -- METHOD -- Calculation Procedures -- INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS -- GUIDELINES -- Step 1 -- Step 2 -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCE -- 4 Comparison of Disease Burdens -- ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM FOR COMPARING MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY BURDENS ARISING FROM VARIOUS DISEASES -- Trade-Off Values -- Expression of Morbidity and Mortality Burdens -- Procedures Used in Deriving Disease Estimates -- Limitations of the Current Estimates -- VALUE JUDGMENTS IN QUANTIFYING MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY -- IME Perspective Used in This Study -- The Effect of Adopting Other IME Perspectives."]
[{"$nulls":4},"COMPARISON OF COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASES -- Estimating Aggregate Direct Costs of Diseases in the Developing World -- Estimating Costs for Diseases in Specific Countries or Regions -- Indirect Costs -- FINDINGS -- LIMITATIONS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 Predictions on Vaccine Development -- THE NEED FOR PREDICTIONS -- SELECTION OF CANDIDATES -- VACCINE CANDIDATES AND TARGET POPULATIONS -- PREDICTIONS ON VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- Probability of Successful Development -- Cost of Development -- Time to Licensure -- PREDICTIONS ON VACCINE CHARACTERISTICS -- Efficacy -- Adverse Reactions -- Production Technology, Delivery Requirements, and Cost per Dose -- Number of Doses and Route of Administration -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCE -- 6 Assessing the Likely Utilization of New Vaccines -- VACCINE AVAILABILITY -- VACCINE UTILIZATION -- Prediction of Utilization in Defined Populations -- Utilization of Vaccines in the Developing World -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 7 Calculation and Comparison of the Health Benefits and Differential Costs Associated with Candidat... -- PROCEDURES -- Vaccine Characteristics -- Target Population -- Vaccine Preventable Illness -- Trends in Disease Burden and Population Numbers -- Adverse Reactions -- The Times for Occurrence of Vaccine-Associated Health Benefits and Cost Savings -- Time to Licensure -- Time to Adoption and Steady-State Yield of Benefits -- Costs -- THE TREATMENT OF VACCINE IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS -- RESULTS -- Health Benefits -- An Illustration of the Process -- Costs -- REFERENCES -- 8 Additional Issues in the Selection of Priorities for Accelerated Vaccine Development -- EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS IN CALCULATING DISEASE BURDENS AND VACCINE BENEFITS -- Age-Related Weights -- Effect of Infant Mortality on Fertility Control -- Lives Versus Cases Versus Days."]
[{"$nulls":4},"The Aggregate Nature of the Disease Burden Calculations -- The Portfolio Approach for Ranking Vaccines for Research and Development Support -- INTERDEPENDENCE OF VACCINE DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS -- INTERDEPENDENCE OF IMMUNIZATION EFFORTS -- INDUSTRY INTEREST AND ACTIVITY: THE RESPECTIVE ROLES OF THE PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS -- INTEREST IN OTHER COUNTRIES OR INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS -- OTHER DIEASE CHARACTERSTICS RELEVANT TO ESTABLISHING PRIORITIES -- Alternative Disease Control Measures -- Epidemiologic and Clinical Features -- Potential for Disease Eradication -- Interaction with Other Diseases -- FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 9 Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations -- The Central Analysis -- FINDINGS -- Disease Burden Assumptions -- Target Population and Assumptions on Vaccine Preventable Illness -- Discount Rate -- Alternative Development Scenario: Probability of Success -- Assessing the Effect of Differential Utilization -- CONCLUSIONS -- DISCUSSION -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"REFERENCE -- Appendix A Selection of Vaccine Candidates for Accelerated Development -- JUDGING THE FEASIBILITY OF ACCELERATED VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- ACCELERATED VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AND BASIC RESEARCH PRIORITIES -- SELECTING CANDIDATES FOR ACCELERATED DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCE -- Appendix B The Burden of Disease Resulting from Acute Respiratory Illness -- UNCERTAINTY IN THE DISEASE BURDEN ESTIMATES -- REFERENCES -- Appendix C The Burden of Disease Resulting from Diarrhea -- MODIFICATION OF DISEASE BURDENS BY APPLICATION OF CURRENTLY AVAILABLE REMEDIES -- SECOND-ORDER EFFECTS OF DISEASES -- UNCERTAINTY IN THE DISEASE BURDEN ESTIMATES -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-1 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Dengue Virus -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- Limitations of Existing Vaccines -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-2 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Escherichia coli -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution of Disease -- Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-3 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Hemophilus influenzae Type b -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-4 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Hepatitis A Virus -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-5 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Hepatitis B Virus -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- Acute Hepatitis B -- Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma -- Cirrhosis."]
[{"$nulls":4},"PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatment -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-6 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- Existing Vaccines and Limitations -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- Status of Existing Vaccines -- Formalin-Inactivated Mouse Brain Vaccine -- Formalin-Inactivated Cell Culture Vaccine -- Live Attenuated Vaccine -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Potential for New Vaccines -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-7 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Mycobacterium leprae -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT -- Problems to be Overcome -- REFERENCES -- Appendix D-8 The Prospects for Immunizing Against Neisseria meningitidis -- DISEASE DESCRIPTION -- Previous Efforts at Vaccination -- PATHOGEN DESCRIPTION -- HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE -- DISTRIBUTION OF DISEASE -- Geographic Distribution -- Disease Burden Estimates -- Epidemic Meningococcal Meningitis -- Endemic Meningococcal Meningitis -- Uncertainty in the Disease Burden Estimates -- PROBABLE VACCINE TARGET POPULATION -- Vaccine Preventable Illness* -- SUITABILITY FOR VACCINE CONTROL -- Alternative Control Measures and Treatments -- PROSPECTS FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Potential New Vaccines."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Common diseases cost the developing world an enormous amount in terms of human life, health, and productivity, as well as lost economic potential. New and effective vaccines could not only improve the quality of life for millions of residents in developing countries, they could also contribute substantially to further economic development. Using data from the World Health Organization and other international agencies, this book analyzes disease burdens, pathogen descriptions, geographic distribution of diseases, probable vaccine target populations, alternative control measures and treatments, and future prospects for vaccine development. New Vaccine Development provides valuable insight into immunological and international health policy priorities."]