{"text_format":"2","workbook":"xls","n_sheets":1,"sheets":["report2"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":0,"macros":0,"external_links":1,"defined_names":2,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"run_cost":"one","rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900","formulas":"cached_only"}

{"sheet":"report2","index":0,"n_rows":40,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":40,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,2,0,3],[0,4,0,5],[1,2,1,3],[1,4,1,5],[2,2,2,3],[2,4,2,5],[3,2,3,3],[4,2,4,3],[5,2,5,3],[6,2,6,3],[10,2,10,3],[10,4,10,5],[11,2,11,3],[11,4,11,5],[12,2,12,3],[13,2,13,3],[20,2,20,3],[21,2,21,3],[22,2,22,3],[23,2,23,3],[26,2,26,3],[27,2,27,3],[31,2,31,3]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNISA996385741203316"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Newark David Leslie, Baron, <d. 1682.>"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Generall Lessley's direction and order for the exercising of horse and foot [[electronic resource] ] : being almost exact, compendeous, and necessary direction for all such as are studiously devoted to the due exercise of armes and principally intended for the young sort of the militia"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"London, : Printed by Richard Badger for L. Blaikelock, 1642"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"[2], 11 [1] p"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Reproduction of original in Thomason Collection, British Library."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","eebo-0158"]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910957258703321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786610212385"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9781280212383"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1280212381"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9780309543538"]
[{"$nulls":4},"0309543533"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9780585030203"]
[{"$nulls":4},"0585030200"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (337 p.)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"628.5/3/0287"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Air - Pollution - Evaluation"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Health risk assessment - Methodology"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Pollutants - Analysis"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references (p. 259-309)."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Human Exposure Assessment for Airborne Pollutants -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- INTRODUCTION -- THE CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE -- THE COMMITTEE'S APPROACH TO ITS CHARGE -- RATIONALE FOR PERFORMING EXPOSURE ASSESSMENTS -- FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING EXPOSURES TO AIR CONTAMINANTS -- SAMPLING AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS -- Quality Control and Quality Assurance -- Sampling Techniques and Strategy -- Instrumental Techniques -- USE OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS -- SURVEY RESEARCH METHODS AND EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- MODELS USED IN ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS -- Concentration Models -- Exposure Models -- FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- 1 Principles of Exposure Assessment -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND -- Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology -- Exposure Assessment in Occupational "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Epidemiology and Risk Management -- Conceptual Framework for Human Exposure Assessment -- Types of Studies -- Community Studies -- Epidemiological Studies -- Industrial Hygiene Studies -- Clinical Case Studies -- Engineering Studies -- Animal Studies -- Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies -- Behavioral Studies -- SUMMARY -- 2 Framework for Assessing Exposures to Air Contaminants -- INTRODUCTION -- MATHEMATICAL RELATIONSHIPS -- MEASUREMENT AND ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED IN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- Direct Measures of Exposure -- Personal Monitoring -- Biological Markers -- Indirect Measures of Exposure -- Microenvironmental Measurements -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Mitigation Measures -- INTEGRATION OF EXPOSURE-ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES -- SUMMARY -- 3 Sampling and Physical-Chemical Measurements -- INTRODUCTION -- QUALITY ASSURANCE -- ERRORS -- Site-Selection Errors -- Collection Errors -- Analytical Errors -- Data-Handling Errors -- AIRBORNE ANALYTES."]
[{"$nulls":4},"CRITERIA FOR METHOD SELECTION -- Sensitivity -- Selectivity -- Rapidity -- Comprehensiveness -- Portability -- Cost -- METHODOLOGY -- The Measurement Process -- Sampling -- Passive Sampling -- Active Sampling -- Separation -- Chromatography -- Gas Chromatography -- Liquid Chromatography -- Supercritical Fluid Chromatography -- Permselective Membranes (Microfiltration) -- Sequential Solvent Extraction -- Supercritical Fluid Extraction -- Liquid Chromatography for Sample Preparation -- Detection -- Chromatography Detection Devices -- Nonspecific Detectors -- Selective Ionization Detectors -- Thermal Conduction Devices -- Organoleptic Methods -- Mass Spectrometry -- Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry -- Ion Mobility Spectrometer -- Electrochemical Detectors -- Potentiometry -- Conductimetry -- Amperometry -- Spectroscopic Detectors -- Infrared Detection -- Microsensors -- Electron Microscopy -- Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) -- Radon and Radon Progeny Measurements -- Radon -- Radon-Decay Products -- Chemometrics -- SUMMARY -- Quality Control/Quality Assurance -- Sampling Techniques and Strategy -- Instrumental Techniques -- Field-Study Instruments -- 4 Use of Biological Markers in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Contaminants -- INTRODUCTION -- FROM EXPOSURE TO HEALTH EFFECTS: KINDS OF MARKERS -- APPLICATIONS OF HUMAN BIOLOGICAL MARKERS -- Markers of Exposure -- Markers of Effect -- UTILITY OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS -- Advantages -- Improved Exposure Assessments -- Validation of Pharmacokinetic Models -- Improvement of Risk Extrapolation -- Timely Identification of Persons or Groups at Increased Risk of Disease -- Improved Epidemiological Study Design and Inference -- Disadvantages and Limitations -- Lack of Validation -- Ambiguity of Many Markers -- Variability of Markers."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Difficulty of Establishing Links Between Exposure and Markers of Effect -- Confounding Influences on Biological Markers -- Complexity and Resource Intensiveness -- Use of Exposure Markers in Conjunction with Traditional Measures -- CRITERIA GOVERNING THE VALIDATION AND USE OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS -- Validation and Selection of Biological Markers -- Exposure Assessment -- Understanding of Pharmacokinetics and Temporal Relevance -- Understanding of \"Background\" Variability and Confounding Variables -- Reproducibility, Sensitivity, and Specificity -- Feasibility -- Study Design -- Adequate Sample Size -- Appropriate Control Populations -- Control of Potential Confounding Variables -- Use of Batteries of Biological Markers -- Analysis -- ETHICAL ISSUES -- SUMMARY -- 5 Survey Research Methods and Exposure Assessment -- INTRODUCTION -- SAMPLE "]
[{"$nulls":4},"SELECTION -- Target Population -- Response Rate -- Sampling Error -- Other Features -- MEASUREMENT APPROACHES -- Direct Approach -- Indirect Approach -- Integrating Personal-Monitor and Diary Information -- Questionnaire Approach -- Factual Questions -- QUESTIONNAIRE FRAMING AND WORDING -- IMPROVING SURVEY QUESTIONS -- INCORPORATING SURVEY-RESEARCH METHODS INTO EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- SUMMARY -- 6 Models -- INTRODUCTION -- IMPORTANT MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -- CONCENTRATION MODELS -- Outdoor Models-Contaminant Source Emissions -- Validation -- Contaminant Dispersion -- Atmospheric Chemistry -- Receptor Models -- INDOOR CONTAMINANT CONCENTRATIONS -- Industrial Environments -- Nonindustrial Environments -- Variability in Emission Rates -- Mixing Within and Between Rooms -- Deposition -- Air Cleaning -- Recent Advances -- EXPOSURE-ASSESSMENT MODELS -- Individual Exposures -- Population Exposures -- Temporal Aspects -- SUMMARY -- Concentration Models -- Outdoor -- Indoor -- Indoor-Air Chemistry -- Exposure Models."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Source Models -- Validation -- 7 Current and Anticipated Applications -- INTRODUCTION -- VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- Introduction -- Current Approaches to Exposure Assessment Under the Clean Air Act -- Total Exposure-Assessment Methodology Study -- Overview -- Measurement Methods -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Benzene -- Recommendations -- ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE -- Introduction -- Air-Contaminant Measurement -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Future Applications -- POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS -- Introduction -- Hypothesis and Study Design -- Measurement Methods -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Future Needs -- LEAD -- Introduction -- Lead from Gasoline -- Airborne Lead from Stationary Sources -- Lead in Dusts and Soils -- Outdoor-Air Measurements -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Conclusions -- ACIDIC PARTICULATE MATTER -- Introduction -- Hypothesis -- Measurements -- Methods -- Conclusions -- SICK-BUILDING SYNDROME -- Introduction -- Hypothesis and Study Design -- Measurement Techniques (Analytical and Sampling) -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Conclusions -- TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY -- Introduction -- Applications to Exposure Assessment -- Implications -- RADON -- Introduction -- Hypothesis and Study Design -- Measurement Methods -- Models -- Advances -- Glossary -- References -- Appendix A: Basic Standard Environmental Inventory Questionnaire -- Appendix B: Exposure Assessment Workshop Participants and Presentations -- WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS -- WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS -- Session I: Application of Methodology in Assessing Human Exposure to Air Contaminants -- Session II: Biomarkers of Exposure -- Session III: Modeling -- Session IV: Measurement Techniques -- Session V: Time-Activity Patterns and Questionnaires."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Appendix C: Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources -- STAFF."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Most people in the United States spend far more time indoors than outdoors. Yet, many air pollution regulations and risk assessments focus on outdoor air. These often overlook contact with harmful contaminants that may be at their most dangerous concentrations \"indoors.\" A new book from the National Research Council explores the need for strategies to address indoor and outdoor exposures and examines the methods and tools available for finding out where and when significant exposures occur. The volume includes:  A conceptual framework and common terminology that investigators from different disciplines can use to make more accurate assessments of human "]
[{"$nulls":4},"exposure to airborne contaminants. An update of important developments in assessing exposure to airborne contaminants: ambient air sampling and physical chemical measurements, biological markers, questionnaires, time-activity diaries, and modeling. A series of examples of how exposure assessments have been applied--properly and improperly--to public health issues and how the committee's suggested framework can be brought into practice. This volume will provide important insights to improve risk assessment, risk management, pollution control, and regulatory programs."]